Indigenous knowledge around the ethics of human research from the Oceania region: A scoping literature review.

Background: Many indigenous people have died or been harmed because of inadequately monitored research. Strong regulations in Human Research Ethics (HRE) are required to address these injustices and to ensure that peoples' participation in health research is safe. Indigenous peoples advocate that research that respects indigenous principles can contribute to addressing their health inequities.

Exploring implicit bias in the perceived consequences of prematurity amongst health care providers in North Queensland - a constructivist grounded theory study.

Background: A study was done to explore the attitudes of relevant health care professionals (HCP) towards the provision of intensive care for periviable and extremely premature babies.

Methods/design: Applying a constructivist grounded theory methodology, HCP were interviewed about their attitudes towards the provision of resuscitation and intensive care for extremely premature babies. These babies are at increased risk of death and neurodisability when compared to babies of older gestations.

Negativity about the outcomes of extreme prematurity a persistent problem - a survey of health care professionals across the North Queensland region.

Background: Extremely preterm babies are at risk of significant mortality and morbidity due to their physiological immaturity. At periviable gestations decisions may be made to either provide resuscitation and intensive care or palliation based on assessment of the outlook for the baby and the parental preferences. Health care professionals (HCP) who counsel parents will influence decision making depending on their individual perceptions of the outcome for the baby.

Factors Contributing to the Preferred Method of Feeding in End-Stage Dementia: A Scoping Review.

Dementia is reported to be the overall fourth leading non-communicable cause of death, and accounted for almost two million deaths worldwide (3.5% of the total number) in 2016. Dysphagia and aspiration pneumonia secondary to dementia are the two most serious comorbidities.

Perspectives of time: a qualitative study of the experiences of parents of critically ill newborns in the neonatal nursery in North Queensland interviewed several years after the admission.

Design: A qualitative study informed by grounded theory principles to explore the experiences of parents who had extremely preterm or babies with antenatally diagnosed life-threatening diagnoses who were cared for in a regional tertiary neonatal unit. The study was conducted when the child was old enough to be diagnosed with long-term neurodevelopmental or medical sequelae.

Setting: North Queensland is a large area in Eastern Australia of 500 000 km, which is served by one tertiary neonatal unit.

Adequacy of antenatal steroids, rather than place of birth, determines survival to discharge in extreme prematurity in North Queensland.

Aim: The Townsville Hospital cares for babies in a large geographical area, many of who are outborn, are of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin and have families who reside in areas of deprivation. This study examined the outcomes of babies born at all locations in North Queensland to assess the predictors of poor outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective observational study examined the survival of 313 babies born from 22 completed weeks gestation to 27 + 6 weeks gestation in North Queensland between January 2010 and December 2016.

Angiopoietin-2 attenuates angiotensin II-induced aortic aneurysm and atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.

Angiogenesis and inflammation are implicated in aortic aneurysm and atherosclerosis and regulated by angiopoietin-2 (Angpt2). The effect of Angpt2 administration on experimental aortic aneurysm and atherosclerosis was examined. Six-month-old male apolipoprotein E deficient (ApoE) mice were infused with angiotensin II (AngII) and administered subcutaneous human Fc-protein (control) or recombinant Angpt2 (rAngpt2) over 14 days.

Factors influencing the care provided for periviable babies in Australia: a narrative review.

Survival at extreme prematurity is becoming increasingly common. Neurodisability is an increasing risk with decreasing gestation. This review outlines the risks of extreme prematurity and the attitudes of health care providers and families in Australia of periviable babies.

Urocortin 2 is associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm and mediates anti-proliferative effects on vascular smooth muscle cells via corticotrophin releasing factor receptor 2.

AAA (abdominal aortic aneurysm) is an important cause of sudden death in older adults, but there is no current effective drug therapy for this disease. The UCNs (urocortins1-3) and their receptors: CRFR (corticotrophin-releasing factor receptor)-1 and -2 have been implicated in various CVDs (cardiovascular diseases). We assessed the relative expression of UCN1-3 in AAA by qRT-PCR (quantitative reverse transcription-PCR) and ELISA, and examined in vitro how UCN2 affects human aortic VSMC (vascular smooth muscle cell) Akt phosphorylation, pro-inflammatory cytokine IL (interleukin)-6 secretion, proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis.

Relevance of urocortins to cardiovascular disease.

Acquired cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, peripheral artery disease and related vascular problems contribute to more than one-third of worldwide morbidity and mortality. In many instances, particularly in the under developed world, cardiovascular diseases are diagnosed at a late stage limiting the scope for improving outcomes. A range of therapies already exist for established cardiovascular disease, although there is significant interest in further understanding disease pathogenesis in order to improve diagnosis and achieve primary and secondary therapeutic goals.