Metal-organic frameworks with a sulfur-rich heterocycle: synthesis, gas adsorption properties, and metal exchange.

Three new three-dimensional (3D) metal-organic frameworks [M(ttdc)(dabco)] (M = Zn(II), 1-Zn; Cu(II), 1-Cu; and Zn/Cu, 1-ZnCu) based on thieno[3,2-]thiophene-2,5-dicarboxylate (ttdc) were synthesized and characterized by a combination of physicochemical methods (single crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction, chemical and thermogravimetric analyses and IR spectroscopy). 1-Cu demonstrated permanent porosity ( = 0.790 cm g and = 1725 m g) and significant CO, CH, CH, CH and CH gas uptakes under ambient conditions.

Approaches to the Modification of Perfluorosulfonic Acid Membranes.

Polymer ion-exchange membranes are featured in a variety of modern technologies including separation, concentration and purification of gases and liquids, chemical and electrochemical synthesis, and hydrogen power generation. In addition to transport properties, the strength, elasticity, and chemical stability of such materials are important characteristics for practical applications. Perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membranes are characterized by an optimal combination of these properties.

Nonintimate Polyvictimization and the Severity of Intimate Partner Violence Experienced by Men.

There is a dearth of research on the relation of men's cumulative experiences of nonintimate victimization (polyvictimization) to their victimization in intimate relationships. This study examines the association between nonintimate polyvictimization (including being abused as a child, cyberbullied, stalked, physically assaulted, and experiencing property crime) and the severity of intimate partner violence victimization in men. The sample of 8,784 men in current married/common-law relationships was drawn from a random sample of the 2014 Canadian General Social Survey.

Self-Phosphorylated Polybenzimidazole: An Environmentally Friendly and Economical Approach for Hydrogen/Air High-Temperature Polymer-Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells.

The development of phosphorylated polybenzimidazoles (PBI) for high-temperature polymer-electrolyte membrane (HT-PEM) fuel cells is a challenge and can lead to a significant increase in the efficiency and long-term operability of fuel cells of this type. In this work, high molecular weight film-forming pre-polymers based on ,-bis(3-methoxyphenyl)-1,2,4,5-benzenetetramine and [1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-dicarbonyl dichloride were obtained by polyamidation at room temperature for the first time. During thermal cyclization at 330-370 °C, such polyamides form -methoxyphenyl substituted polybenzimidazoles for use as a proton-conducting membrane after doping by phosphoric acid for H/air HT-PEM fuel cells.

A Series of Metal-Organic Frameworks with 2,2'-Bipyridyl Derivatives: Synthesis vs. Structure Relationships, Adsorption, and Magnetic Studies.

Five new metal-organic frameworks based on Mn(II) and 2,2'-bithiophen-5,5'-dicarboxylate (btdc) with various chelating N-donor ligands (2,2'-bipyridyl = bpy; 5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridyl = 5,5'-dmbpy; 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridyl = 4,4'-dmbpy) [Mn(btdc)(bpy)]·4DMF, ; [Mn(btdc)(5,5'-dmbpy)]·5DMF, ; [Mn(btdc)(4,4;-dmbpy)], ; [Mn(btdc)(bpy)(dmf)]·0.5DMF, ; [Mn(btdc)(5,5'-dmbpy)(dmf)]·DMF, (dmf, DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide) have been synthesized, and their crystal structure has been established using single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). The chemical and phase purities of Compounds - have been confirmed via powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric, and chemical analyses as well as IR spectroscopy.

On the Properties of Nafion Membranes Recast from Dispersion in -Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone.

Perfluorosulfonic acid Nafion membranes are widely used as an electrolyte in electrolysis processes and in fuel cells. Changing the preparation and pretreatment conditions of Nafion membranes allows for the optimization of their properties. In this work, a Nafion-NMP membrane with a higher conductivity than the commercial Nafion 212 membrane (11.

Enhanced Adsorption Selectivity of Carbon Dioxide and Ethane on Porous Metal-Organic Framework Functionalized by a Sulfur-Rich Heterocycle.

Porous metal-organic framework [Zn(ttdc)(bpy)] () based on thieno [3,2-b]thiophenedicarboxylate (ttdc) was synthesized and characterized. The structure contains intersected zig-zag channels with an average aperture of 4 × 6 Å and a 49% () guest-accessible pore volume. Gas adsorption studies confirmed the microporous nature of with a specific surface area (BET model) of 952 m·g and a pore volume of 0.

Effect of Organo-Silanes Structure on the Properties of Silane-Crosslinked Membranes Based on Cardo Polybenzimidazole PBI-O-PhT.

Polybenzimidazoles (PBI) doped with phosphoric acid (PA) are promising electrolytes for medium temperature fuel cells. Their significant disadvantage is a partial or complete loss of mechanical properties and an increase in hydrogen permeability at elevated temperatures. Covalent silanol crosslinking is one possible way to stabilize PBI membranes in the presence of PA.

Cardo Polybenzimidazole (PBI-O-PhT) Based Membrane Reinforced with -polybenzimidazole Electrospun Nanofiber Mat for HT-PEM Fuel Cell Applications.

The further development of high temperature polymer electrolyte membrane (HT-PEM) fuel cells largely depends on the improvement of all components of the membrane-electrode assembly (MEA), especially membranes and electrodes. To improve the membrane characteristics, the cardo-polybenzimidazole (PBI-O-PhT)-based polymer electrolyte complex doped with phosphoric acid is reinforced using an electrospun -PBI mat. As a result, the PBI-O-PhT/es--PBI · nHPO reinforced membrane is obtained with hydrogen crossover values (~0.

Male Victims' Experiences With and Perceptions of the Criminal Justice Response to Intimate Partner Abuse.

Intimate partner abuse (IPA) carries severe physical and psychological consequences for victims, and the police and courts are some of the essential formal structures that help victims address their victimization. Studies suggest that male victims of IPA are reluctant to speak about or report their victimization to the police. This qualitative study examines the experiences male victims of IPA had with the criminal justice system (i.

3D Metal-Organic Frameworks Based on Co(II) and Bithiophendicarboxylate: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, Gas Adsorption, and Magnetic Properties.

Three new 3D metal-organic porous frameworks based on Co(II) and 2,2'-bithiophen-5,5'-dicarboxylate (btdc) [Co(btdc)(bpy)]·4DMF, ; [Co(btdc)(pz)(dmf)]·4DMF·1.5HO, ; [Co(btdc)(dmf)]∙2DMF∙2HO, (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridyl, pz = pyrazine, dmf = ,-dimethylformamide) were synthesized and structurally characterized. All compounds share the same trinuclear carboxylate building units {Co(RCOO)}, connected either by btdc ligands (, ) or by both btdc and pz bridging ligands ().

A Series of Mesoporous Metal-Organic Frameworks with Tunable Windows Sizes and Exceptionally High Ethane over Ethylene Adsorption Selectivity.

The NIIC-20 (NIIC stands for Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry) is a family of five isostructural metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based on dodecanuclear wheel-shaped carboxylate building blocks {Zn (RCOO) (glycol) } (glycol is deprotonated diatomic alcohol: ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,2-butanediol, 1,2-pentanediol or glycerol), quantitatively crystallized from readily available starting chemicals. The crystal structures contain large mesoporous cages of 25 Å connected through {Zn } rings, of which inner diameter and chemical nature depend solely on the chosen glycol. The NIIC-20 compounds feature high surface area and rarely observed inversed adsorption affinity for saturated hydrocarbon (ethane) over the unsaturated ones (ethylene, acetylene).

Severity of Victimization and Formal Help Seeking Among Men Who Experienced Intimate Partner Violence in Their Ongoing Relationships.

This study examined the severity of intimate partner violence (IPV) experienced by men in their ongoing relationships and their help-seeking behavior with the criminal justice system and other professional agencies. This study also examined the extent to which socio-demographic variables predicted formal help seeking among male victims of IPV. Data were drawn from 2009 and 2014 cycles of the Canadian General Social Survey on Victimization with a nationally representative sample of 52,400 respondents.

Examining Men's Experiences of Abuse From a Female Intimate Partner in Four English-Speaking Countries.

This qualitative study explores the experiences of men who self-report victimization from a female intimate partner in four English-speaking countries. Forty-one men who reported any type of intimate partner abuse (IPA) from a female partner were recruited via targeted advertising in Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Twelve online focus groups were conducted across countries using a phenomenologically informed design.

Internal and External Barriers to Help Seeking: Voices of Men Who Experienced Abuse in the Intimate Relationships.

This qualitative study explores internal and external barriers to help seeking among 41 men from four English-speaking countries who self-reported victimization from a female intimate partner. Twelve online focus groups were conducted and themes were identified inductively at a semantic level. Six identified themes represented four internal (blind to the abuse, maintaining relationships, male roles, and excuses) and two external barriers to help seeking (fear of seeking help and nowhere to go).

Intimate Partner Violence Among Persons With Mental Health-Related Disabilities in Canada.

This study examined the elevated risk of intimate partner violence (IPV) among persons with mental health-related disabilities (MH-RD) and the extent to which known risk factors accounted for this phenomenon. Data were drawn from a nationally representative sample of 33,127 Canadians collected in 2014 as part of Statistics Canada's General Social Survey. Results showed that respondents with MH-RD had more than three-fold increased odds of both overall and severe IPV victimization.

Security or Safety: Quantitative and Comparative Analysis of Usage in Research Works Published in 2004-2019.

This article is devoted to the statistical analysis of security and safety frequency in the context of categories connected with social institutions and personality features in research works from 2004-2019. Research was based on the following methods: quantitative analysis of safety frequency in the context with coded "categories" related to social institutions and personality features; analysis was conducted with computer-assisted content analysis QDA Miner Lite v. 1.

Tuning the Molecular and Cationic Affinity in a Series of Multifunctional Metal-Organic Frameworks Based on Dodecanuclear Zn(II) Carboxylate Wheels.

A series of new zinc(II)-thiophene-2,5-dicarboxylate (tdc) MOFs based on novel dodecanuclear wheel-shaped building blocks has been synthesized in almost quantative yields. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses reveal 3D porous frameworks with a complex composition [Zn(tdc)(glycolate)(dabco)] where glycolate is a deprotonated polyatomic alcohol (ethylene glycol, EgO, ; 1,2-propanediol, PrO, ; 1,2-butanediol, BuO, ; 1,2-pentanediol, PeO, ; glycerol, GlO, ) and dabco is 1,4-diazo[2.2.

Intimate Partner Violence: A Multinational Test of Cultural Spillover Theory.

Cultural spillover theory asserts that the prevalence of socially legitimate violence to attain ends for which there is widespread social approval is part of the explanation for the prevalence of illegitimate violence. This study was a test of the cultural spillover theory as it applies to intimate partner violence (IPV). Based on data from the International Dating Violence Study (IDVS) in 32 countries, we tested the proposition that agreement with socially approved forms of violence "spills over" into violence against an intimate partner.

A Violent Event Perspective on Women's Involvement in Incidents of Severe Partner Violence.

There is a shortage of research that examines experiences of partner violence (PV) among high-risk, incarcerated women using a situational perspective. This study uses a "violent event perspective" and data from the Canadian-Based Women's Experiences of Violence study to examine the sequential actions of intimate partners in a violent event. It also identifies the types of violent events based on women's involvement in the incidents of severe PV.

Using Technology to Conduct Focus Groups With a Hard-to-Reach Population: A Methodological Approach Concerning Male Victims of Partner Abuse in Four English-Speaking Countries.

Research shows that the experiences of male victims of partner abuse (PA) are often denied by the public and the professionals who are charged to support PA victims. Recruiting female victims for research on PA victimization is relatively easy because there are existing structures to serve this group of victims. Thus, male victims are considered a hard-to-reach (HTR) population, and studying them can be difficult.

Quantitative temperature mapping within an operating catalyst by spatially resolved 27Al NMR.

Spatially resolved NMR is employed to quantitatively map the temperature of a solid catalyst under operating conditions during H(2) oxidation with O(2) over Pt/γ-Al(2)O(3). As this new non-invasive in situ technique utilizes the (27)Al NMR signal of the solid phase, it is suitable for catalyst temperature mapping in both liquid- and gas-phase heterogeneous catalytic processes.

Magnetic resonance imaging methods for in situ studies in heterogeneous catalysis.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a very powerful instrument used extensively in modern medical diagnostics because of its ability to look inside a body in a non-invasive and non-destructive way. Furthermore, MRI is more than just a single tool for extracting structural information. It is more of a sophisticated and versatile toolkit able to provide all sorts of useful information about the internal properties of an object under study and various processes within it, including heat and mass transport, composition and chemical transformations, in a spatially resolved mode.

Magnetic resonance imaging studies on catalyst impregnation processes: discriminating metal ion complexes within millimeter-sized gamma-Al2O3 catalyst bodies.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to study the impregnation step during the preparation of Ni/gamma-Al(2)O(3) hydrogenation catalysts with Ni(2+) metal ion present in different coordinations. The precursor complexes were [Ni(H(2)O)(6)](2+) and [Ni(edtaH(x))]((2-x)-) (where x = 0, 1, 2 and edta = ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), representing a nonshielded and a shielded paramagnetic complex, respectively. Due to this shielding effect of the ligands, the dynamics of [Ni(H(2)O)(6)](2+) or [Ni(edtaH(x))]((2-x)-) were visualized applying T(2) or T(1) image contrast, respectively.

Biopolymer and water dynamics in microbial biofilm extracellular polymeric substance.

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a noninvasive and nondestructive tool able to access several observable quantities in biofilms such as chemical composition, diffusion, and macroscale structure and transport. Pulsed gradient spin echo (PGSE) NMR techniques were used to measure spectrally resolved biomacromolecular diffusion in biofilm biomass, extending previous research on spectrally resolved diffusion in biofilms. The dominant free water signal was nulled using an inversion recovery modification of the traditional PGSE technique in which the signal from free water is minimized in order to view the spectra of components such as the rotationally mobile carbohydrates, DNA, and proteins.