DNA-elucidated life cycle of a highly pathogenic avian nematode: (Spirurida: Acuariidae) and its morphological development from infective third-stage larva to adult.

Gibson, 1968 is an acuariid nematode associated with lethal cases of streptocarosis of diverse aquatic birds in North America and Europe. This study reports as an agent causing severe and fatal necrosis of the oesophagus and proventriculus of anatids, i.e.