A conservative approach to testicular tumors in children: 12 cases and their management.

During a 34-year period 12 children were seen with testicular tumors. Of 8 benign tumors 7 were treated by orchiectomy and 1 by local excision only. The 4 malignant tumors were managed by orchiectomy and 1 boy also received adjunctive chemotherapy.

Changes in synaptic membrane order associated with chronic ethanol treatment in mice.

The fluidity of brain synaptosomal plasma membranes (SPM) from ethanol-treated mice and control mice was investigated by a sensitive EPR technique. Mice were made tolerant to and physically dependent on ethanol by 3 days of continuous exposure to ethanol vapor. Daily injections of pyrazole were used to stabilize the blood alcohol levels.

Increased surface glycoconjugates of synaptic membranes in mice during chronic ethanol treatment.

Synaptosomal plasma membranes from mice treated chronically with ethanol were incubated with galactose oxidase and [3H]-sodium borohydride, in order to label the exposed galactose and N-acetylgalactosamine groups of glycoconjugates. The ethanol treatment approximately doubled the amount of exposed sugars. This change may be related to previously observed alterations in the physical properties of neuronal membranes in ethanol-treated mice.

Effects of a combination of common snack foods on some risk factors in heart disease and diabetes in rats.

Rats were fed ad libitum diets containing a combination of commonly consumed highly palatable snack foods, a commercial stock diet, or had access to both diets for 10-11 weeks. Rats fed snack foods only had elevations in risk factors associated with heart disease and/or diabetes including serum cholesterol, insulin response to glucose, and serum glucose. Triglyceride levels were not affected by diet.

Arterial disruption and remodeling following balloon dilatation.

We studied immediate and long-term alterations in human atherosclerotic arteries subjected to balloon dilatation. Pathologic material included vessels obtained at amputation or autopsy that had been previously dilated in vivo and cadaver vessels dilated under physiologic pressure and temperature. All vessels were pressure-perfusion fixed, and morphologic observations were correlated with sequential angiograms obtained in 36 patients.

Ethanol disordering of spin-labeled mouse brain membranes: correlation with genetically determined ethanol sensitivity of mice.

Disordering of brain and erythrocyte membranes by ethanol in vitro was measured by ESR using 5-doxylstearic acid as spin label. Synaptosomal plasma membranes and erythrocyte membranes were isolated from two lines of mice developed, by selective breeding, for differential sensitivity to hypnotic effects of ethanol. Membranes taken from alcohol-sensitive "long-sleep" mice were more strongly disordered by ethanol in vitro than were membranes from alcohol-resistant "short-sleep" mice.

Varicocele in childhood and adolescence: implication in adulthood infertility?

Thirty boys eight to eighteen years of age had a clearly palpable left varicocele. The presenting complaint usually was either an asymptomatic scrotal mass or a scrotal ache after physical exercise. In 77 per cent of the patients the left testis was smaller than its male.

Addition of sodium metabisulphite to left atrial catheter infusates as a means of preventing bacterial colonisation of the catheter tip.

Sodium metabisulphite (SMBS) was added at a concentration of 0.05% to the dextrose-heparin solution used to flush left atrial catheters in one group of open-heart surgery patients. Two other groups of patients had left atrial catheters flushed with dextrose-heparin alone.

A relationship between alcohol intoxication and the disordering of brain membranes by a series of short-chain alcohols.

This study has established a correlation between the hypnotic potencies of aliphatic alcohols and their abilities to disrupt the structure of neuronal membranes in vitro. The hypnotic potency was determined in mice from the ED50 for loss of righting reflex. The alcohol-induced perturbation of mouse brain synaptosomal plasma membranes was measured by a sensitive electron paramagnetic resonance technique.

Mannitol agar for microbiologic diagnosis of bovine mastitis.

A medium containing mannitol (mannitol agar) was developed and evaluated as a tool for the microbiologic diagnosis of bovine mastitis. Mannitol agar supported growth of all important bacterial mastitis pathogens (staphylococci, streptococci, coliforms, and pseudomonads) except Corynebacterium pyogenes. Color change around colonies in the agar permitted the differentiation of pathogenic from nonpathogenic staphylococci.

Treatment of vesicoureteral reflux: point system based on twenty years of experience.

Five hundred girls with recurrent urinary tract infections and documented reflux were seen in our private practice during the last twenty years. All patients received medical treatment for three to forty-eight months (an average of fifteen months) after which the 250 who were not cured were submitted to corrective surgery. The primary reason for antireflux surgery is to protect the kidney from the damaging effect of a combination of high pressure and infection.

Coal science: basic research opportunities.

More fundamental knowledge of coal (knowledge of its structure and its behavior during conversion processes) is essential before we can generate new technologies necessary for the efficient use of coal in the future. Herein are suggested specific basic research opportunities in the areas of coal characterization, gasification, combustion, and liquefaction, along with an assessment of the impact such research programs could have. Critical characterization needs include qualitative and quantitative determination of the chemical forms of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur and reliable methods for the measurement of surface area, pore volume, and weight-average molecular weights.

Phage heterogeneity of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated in the United States and Sweden from bovine milk.

A Swedish bovine and a Dutch human phage set for coagulase-negative staphylococci were used to phage type coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from bovine milk from Minnesota dairy herds. A comparison was also made of the deoxyribonuclease activity of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from bovine milk in Sweden and Minnesota. Of 133 Minnesota isolates, only one could be typed with the Swedish set and one by the Dutch set, whereas of 218 Swedish strains, 49 could be typed with the Swedish set and 7 by the Dutch set.

Myocardial rupture: III. Chamber pressure, rate of distention, and ventricular disruption in isolated hearts.

We have developed an in vitro technique for producing myocardial rupture in lamb hearts, which relates tensile strength to a variety of conditions which can prevail in normal and infarcted human hearts. Retrograde perfusion of saline solution and inflation of the left ventricle was used to apply progressive stress to the left ventricular wall. Three separate sites of myocardial rupture were observed and occurred with the frequency of 54% at the papillary muscle, 30% at the interventricular septum, and 16% at the free wall of the left ventricle.

Treatment of vesicoureteral reflux: point system based on 20 years of experience.

During the last 20 years 500 girls with recurrent urinary tract infection and documented reflux were seen in private practice. All patients received medical treatment for 3 to 48 months (an average of 15 months) after which the 250 who were not cured underwent a corrective operation. The primary reason for an antireflux operation is to protect the kidney from the damaging effect of a combination of high pressure and infection.

Ureterovesicoplasty: selection of patients, incidence and avoidance of complications. A review of 3,527 cases.

The procedure of ureteral reimplantation has certainly come of age. The incidence of complications can be kept low by careful selection of patients for operation along clear and definite guide lines, by close attention to detail in the surgical procedures and by rigorous followup care. When surgical intervention is deemed advisable the expected cure rate should be more than 94%.

Biological and phytochemical investigations of Dianthus barbatus cv. "China Doll" (Caryophyllaceae).

From the aerial parts of Dianthus barbatus cv. "China Doll", two saponins (barbatosides A and B) were isolated and shown to have analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. The aglycone of each saponin was identified as quillaic acid.

The influence of alcohol and tobacco on the components of choice reaction time.

In smokers a low dose of alcohol slightly improved decision time on a choice reaction-time task and in combination with tobacco resulted in significant improvement compared with placebo conditions. In nonsmokers decision time deteriorated significantly after a moderate dose of alcohol but not in smokers. The results are attributed to the stimulant action of a smoking dose of nicotine interacting with low levels of alcohol.