Predictive markers of response to immune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.

Aim: The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of rechallenge with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) compared to chemotherapy and the predictive role of clinical parameters in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who were rechallenged.

Methods: The study included 113 metastatic NSCLC patients who had initially responded to ICIs and platinum-based chemotherapy, either in combination in the first line or sequentially in the first and second line, but later experienced disease progression. Of those patients, 52 later received ICI rechallenge and 61 were exposed to chemotherapy.