Interaction of the Large Host Q[10] with Metal Polypyridyl Complexes: Binding Modes and Effects on Luminescence.

Aqueous solution state host-guest systems have been studied, comprising the large host cucurbit[10]uril with luminescent cationic tris(polypyridyl) (PP) metal complexes [Ru(PP)] and [Ir(PP)]. All complexes bind strongly with the host, with the overall complex charge and size having a minor effect on affinity but influencing the association dynamics and contribution from higher-order (1:2) host-guest species. The 1:2 species contributes more significantly to the binding equilibrium in the case of [Ru(phen)].

Modelling the luminescence of iridium cyclometalated complexes encapsulated in cucurbituril.

Iridium(iii) cyclometalated complexes in aqueous solution often display relatively weak luminescence. It has been shown in previous work that this emission can be significantly enhanced (by up to two orders of magnitude) by encapsulation in cucurbit[10]uril (Q[10]). Luminescence lifetime measurements suggest a dynamic self-quenching mechanism is active, possibly due to displacement of an excited guest complex via collision with an unbound complex.

Encapsulation of Mitoxantrone within Cucurbit[8]uril Decreases Toxicity and Enhances Survival in a Mouse Model of Cancer.

Mitoxantrone was efficiently encapsulated within cucurbit[8]uril in a 2:1 complex where the two mitoxantrone molecules were symmetrically located through both portals of a cucurbit[8]uril cage. The novel complex facilitates increased mitoxantrone uptake in mouse breast cancer cells and decreases the toxicity of the drug in healthy mice. In an orthotopic mouse model of metastatic breast cancer the complex still maintains anticancer activity compared to the free drug, yet provides a statistically significant increase in the survival of these mice compared to conventional mitoxantrone treatment.

Iridium Cyclometalated Complexes in Host-Guest Chemistry: A Strategy for Maximizing Quantum Yield in Aqueous Media.

The weaker emission typically seen for iridium(III) cyclometalated complexes in aqueous medium can be reversed via encapsulation in cucurbit[10]uril (Q[10]). The Q[10] cavity is shown to effectively maximize quantum yields for the complexes, compared to any other medium. This may provide significant advantages for a number of sensor applications.

Rapid degradation of cyclic peroxides by titanium and antimony chlorides.

First responders face extraordinary risks when dealing with organic peroxides such as TATP due to the extreme sensitivity of this class of explosives, and to a lack of a robust chemical means of safe and rapid neutralisation. The Lewis acids TiCl4 and SbCl3 have been found to demonstrate a novel degradation mechanism, with TiCl4 degrading a model cyclic peroxide in minutes when used in a two-fold excess, or ∼3 hours at half equivalence. The products cannot re-form peroxide compounds as is the case with acid degradation, suggesting the two mechanisms are fundamentally different.

Tri- and tetra-nuclear polypyridyl ruthenium(II) complexes as antimicrobial agents.

A series of inert tri- and tetra-nuclear polypyridylruthenium(II) complexes that are linked by the bis[4(4'-methyl-2,2'-bipyridyl)]-1,n-alkane ligand ("bb(n)" for n = 10, 12 and 16) have been synthesised and their potential as antimicrobial agents examined. Due to the modular nature of the synthesis of the oligonuclear complexes, it was possible to make both linear and non-linear tetranuclear ruthenium species. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the ruthenium(II) complexes were determined against four strains of bacteria--Gram positive Staphylococcus aureus (S.

Cyclic pentanone peroxide: sensitiveness and suitability as a model for triacetone triperoxide.

Research to counter the threat of organic peroxides such as triacetone triperoxide (TATP) is at times hampered by their inherent extreme sensitiveness and volatility. This work describes an approach to lowering some risks associated with the handling of TATP in the laboratory through the use of an analog species, tripentanone triperoxide (TPTP). Sensitiveness has been tested via standard methods.

Strong enhancement of luminescence from an iridium polypyridyl complex via encapsulation in cucurbituril.

An exceptional, temperature-dependent enhancement of luminescence is reported upon encapsulation of an iridium(III) polypyridyl complex in cucurbit[10]uril (Q[10]). This is the first demonstrated example of a luminescent transition metal complex occupying the Q[10] cavity with this type of differential response.

Chlorido-containing ruthenium(II) and iridium(III) complexes as antimicrobial agents.

A series of polypyridyl-ruthenium(II) and -iridium(III) complexes that contain labile chlorido ligands, [{M(tpy)Cl}(2){μ-bb(n)}](2/4+) {Cl-Mbb(n); where M = Ru or Ir; tpy = 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine; and bb(n) = bis[4(4'-methyl-2,2'-bipyridyl)]-1,n-alkane (n = 7, 12 or 16)} have been synthesised and their potential as antimicrobial agents examined. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of the series of metal complexes against four strains of bacteria - Gram positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and methicillin-resistant S.

Succession planning in an academic medical center nursing service.

Succession planning is of strategic importance in any industry. It ensures the smooth transition from leader to leader and the ability of the organization to maintain the forward momentum as well as meet its operational and financial goals. Health care and nursing are no exception.

Cucurbit[10]uril binding of dinuclear platinum(II) and ruthenium(II) complexes: association/dissociation rates from seconds to hours.

A simpler method for the purification of cucurbit[10]uril (Q[10]) from the Q[10].Q[5] inclusion complex is reported. 1,12-Diaminododecane was used to displace Q[5], as opposed to the synthetic melamine derivative currently used.

Electrochemical method applicable to treatment of wastewater from nitrotriazolone production.

Laboratory studies show that electrochemical oxidation of acidic nitrotriazolone (NTO) solutions results in complete mineralization, with ammonium nitrate as the only solution product Other products (carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and nitrous oxide) are eliminated as gases from the working electrode. No additional chemical loading is required for the process, and electricity isthe only input The process maytherefore represent a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method of remediation for wastewater from NTO manufacture. Electrolyses were carried out at different applied voltages and at NTO concentrations of 0.

Electrochemical remediation produces a new high-nitrogen compound from NTO wastewaters.

A new high-nitrogen molecule, identified as azoxytriazolone (AZTO), has been generated in high yield by electroreduction of acidic aqueous solutions of nitrotriazolone (NTO). The near-quantitative conversion appears to be driven by the low solubility of the product. AZTO precipitates readily, leaving the solution virtually free of organic material, and the process may therefore present an efficient and productive remediation method for wastewater from NTO manufacture.