Detection and modeling of Staphylococcus aureus and fecal bacteria in Hawaiian coastal waters and sands.

Microbial pollution of recreational waters leads to millions of skin, respiratory, and gastrointestinal illnesses globally. Fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) are monitored to assess recreational waters but may not reflect the presence of Staphylococcus aureus, a global leader in bacterial fatalities. Since many community-acquired S.

Disclosing Recovery: A pilot randomized controlled trial of a patient decision aid to improve disclosure processes for people in treatment for opioid use disorder.

Introduction: People engaged in treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD) report struggling with whether and how to disclose, or share information about their OUD history and/or treatment with others. Yet, disclosure can act as a gateway to re-establishing social connection and support during recovery. The current study describes a pilot randomized controlled trial of Disclosing Recovery: A Decision Aid and Toolkit, a patient decision aid designed to facilitate disclosure decisions and build disclosure skills.

Disclosure processes as predictors of relationship outcomes among people in recovery from opioid use disorder: A longitudinal analysis.

Background: Personal disclosure of opioid use disorder (OUD) recovery can lead to relationship outcomes such as social support, which is associated with greater treatment retention, or stigma, which is associated with risk of treatment dropout. Although disclosure may have important impacts on the relationships and ensuing recovery trajectories of people with OUD, disclosure processes remain understudied in the context of OUD.

Methods: Guided by the Disclosure Process Model, this longitudinal study explored the disclosure goals of people in treatment for OUD and examined associations between disclosure goals and relationship outcomes.

COVID-19 restrictions: experiences of immigrant parents in Toronto.

Parenting is a demanding undertaking, requiring continuous vigilance to ensure children's emotional, physical, and spiritual well-being. It has become even more challenging in the context of COVID-19 restrictions that have led to drastic changes in family life. Based on the results of a qualitative interpretive descriptive study that aimed to understand the experiences of immigrants living in apartment buildings in the Greater Toronto Area, Ontario, Canada, this paper reports the experiences of 50 immigrant parents.

A quality improvement project decreases incidence of pulmonary embolism following arthroplasty.

Objective: To develop a quality improvement initiative to reduce the incidence of pulmonary embolism (PE) following elective lower extremity joint replacement surgery.

Methods: 866 Patients undergoing a total knee or total or partial hip replacement surgery at a from 2014 to 2016 were included in this prospective pre-post interventional study.

Results: There were 13 PE's before the intervention and 2 after the intervention.

Serial Multimodality Imaging and 2-Year Clinical Outcomes of the Novel DESolve Novolimus-Eluting Bioresorbable Coronary Scaffold System for the Treatment of Single De Novo Coronary Lesions.

Objectives: This study sought to report the late multimodality imaging and clinical outcomes of the novel poly-l-lactic-acid-based DESolve novolimus-eluting bioresorbable coronary scaffold for the treatment of de novo coronary lesions.

Background: Bioresorbable scaffolds are an alternative to drug-eluting metallic stents and provide temporary vascular scaffolding, which potentially may allow vessel restoration and reduce the risk of future adverse events.

Methods: Overall, 126 patients were enrolled at 13 international sites between November 2011 and June 2012.

DESyne novolimus-eluting coronary stent is superior to Endeavor zotarolimus-eluting coronary stent at five-year follow-up: final results of the multicentre EXCELLA II randomised controlled trial.

Aims: Newer-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) have been shown to be superior to first-generation DES. Current-generation DES have zotarolimus, everolimus or biolimus as antiproliferative drugs. Novolimus, a metabolite of sirolimus, has been specifically developed to provide efficacy similar to currently available agents at a lower dose and thus requires a lower polymer load.

A next-generation bioresorbable coronary scaffold system: from bench to first clinical evaluation: 6- and 12-month clinical and multimodality imaging results.

Objectives: This study sought to perform clinical and imaging assessments of the DESolve Bioresorbable Coronary Scaffold (BCS).

Background: BCS, which is drug eluting, may have potential advantages compared with conventional metallic drug-eluting stents. The DESolve system, designed to provide vessel support and neointimal suppression, combines a poly-l-lactic acid-based scaffold with the antiproliferative myolimus.

Voices from the Hilo Women's Health Study: talking story about menopause.

Our purpose in conducting this qualitative study was to examine how a multiethnic sample of women living in Hilo, Hawai'i, describe menopause. Interviews were conducted with 185 pre-, peri-, and post-menopausal women aged 45 to 55. We found that pre-menopausal women felt anxious compared with peri- and post-menopausal women's more affirmative attitudes of increasing confidence and freedom in this new cycle of life.

Age at menopause and determinants of hysterectomy and menopause in a multi-ethnic community: the Hilo Women's Health Study.

Objectives: A lifespan approach was used to evaluate age at menopause, and determinants of surgical and natural menopause, in the multi-ethnic community of Hilo, Hawaii.

Study Design: Participants aged 40-60 years (n=898) were drawn from a larger, randomly generated sample recruited by postal questionnaires. Median age at natural menopause was computed by probit analysis.

Ambulatory blood pressure and blood lipids in a multiethnic sample of healthy adults.

Objectives: Elevated blood pressure (BP), elevated serum cholesterol, and aberrant lipoprotein fractions (low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and high levels of low-density lipoprotein fractions and triglycerides) have all been used as measures that assess the "metabolic syndrome" and more recently in indexes of allostatic load, which are designed to assess the degree of integrated metabolic pathology. While there are ample data regarding the interrelationships of these measures in various pathophysiological settings, there are limited data regarding the interrelationship of ambulatory BP (ABP) and blood lipids in healthy subjects. The present study evaluates ABP-blood lipid relationships in a multiethnic sample of healthy adults.

Prevalence and determinants of headaches in Hawaii: the Hilo Women's Health Study.

Background: Headache frequency has been associated with ethnicity, menopause, abdominal obesity and stress.

Aim: To examine the prevalence and determinants of headaches in the multi-ethnic community of Hilo, Hawaii.

Subjects And Methods: A random sample of 1824 women aged 16-100 was recruited by postal survey; 206 women aged 45-55 were recruited for clinical measures.

Relationship between hot flashes and ambulatory blood pressure: the Hilo women's health study.

Objectives: To examine ambulatory blood pressure (BP) differences between women who report hot flashes (HFs) and those who do not, and to observe whether an objectively measured HF is associated with transient changes in BP. HFs have been associated with elevated BP, but studies have not examined the relationship between objectively measured HFs and blood pressure during normal daily activities.

Methods: A sample of 202 women in Hilo, Hawaii, aged 45 to 55 years, were asked to fill out a questionnaire that included demographic information and an inventory of symptoms.

Relationships between menstrual and menopausal attitudes and associated demographic and health characteristics: the Hilo Women's Health Study.

The objective of this study was to examine the relation of menstrual attitudes to menopausal attitudes and the demographic and health characteristics associated with each. This cross-sectional study consisted of a randomly selected sample of 1,824 respondents aged 16 to 100 years in multi-ethnic Hilo, Hawai'i. Women completed questionnaires for demographic and health information, such as age, ethnicity, education, residency in Hawai'i, menopausal status, exercise, and attitudes toward menstruation and menopause.

Diurnal rhythm and concordance between objective and subjective hot flashes: the Hilo Women's Health Study.

Objective: The aims of this study were to test for a diurnal pattern in hot flashes in a multiethnic population living in a hot, humid environment and to examine the rates of concordance between objective and subjective measures of hot flashes using ambulatory and laboratory measures.

Methods: Study participants aged 45 to 55 years were recruited from the general population of Hilo, HI. Women wore a Biolog hot flash monitor (UFI, Morro Bay, CA), kept a diary for 24 hours, and also participated in 3-hour laboratory measures (n = 199).

Women's attitudes about menstruation and associated health and behavioral characteristics.

Objective: To examine the relationships between attitudes towards menstruation, health, and behavioral characteristics.

Methods: The 136 women who completed questionnaires varied in their sexual activity, sexual orientation, and use of hormonal contraception.

Results: Women's estimated cycle length was accurate when compared to observed cycle length (F (3,156) = .

Do Japanese American women really have fewer hot flashes than European Americans? The Hilo Women's Health Study.

Objective: Many studies have found a significantly lower frequency of reported hot flashes (HFs) in Japanese and Japanese American (JA) populations, leading to speculation about possible dietary, genetic, or cultural differences. These studies have relied on subjective reports of HFs. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to compare both reported and objective HFs measured by sternal and nuchal skin conductance among JA and European American (EA) women.

Determinants of infant-feeding choice among young women in Hilo, Hawaii.

Our multicultural island community is unique in that many young mothers live in multigenerational households. In this qualitative study, we examined the factors that influenced young mothers' infant-feeding practices in Hilo, a small rural town in the Hawaiian Islands. The study participants consisted of young mothers, health care professionals, and educators.

Well-being, sleep, exercise patterns, and the menstrual cycle: a comparison of natural hormones, oral contraceptives and depo-provera.

Overall well-being, sleep and exercise patterns were investigated in women between the ages of 18 and 36 years with natural hormone profiles (n = 12), and women using oral contraceptives (n = 12) or Depo-Provera (n = 12) from January 18, 2005 to December 7, 2005. Daily questionnaires on the above variables were obtained across 3 menstrual cycles (108 cycles). Women using hormonal contraception reported more overall negative well-being than women with natural hormone profiles (p = .

The menstrual cycle and sexual behavior: relationship to eating, exercise, sleep, and health patterns.

Patterns of eating, exercise, sleep, and health were investigated across 180 menstrual cycles of 89 women who engaged in sex with a male (n = 45; cycles = 85), a female (n = 21; cycles = 37), or abstained from sex (n = 33; cycles = 58) from January 2005 to December 2007 (10 contributed to 2 groups). Cycles were divided into 5 phases based on their luteinizing hormone surges. Daily questionnaires and saliva for IgA and cortisol analyses were obtained.

Age-related differences in health complaints: the Hilo women's health study.

The purpose of this study was to determine the age distribution of health-related complaints and symptom groupings from a random postal survey carried out in the multi-ethnic city of Hilo, Hawaii. Symptom frequencies and factor analyses were compared across three age categories: < 40 (32%), 40-60 (48%), and > 60 years (19%), (n = 1,796). Younger women were most likely to report headaches, menstrual complaints, irritability, and mood swings.

Vasomotor symptoms among Japanese-American and European-American women living in Hilo, Hawaii.

Objective: The Hilo Women's Health Survey was designed and administered to gather baseline data on women's health in Hilo, HI. This randomized, cross-sectional study allowed for a focus on ethnic differences in symptom reporting. The results presented here focus on hot flash and night sweat experience among Japanese-American and European-American women.

Outcome of subscapularis muscle release for shoulder contracture secondary to brachial plexus palsy at birth.

Children with unresolved brachial plexus palsy frequently develop a disabling internal rotation contracture of the shoulder. Several surgical options, including soft tissue procedures such as muscle releases and/or transfers, and bone operations such as humeral osteotomy are available to correct this deformity. This study describes the effect of subscapularis muscle release performed in isolation.

'It's in the nature of men': women's perception of risk for HIV/AIDS in Chiang Mai, Thailand.

The paper examines the context of women's risk for HIV by assessing men's and women's sexual behaviour, attitudes towards sex work, and perception of risk for HIV in the city of Chiang Mai, Thailand. The findings are based on data collected in the mid-1990s, at the height of the epidemic. A range of significant issues were highlighted by the men and women who participated in this study.