Deciphering the Differences Between Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated and Negative Gastric Cancer in the Prospect of CDKN2A Genomic Alterations and Lymphoid Infiltration.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is a major health concern worldwide. One important contributing factor is the presence of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). However, the molecular pattern of how EBV participates in the malignant transition process remains unclear.

A new combination of a prebiotic and postbiotic mitigates immunosenescence in vaccinated healthy senior dogs.

Introduction: Elderly dogs often suffer from chronic diseases, in part attributed to immunosenescence, characterized by reduced blood CD4+ T cells (helper T cells) and elevation in the CD8+ T cells subset (cytotoxic T cells). Studies conducted in adult dogs suggested that supplementing short chain fructo-oligosaccharides (scFOS) or postbiotics derived from yeasts may positively influence the immune response. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether dietary supplementation with a combination of scFOS with a new yeast postbiotic (Profeed ADVANCED called scFOS+) could have a positive influence on the immune status of senior dogs subjected to an immune challenge (Lyme disease vaccination).

Integration of Sense and Control for Uncertain Systems Based on Delayed Feedback Active Inference.

Asa result of the time lag in transmission, the data obtained by the sensor is delayed and does not reflect the state at the current moment. The effects of input delay are often overlooked in active inference (AIF), which may lead to significant deviations in state estimation and increased prediction errors, particularly when the system is subjected to a sudden external stimulus. In this paper, a theoretical framework of delayed feedback active inference (DAIF) is proposed to enhance the applicability of AIF to real systems.

Selenized Yeast Protects Against Cadmium-Induced Follicular Atresia in Laying Hens by Reducing Autophagy in Granulosa Cells.

Cadmium (Cd) exposure can induce follicular atresia and laying performance reduction in hens, which is linked to autophagy within the granulosa cells. Selenium (Se) can influence autophagy and counteract Cd toxicity. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Se on Cd-induced follicular atresia in laying hens.

Optimizing Lactiplantibacillus plantarum viability in the gastrointestinal tract and its impact on gut microbiota-brain axis through zein microencapsulation.

Evidence suggests that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (LP) can positively influence gut microbiota, subsequently affecting brain function via the gut-brain axis. However, the oral administration of LP may subject it to damage from gastric acid. To address this issue, a microencapsulation system was developed to protect LP and enhance its viability in the gastrointestinal tract.

MicroRNA-mediated network redundancy is constrained by purifying selection and contributes to expression robustness in Drosophila melanogaster.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcriptional, non-coding regulatory RNAs that function coordinately with transcription factors (TFs) in gene regulatory networks. TFs and their targets are often co-regulated by miRNAs, forming composite feedforward circuits (cFFCs) with varying degrees of redundancy, primarily mediated by miRNAs. However, the maintenance of miRNA-mediated regulatory redundancy and its impact on gene expression evolution remain elusive.

Spider-silk inspired ultrafast alkali-induced molecular aggregation for 3D printing arbitrary tubular hydrogels.

Fabricating tubular hydrogel models with arbitrary structural complexity and controllable diameters using an ultrafast, facile yet universal method is desirable for vascular prototypes yet still a great challenge. Herein, inspired by the denaturing ability of spider silks, a novel strategy to induce complexation applying highly concentrated alkali into a polyvinyl alcohol/ionic liquid (PVA/IL) solution, , alkali-induced molecular aggregation (AMA), is proposed to achieve such purpose. This strategy enables the rapid and facile fabrication of tubular hydrogel architectures with tunable diameters, controllable thicknesses, and excellent mechanical performance with a tensile strength of up to 1.

Stochasticity in Dietary Restriction-Mediated Lifespan Outcomes in .

Dietary restriction (DR) is widely considered to be one of the most potent approaches to extend healthy lifespan across various species, yet it has become increasingly apparent that DR-mediated longevity is influenced by biological and non-biological factors. We propose that current priorities in the field should include understanding the relative contributions of these factors to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of DR. Our work conducted in two laboratories, represents an attempt to unify DR protocols in and to investigate the stochastic effects of DR.

A Whole-Genome Scan Revealed Genomic Features and Selection Footprints of Mengshan Cattle.

(1) Background: Mengshan cattle from the Yimeng mountainous region in China stand out as a unique genetic resource, known for their adaptive traits and environmental resilience. However, these cattle are currently endangered and comprehensive genomic characterization remains largely unexplored. This study aims to address this gap by investigating the genomic features and selection signals in Mengshan cattle.

Stochasticity in Dietary Restriction-Mediated Lifespan Outcomes in .

Dietary restriction (DR) is widely considered to be one of the most potent approaches to extend healthy lifespan across various species, yet it has become increasingly apparent that DR-mediated longevity is influenced by biological and non-biological factors. We propose that current priorities in the field should include understanding the relative contributions of these factors to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of DR. Our work conducted in two laboratories, represents an attempt to unify DR protocols in and to investigate the stochastic effects of DR.

Tumor-Homing Phage Nanofibers for Nanozyme-Enhanced Targeted Breast Cancer Therapy.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) eliminates cancer cells by converting endogenous oxygen into reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, its efficacy is significantly hindered by hypoxia in solid tumors. Hence, to engineer filamentous fd phage, a human-friendly bacteria-specific virus is proposed, into a nanozyme-nucleating photosensitizer-loaded tumor-homing nanofiber for enhanced production of ROS in a hypoxic tumor.

Human Milk Protein-Derived Bioactive Peptides from In Vitro-Digested Colostrum Exert Antimicrobial Activities against Common Neonatal Pathogens.

Human milk reduces risk for necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants. Necrotizing enterocolitis occurs in the ileocecal region where thousands of milk protein-derived peptides have been released from digestion. Digestion-released peptides may exert bioactivity, such as antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities, in the gut.

Systemic delivery of murine SOD2 mRNA to experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm mitigates expansion and rupture.

Background: Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Antioxidant delivery as a therapeutic for AAA is of substantial interest although clinical translation of antioxidant therapy has met with significant challenges due to limitations in achieving sufficient antioxidant levels at the site of AAA. We posit that nanoparticle-based approaches hold promise to overcome challenges associated with systemic administration of antioxidants.

Versatile Pickering emulsion gel lubricants stabilized by cooperative interfacial graphene oxide-polymer assemblies.

Although a large number of water- and oil-based gel lubricants have found extensive potential applications in industrial and biomedical fields, developing new-type emulsion-based gel lubricants that may effectively integrate their characteristics and preponderances remains a significant challenge. Here a water-in-oil Pickering emulsion gel lubricant that is able to combine the high colloidal stability of traditional Pickering emulsions, the good swelling and corrosion resistance of oil-based gel lubricants, and the high cooling capacity of water-based gel lubricants prepared from a binary mixture of aqueous graphene oxide (GO) dispersion and diamino-functionalized polydimethylsiloxane oil solution in a broad concentration, pH, and water volume fraction range is reported. It can provide favourable lubrication for the SiN/steel and SiN/silicone tribopairs either in air or under water owing to the formation of a sturdy adsorbed oil film and ball-bearing actions of the GO particles.

Histone serotonylation in dorsal raphe nucleus contributes to stress- and antidepressant-mediated gene expression and behavior.

Mood disorders are an enigmatic class of debilitating illnesses that affect millions of individuals worldwide. While chronic stress clearly increases incidence levels of mood disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), stress-mediated disruptions in brain function that precipitate these illnesses remain largely elusive. Serotonin-associated antidepressants (ADs) remain the first line of therapy for many with depressive symptoms, yet low remission rates and delays between treatment and symptomatic alleviation have prompted skepticism regarding direct roles for serotonin in the precipitation and treatment of affective disorders.

[Recent advances of molecular imprinting technology for the separation and recognition of complex biological sample systems].

Given continuous improvements in industrial production and living standards, the analysis and detection of complex biological sample systems has become increasingly important. Common complex biological samples include blood, serum, saliva, and urine. At present, the main methods used to separate and recognize target analytes in complex biological systems are electrophoresis, spectroscopy, and chromatography.

Transformation of 6:6 PFPiA in the gut of Xenopus laevis: Synergistic effects of CYP450 enzymes and gut microflora.

As a frequently detected per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance in the environment, 6:6 perfluoroalkylhypophosphinic acid (6:6 PFPiA) is vulnerable to transformation in the liver of organisms, but the transformation in gut is still unclear. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms of 6:6 PFPiA transformation in the gut of Xenopus laevis upon a 28-day exposure in water. Before Day 16, a notable correlation (p = 0.

Myocardial reperfusion injury exacerbation due to ALDH2 deficiency is mediated by neutrophil extracellular traps and prevented by leukotriene C4 inhibition.

Background And Aims: The Glu504Lys polymorphism in the aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) gene is closely associated with myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury (I/RI). The effects of ALDH2 on neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation (i.e.

Genomic characterization of dryland adaptation in endangered Anxi cattle in China.

Local species exhibit distinctive indigenous characteristics while showing unique productive and phenotypic traits. However, the advent of commercialization has posed a substantial threat to the survival of indigenous species. Anxi cattle, an endangered native breed in China, have evolved unique growth and reproductive characteristics in extreme desert and semidesert ecosystems.