Disease burden and trend of melanoma among middle-aged and elderly population in China from 1990 to 2020, and prediction for 2022 to 2035.

Objectives: To analyze the disease burden and trend from 1990 to 2020 of melanoma among middle-aged and elderly populations in China, and to predict the future trend from 2022 to 2035.

Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021 were utilized to collect incidence and mortality rates of melanoma, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and corresponding age crude rates among the middle-aged and elderly population in China. Additionally, the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was employed to assess the temporal trends.

The impact of clinical phenotypes of coronary artery disease on outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation: A post-hoc analysis of GLORIA-AF registry.

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) and atrial fibrillation (AF) often coexist, but the impact of clinical phenotypes of CAD on outcomes in AF patients in the non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant drugs (NOACs) era is less well understood.

Methods: This was a post-hoc of the GLORIA-AF registry, a global, multicenter, prospective AF registry study. Patients were divided into three groups: prior history of myocardial infarction (MI)/unstable angina group (Group 1); stable angina group (Group 2); and a control group without stable angina or history of MI/unstable angina.

Plasma metabolomic signature of a proinflammatory diet in relation to breast cancer risk: a prospective cohort study.

Background: A proinflammatory diet has been linked to an increased risk of breast cancer. However, the underlying metabolic roles remain to be elucidated.

Objective: To investigate the metabolic mechanism between proinflammatory diet and breast cancer risk.

Promotion of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Immunotherapy by Combining Bioactive Radicals with Immune Checkpoint Blockade.

Although immunotherapy has revolutionized clinical cancer treatment, the efficacy is limited due to the lack of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and the presence of compensatory immune checkpoints. To overcome the deficiency, a nano-system loaded with ozone and CD47 inhibitor RRx-001 is designed and synthesized. Upon irradiation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated from ozone reacts with nitric oxide (NO) metabolized from RRx-001 to form reactive nitrogen species (RNS), which presents a much stronger cell-killing ability than ROS.

Effect of the thinking healthy programme-based internet intervention model for maternal perinatal depression: A pilot study.

Background: Thinking Healthy Programme (THP) is an evidence-based psychosocial intervention that can be delivered by non-psychologists and does not require the implementer to have a mental health background or field experience. The THP has been tested in maternal health in many countries. However, the application of the THP model in Chinese maternal and child health has not been reported.

Exploring the triglyceride-glucose index's role in depression and cognitive dysfunction: Evidence from NHANES with machine learning support.

Background: Depression and cognitive impairments are prevalent among older adults, with evidence suggesting potential links to obesity and lipid metabolism disturbances. This study investigates the relationships between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, body mass index (BMI), depression, and cognitive dysfunction in older adults, leveraging data from the NHANES survey and employing machine learning techniques.

Methods: We analysed 1352 participants aged 60-79 from the 2011-2014 NHANES dataset, who underwent cognitive function testing, depression assessments, and TyG index measurements.

Analysis of growth physiological changes and metabolome of highland barley seedlings under cadmium (II) stress.

This study aims to investigate the physiological changes in growth and metabolic response mechanisms of highland barley under different concentrations of cadmium. To achieve this, cadmium stress was applied to green barley at levels of 20, 40, and 80 mg/L. The results revealed that, under Cd(II) stress, the chlorophyll content and photosynthesis in leaves of highland barley seedlings were inhibited to some extent.

Integrative multi-omic analyses reveal the molecular mechanisms of silicon nanoparticles in enhancing hyperaccumulator under Pb stress.

Lead (Pb), one of the most ubiquitous and harmful contaminants of farmland, seriously threatens soil health and food security. Silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) have potential applications in soil remediation and phytoremediation. Yet, how SiNPs influence plant growth under Pb stress remains poorly understood.

Long-term and seasonal evaluation on environmental microbiology and water quality of Shanmei reservoir in southeast China.

As a crucial source of potable water, the quality of water in Shanmei reservoir strongly and directly impacts the safety and well-being of downstream residents. Microorganisms play a pivotal role in the reservoir's resource and energy cycle. However, ecological protection efforts for the Shanmei reservoir have encountered numerous challenges in recent years.

Structural characterization of polysaccharides from Polygonatum Sibiricum and effect on alleviating hyperlipidemia in egg yolk emulsion-induced mice.

Polysaccharides are the major bioactive composition of Polygonatum sibiricum (P. sibiricum). However, the structural and functional identifications of these polysaccharides were still limited.

Recent advances in valorization of lignocellulosic waste into biochar and its functionalization for the removal of chromium ions.

Lignocellulosic waste is a prevalent byproduct of agricultural and forestry activities which is an excellent feedstock for the preparation of biochar. This research area is of interest to the scientific community due to its potential in environmental remediation. In this regard, this review examines the latest advancements in transforming lignocellulosic waste into biochar and explores recent innovations in enhancing its functionality for chromium ion removal.

Discovery and mechanistic exploration of promiscuous xylosyltransferase based on protein engineering.

Glycosylation is an effective means to alter the structure and properties of plant compounds, influencing the pharmacological activity of natural products (NPs) to obtain highly active NPs. In nature, glucosides are the most widely distributed, while other glycosides such as xylosides are less common and present in lower quantities. This is due to the scarcity of xylosyltransferases with substrate promiscuity in nature, and the modification of their catalytic function is also quite challenging.

Treatment modalities and trends for hospitalized patients with neovascular glaucoma: A retrospective study of 10 years.

To analyze the treatment modalities and trends for neovascular glaucoma (NVG) over the past 10 years, we conducted a retrospective analysis at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center on 1331 NVG inpatients who received 1459 treatments for 1383 eyes between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2021. Over time, we observed a progressive annual increase in both the number of patients and the volume of surgeries for NVG, with an annual percentage change (APC) of 10.23 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 5.

Advances of Selenium in Poultry Nutrition and Health.

Selenium is widely acknowledged as an indispensable trace element for humans and various animals, including poultry. The addition of selenium in appropriate doses plays a crucial role in promoting poultry growth and reproduction. Conversely, both deficiency and excessive intake of selenium can pose significant threats to poultry health and production performance.

Clinical features and prognostic nomogram for therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML), which develops after cytotoxic therapy, has a poorer prognosis. Although allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a potential cure, its efficacy varies among patients. In this retrospective study, we analyzed 154 patients with t-AML who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) at our institution to determine their clinical characteristics and develop a prognostic nomogram.

Hypothyroidism induced by excessive-iodine is associated in humans with altered hsa-miR-199a-5p/HIF-1α axis and thyroglobulin.

The adverse effect of excessive iodine intake has attracted extensive attention. However, the role of excessive iodine on hypothyroidism and detailed mechanism are not exactly known. Studies have shown that miRNAs are crucial to the occurrence and development of hypothyroidism.

Identifying disulfidptosis-related biomarkers in epilepsy based on integrated bioinformatics and experimental analyses.

One of the underlying mechanisms of epilepsy (EP), a brain disease characterized by recurrent seizures, is considered to be cell death. Disulfidptosis, a proposed novel cell death mechanism, is thought to play a part in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, but the exact role is unclear. The gene expression omnibus series (GSE) 33000 and GSE63808 datasets were used to search for differentially expressed disulfidptosis-related molecules (DE-DRMs).

43 G > T polymorphism in the sucrase-isomaltase gene in the Chinese population prevents the glucose-lowering effect of acarbose.

Background: Acarbose is an α-glucosidase inhibitor widely used clinically for its significant hypoglycemic effect, albeit with inter-individual variations in response. The sucrase-isomaltase (SI) enzyme is the primary target of acarbose. This study aims to investigate the impact of genetic polymorphisms in the SI gene on the pharmacodynamics of acarbose.

P2-NaMnNiCoO stabilized by optimal active facets for sodium-ion batteries.

Considering factors such as crustal reserves, atomic mass, redox potential and energy density, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are regarded as the most promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Transition metal-based layered oxides, especially typical NaMnO, stand out among cathode materials due to their low cost and high energy density. However, NaMnO cathodes face several challenges, including Jahn-Teller distortion, manganese dissolution, structural collapse, irreversible phase transition and significant capacity loss.

Engineering a cpGFP-based biosensor for enhanced quantification of glycolate production in Escherichia coli.

The growing demand for glycolate, fueled by economic development, requires the advancement of production methods. Escherichia coli (E. coli), a preferred host for glycolate production, has undergone extensive metabolic engineering to improve yield.

Effects of POPs-induced SIRT6 alteration on intestinal mucosal barrier function: A comprehensive review.

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are pervasive organic chemicals with significant environmental and ecological ramifications, extending to adverse human health effects due to their toxicity and persistence. The intestinal mucosal barrier, a sophisticated defense mechanism comprising the epithelial layer, mucosal chemistry, and cellular immunity, shields the host from external threats and fosters a symbiotic relationship with intestinal bacteria. Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), a sirtuin family member, is pivotal in genome and telomere stability, inflammation regulation, and metabolic processes.

Ultrasound-triggered drug-loaded nanobubbles for enhanced T cell recruitment in cancer chemoimmunotherapy.

Chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy is a highly promising approach for treating tumors. However, chemotherapeutic drugs often fail to accumulate effectively at the tumor site after systemic administration and they lack sufficient immunogenicity to activate adaptive immunity, making an effective T-cell immune response within the tumor microenvironment difficult to achieve. Here, this work developed drug-loaded nanobubbles (DTX-R837@NBs) that encapsulate the chemotherapy drug docetaxel and the immune adjuvant R837 via a thin-film hydration method.

Ultrasmall iron-gallic acid coordination polymer nanoparticles for scavenging ROS and suppressing inflammation in tauopathy-induced Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder globally, with no effective treatment available yet. A crucial pathological hallmark of AD is the accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, which is deteriorated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neuroinflammation in AD progression. Thus, alleviation of ROS and inflammation has become a potential therapeutic strategy in many studies.