A comparative multi-level toxicity assessment of carbon-based Gd-free dots and Gd-doped nanohybrids from coffee waste: hematology, biochemistry, histopathology and neurobiology study.

Here, a comparative toxicity assessment of precursor carbon dots from coffee waste (cofCDs) obtained using green chemistry principles and Gd-doped nanohybrids (cofNHs) was performed using hematological, biochemical, histopathological assays in vivo (CD1 mice, intraperitoneal administration, 14 days), and neurochemical approach in vitro (rat cortex nerve terminals, synaptosomes). Serum biochemistry data revealed similar changes in cofCDs and cofNHs-treated groups, i.e.

Root traits explain plant species distributions along climatic gradients yet challenge the nature of ecological trade-offs.

Ecological theory is built on trade-offs, where trait differences among species evolved as adaptations to different environments. Trade-offs are often assumed to be bidirectional, where opposite ends of a gradient in trait values confer advantages in different environments. However, unidirectional benefits could be widespread if extreme trait values confer advantages at one end of an environmental gradient, whereas a wide range of trait values are equally beneficial at the other end.

[THE SPECIES COMPOSITION OF AGENTS OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS OF URINARY TRACTS AND SENSITIVITY OF MAIN UROPATHOGENS TO ANTIBACTERIAL PREPARATIONS IN MOSCOW IN 2013].

The article presents the results of analysis of spectrum of agents of community-acquired infections of urinary tracts in Moscow The prevalence of resistance these infections to antibiotics applied in treatment of the mentioned pathology are considered.

[Structural stability of DNA of the transposon derivatives of pCA25 plasmid].

Mutants of Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovra 48A carrying plasmid pCA25 and its transposon variant and resistant to mitomycin C, nalidixic acid and streptomycin were used in the research. It has been shown that the presence of transposon in plasmid pCA25 (strain 48A-7/4b[pCA25::Tn9]) does not practically affect the frequency of appearance of the stable bacterial mutants under the effect of all three antibiotics.

[Genetic determinants of Escherichia coli pathogenicity isolated from urine and feces of children with different clinical variants of urinary system infection].

In the process of examination of 156 children of different age groups 176 E. coli cultures were isolated; of these, 98 cultures were isolated from acute cystitis and pyelonephritis patients, 28--from urine in cases of aysmptomatic bacteriuria, 30--from feces in cases of asymtomatc bacteriuria and intestinal dysbacteriosis, while 20 cultures--from feces of healthy children. In these bacteria the presence of genes associated with pathogenicity islets (PI) hlyA, hlyB, cnf-1, papC, sfaG and gene irp-2 (iron-regulated protein) was established with PCR.

[Phagoresistance of filamentous cyanobacteria clones].

The paper deals with formation regularities of phagoresistant clones of cyanobacteria in two productive virus-cell systems: heterocyst cyanobacterium Nostoc linckia--cyanophage N-2, and mutant in heterocysts strain of Anabaena variabilis--cyanophage A-1. Frequency of spontaneous formation of phagoresistant clones of cyanobacterium N. linckia varies within 1.

[Comparative characteristics of physico-chemical and regulating properties of aspartate kinases from three species of cyanobacteria].

Aspartokinases have been isolated from the cell-free extracts of Plectonema boryanum, Anabaena variabilis and Synechococcus cedrorum. Their physico-chemical characteristics and peculiarities of retroregulation by amino acids were studied. It has been shown that in P.

[Development of cyanobacterial phages at the Institute of Microbiology and Virology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (History and perspectives)].

The paper deals with the basic trends of fundamental investigations of the Department of Algae Viruses in the field of cyanophagia-ecology, biological and physico-chemical properties of cyanophages as well as interrelation with the host cells. Such problems as a possibility to use the system cyanophage-cyanobacteria as the experimental model for development of the unified functional model of productive infection, efficient methods of prophylaxis and therapy of virus infections as well as the solution of various biotechnological problems are discussed.

[Use of cyanobacteria for indication of toxic action of stachybotrys toxins].

Screening of cyanobacteria cultures for their sensitivity to the action of complex preparations of toxins from 18 strains of Stachybotrys chartarum has been carried out with the purpose to search for new test-organisms to create a reliable system of biotesting of stachibotryotoxines. In contrast to other cultures of unicell (Anacystis nidulans) and filamentous (Anabaena sp., Anabaena variabilis, Nostoc linckia, Plectonema boryanum) cyanobacteria used in the experiment, only one culture of unicell cyanobacterium Synechococcus cedrorum proved to be highly sensitive to the action of preparations of the whole group of studied mycotoxins.

[Antibiotic properties of the Pseudoalteromonas genus bacteria isolated from the Black Sea water and molluscs].

Antagonistic properties of 41 strains of Alteromonas-like bacteria isolated from the Black Sea water and molluscs have been studied. Being grown on the rich medium "B" for marine bacteria, 21% of strains have shown high antagonistic activity against phytopathogenic fungi; 6% of strains inhibited the growth of Bacillus subtilis, Proteus vulgaris and Candida albicans. Spectrum of antagonistic activity was essentially changed on synthetic "BM" medium with acetate, glutamate, alpha-alanine as a single source of carbon and was directed against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

[Activity of tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes in cyanobacteria Spirulina platensis].

The activity level and some physico-chemical properties of enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) and the associated enzymes isocitrate lyase and glutamate dehydrogenase of cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis grown under illumination of 5000 lk in batch conditions, have been studied. High activities of most of the studied enzymes except for alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (alpha-KGDH) and succinate dehydrogenase have been estimated. In some cases the activities were by an order higher than that of similar enzymes in other cyanobacteria.

[Key enzymes of biosynthesis of amino acids of the glutamic series in the virus-cell system Anabaena variabilis + A-1].

The influence of cyanophage A-1 reproduction on glutamate dehydrogenase (GDG) and glutamine synthetase (GS) in A. variabilis cells was studied. It was determined that the both enzymes are intensified by 70% and 30%, accordingly.

[Use of a turbidometric method for rapid diagnosis of coagulation and clotting disorders in patients with acute myocardial infarction].

In 20 patients with acute myocardial infarction the parameters of coagulation and fibrinolysis were evaluated. A high degree of the correlation between the routine and turbidimetric methods was found. Turbidimetric express-micromethod may be widely used for monitoring coagulation and fibrinolysis parameters in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

[Effect of reproduction of the LPP-3 cyanophage on glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase activity in the cyanobacterium Plectonema boryanum].

The effect of cyanophage LPP-3 reproduction on glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase (GS) in P boryanum cells have been studied. It was determined that the both reactions are intensified by 135% and 220%, accordingly. Isoenzymes of GS were purified from native and infected cell of cyanobacteria.

[Alanine dehydrogenase from the cyanobacterium Plectonema boryanum].

Alanine dehydrogenase activity of Plectonema boryanum cells was studied. It was found, that only NAD(H) may be used as the coenzyme. Kinetical parameters for substrates and coenzymes were determined.

[Aspartate kinase complex of Anabaena variabilis during the early period of development of cyanophage A-1].

Aspartate kinase activity in cells of A. variabilis has been studied in the dynamics of development of virus infection. An early period of reproduction of cyanophage A-1 has been determined to be conjugated with the increase of biosynthesis of amino acids from aspartate family.

[Aspartate kinase activity of Cyanobacteria Anabaena variabilis].

Aspartate-kinase (ASK) activity of filamentous cyanobacteria A. variabilis and its dependence on physico-chemical factors and substrate concentration in the reaction mixture have been studied. Three isoenzymes ASK-1, ASK-2 and ASK-3 which differ in the values of pH-optima, molecular weight, isoelectric points and effector of retro-inhibition have been isolated by ion-exchange chromatography.

[Isolation, purification and various properties of aspartate kinase from the cyanobacterium Plectonema boryanum].

The enzymic activity of aspartate kinase from filamentous cyanobacteria Plectonema boryanum at the logarithmic phase of growth has been studied. Aspartate kinase was purified eleven times and extracted in functionally homogeneous state from the cell-free extract by the methods of ammonium sulphate salting-out, ion-exchange chromatography and isoelectric focusing. Some physical and chemical characteristics of the enzyme have been studied: pI-7.

[The state of lipid peroxidation and of the antioxidant system in the liver and lung microsomes at different periods of sensitization depending on the histamine content].

Histamine impact on lipid peroxidation (LPO) in hepatic and pulmonary microsomes of guinea-pigs sensibilization was studied. It is demonstrated that intensity of chemiluminescence and LPO product content in NADPH-, ascorbat-dependent and spontaneous systems was enhanced in relation to the period of sensibilization process formation and histamine concentration.

[The detection of opisthorchiasis foci in Byelorussia].

Local foci of opisthorchiasis have been established on the territory of 3 Belorussian districts (Brest, Gomel and Grodno provinces). Human beings, cats, fish and the first intermediate host mollusk invaded with Opisthorchis have been found.

[Emotional behavior and correlation of the processes of membrane and cavity digestion in rats].

Depending on the rats emotional background, unequal invertase and monoglyceride-lipase activity was found which did not correlate with the intensity of synthesis of these enzymes in the enterocytes but depended on the stability or mobility of the enzyme molecules in lipid membranes. The differences found in the amylase activity in the colon homogenates were, probably, connected with different intensity of pancreatic alpha-amylase restoration and own intestine gamma-amylase synthesis.

[Physicochemical characteristics of cyanophages and their components].

The paper presents the results of the study on the physicochemical properties of DNA, polypeptide composition of proteins, as well as features of quaternary structure of virions of cyanophages LPP-IA, LPP-3, LPP-3A, A-1, A-2, and N-2 lysing filamentous and heterocyst cyanobacteria. Such characteristics may be used as hierarchially important signs in compiling the classificational scheme of cyanophages.