Uptake of COVID-19 vaccinations amongst 3,433,483 children and young people: meta-analysis of UK prospective cohorts.

SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and young people (CYP) can lead to life-threatening COVID-19, transmission within households and schools, and the development of long COVID. Using linked health and administrative data, we investigated vaccine uptake among 3,433,483 CYP aged 5-17 years across all UK nations between 4th August 2021 and 31st May 2022. We constructed national cohorts and undertook multi-state modelling and meta-analysis to identify associations between demographic variables and vaccine uptake.

Risk of COVID-19 death in adults who received booster COVID-19 vaccinations in England.

The emergence of the COVID-19 vaccination has been critical in changing the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. To ensure protection remains high in vulnerable groups booster vaccinations in the UK have been targeted based on age and clinical vulnerabilities. We undertook a national retrospective cohort study using data from the 2021 Census linked to electronic health records.

Risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes after autumn 2022 COVID-19 booster vaccinations: a pooled analysis of national prospective cohort studies involving 7.4 million adults in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

Background: UK COVID-19 vaccination policy has evolved to offering COVID-19 booster doses to individuals at increased risk of severe Illness from COVID-19. Building on our analyses of vaccine effectiveness of first, second and initial booster doses, we aimed to identify individuals at increased risk of severe outcomes (i.e.

Investigating the impact of an online hydration intervention in care homes using the COM-B model: a mixed methods study.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a serious threat to public health. To reduce antimicrobial resistance, interventions to reduce gram-negative infections, specifically urinary tract infections, are vital. Early evidence suggests increased fluid intake is linked with a reduction in UTIs and subsequently has potential to reduce antibiotic usage.

Using the COM-B framework to elucidate facilitators and barriers to COVID-19 vaccine uptake in pregnant women: a qualitative study.

Since April 2021, COVID-19 vaccines have been recommended for pregnant women. Despite this, COVID-19 vaccine uptake in this group is low compared to the non-pregnant population of childbearing age. Our aim was to understand barriers and facilitators to COVID-19 vaccine uptake among pregnant women in Northern Ireland using the COM-B framework, and so to make recommendations for public health interventions.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on antibiotic consumption and prevalence of pathogens in primary and secondary healthcare settings in Northern Ireland.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the patterns of antimicrobial use and the incidence of pathogens in primary and secondary healthcare settings in Northern Ireland.

Methods: Data were collected on antibiotic use and Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens from primary and secondary healthcare settings in Northern Ireland for the period before (January 2015-March 2020) and during (April 2020-December 2021) the pandemic. Time series intervention analysis methods were utilized.

How public health authorities can use pathogen genomics in health protection practice: a consensus-building Delphi study conducted in the United Kingdom.

Pathogen sequencing guided understanding of SARS-CoV-2 evolution during the COVID-19 pandemic. Many health systems developed pathogen genomics services to monitor SARS-CoV-2. There are no agreed guidelines about how pathogen genomic information should be used in public health practice.

Identifying pre-existing conditions and multimorbidity patterns associated with in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19.

We investigated the association between a wide range of comorbidities and COVID-19 in-hospital mortality and assessed the influence of multi morbidity on the risk of COVID-19-related death using a large, regional cohort of 6036 hospitalized patients. This retrospective cohort study was conducted using Patient Administration System Admissions and Discharges data. The International Classification of Diseases 10th edition (ICD-10) diagnosis codes were used to identify common comorbidities and the outcome measure.

Do interviewer attitudes to data linkage influence respondents' consent to linkage? Analysis of Understanding Society.

Background: Variable consent rates threaten the validity of linked datasets. One modifiable element is the interviewer-respondent relationship. We examine interviewer attitudes to consent to linkage and the effect on respondent consent.

Individual risk factors and critical care unit effects on Invasive Candida Infection occurring in critical care units in the UK: A multilevel model.

Geographical variation is observed in invasive candida infection (ICI) and differences between critical care units (CCUs) may contribute. To examine rates, risk factors and individual and unit-level variation of ICI in UK CCUs. Data from the Fungal Infection Risk Evaluation Study was used to examine individuals admitted to 96 CCUs in the UK; July 2009-March 2011.

Changing epidemiology of Pneumocystis pneumonia, Northern Ireland, UK and implications for prevention, 1 July 2011-31 July 2012.

Purpose: There is a lack of consensus about which non-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patient groups would benefit from prophylaxis. Here, we analysed an enhanced Pneumocystis jirovecii database to describe the epidemiology of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) and P. jirovecii colonizations in Northern Ireland (NI) with a view to identifying risk groups who may benefit from prophylaxis.

Serious pneumococcal disease outbreak in men exposed to metal fume - detection, response and future prevention through pneumococcal vaccination.

Welders and those exposed to metal fume are known to be at increased risk of pneumococcal pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease. Current UK guidance recommends that vaccination against pneumococcus be considered in those at risk of frequent or continuous occupational exposure to metal fume, taking into account the exposure control measures in place. We report an outbreak of serious pneumococcal disease that occurred between April and June 2015 among a multinational workforce exposed to metal fumes while working on the refurbishment of an oil rig in a Belfast shipyard.

Large panel-survey data demonstrated country-level and ethnic minority variation in consent for health record linkage.

Objectives: To investigate individual, household, and country variation in consent to health record linkage.

Study Design And Setting: Data from 50,994 individuals aged 16-74 years recruited to wave 1 of a large UK general purpose household survey (January 2009-December 2010) were analyzed using multilevel logistic regression models.

Results: Overall, 70.

The relationship between BMI and the prescription of anti-obesity medication according to social factors: a population cross sectional study.

Background: Obesity is a global public health problem. There are a range of treatments available with varying short and long term success rates. One option is the use of anti-obesity medication the prescription of which has increased dramatically in recent years.

Prescribing for weight loss in primary care: evidence from a population based study.

Background: Taking antiobesity medication can be a cost effective way to lose weight. Uptake is determined in part by a General Practitioner's decision to prescribe weight loss medication and, in part, by patient preference. It is probable that the latter may indicate a patient's readiness to lose weight.