Use of telemedicine for trauma care since the Russian invasion of Ukraine: A qualitative assessment.

Introduction: Ukraine's health and trauma system has been detrimentally impacted since the start of the Russian invasion in February 2022. Use of telemedicine became critical to providing timely medical care. As such, the aim of this study was to describe telemedicine's use in the health and trauma system of Ukraine following the full-scale invasion.

A qualitative assessment of Ukraine's trauma system during the Russian conflict: experiences of volunteer healthcare providers.

Background: The Russian Federation's invasion of Ukraine is characterized by indiscriminate attacks on civilian infrastructure, including hospitals and clinics that have devastated the Ukrainian health system putting trauma care at risk. International healthcare providers responded to the need for help with the increasing numbers of trauma patients. We aimed to describe their experiences during the conflict to explore the gaps in systems and care for trauma patients to refine the Global Trauma System Evaluation Tool (G-TSET) tool.

What is the appropriate antimicrobial use surveillance tool at the health facility level for Uganda and other low- and middle-income countries?

Background: An appropriate antimicrobial use (AMU) surveillance system provides critical data and evidence on which antimicrobial stewardship interventions are based. However, Uganda and most other low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) lack efficient systems for monitoring AMU due to unique health system challenges.

Methods: We reviewed the key tools available for AMU surveillance in health facilities.

Overlooked sex and gender aspects of emerging infectious disease outbreaks: Lessons learned from COVID-19 to move towards health equity in pandemic response.

Sex and gender issues are especially important in emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) but are routinely overlooked despite data and practice. Each of these have an effect either directly, the effects on vulnerability to infectious diseases, exposures to infectious pathogens, and responses to illness, and indirectly through effects on disease prevention and control programs. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the viral agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has underscored the importance of understanding the sex and gender impacts on pandemics.

Point Prevalence Survey of Antibiotic Use across 13 Hospitals in Uganda.

Standardized monitoring of antibiotic use underpins the effective implementation of antimicrobial stewardship interventions in combatting antimicrobial resistance (AMR). To date, few studies have assessed antibiotic use in hospitals in Uganda to identify gaps that require intervention. This study applied the World Health Organization's standardized point prevalence survey methodology to assess antibiotic use in 13 public and private not-for-profit hospitals across the country.

Mixed-methods assessment of health and mental health characteristics and barriers to healthcare for Ebola survivors in Beni, Butembo and Katwa health zones of the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Objectives: Health and mental health characteristics of all respondents, barriers to accessing health and mental health services and the characteristics and those most at risk for mental health disorders.

Setting: Beni, Butembo and Katwa health zones in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

Participants: The sample contained 223 Ebola survivors, 102 sexual partners and 74 comparison respondents living in the same areas of the survivors.

The USU Global Health Distance Learning Program: An International Educational Consortium for Global Health Engagement.

USU's Global Health Distance Learning Program has successfully enrolled over 400 students from all four services spread across six continents. British and Australian military physicians have joined as international partners, and the program now invites additional international, as well as USG interagency and war college partnerships. The program should also be employed as a tool for global health engagement itself.

A mixed methods assessment of barriers to maternal, newborn and child health in gogrial west, south Sudan.

Background: Health conditions for mothers, newborns, and children in South Sudan are among the worst worldwide. South Sudan has the highest rate of maternal mortality in the world and despite alarming statistics, few women and children in South Sudan have access to needed healthcare, especially in rural areas. The purpose of this study was to understand the barriers to maternal, newborn and child health in Gogrial West, Warrap State, South Sudan, one of the most underdeveloped states.

A national population-based assessment of 2007-2008 election-related violence in Kenya.

Background: Following the contested national elections in 2007, violence occurred throughout Kenya. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence, characteristics, and health consequences of the 2007-2008 election-related violence.

Methods: A cross-sectional, national, population-based cluster survey of 956 Kenyan adults aged ≥ 18 years was conducted in Kenya in September 2011 utilizing a two-stage 90 x 10 cluster sample design and structured interviews and questionnaires.

A mixed-methods assessment of sexual and gender-based violence in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo to inform national and international strategy implementation.

Context: National and international strategies were implemented in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) to address sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV).

Objectives: The objective was to assess community attitudes of SGBV and health facility capacity to address SGBV in eastern DRC.

Design And Setting: The design and setting are as follows: a cross-sectional, population-based cluster survey of 998 adults in eastern DRC territories, a convenience sample of 27 adults using semi-structured directed interviews, qualitative data from 37 focus groups conducted in three health zones, assessment of 64 health facilities and a comparative analysis of SGBV strategies.

Association of sexual violence and human rights violations with physical and mental health in territories of the Eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Context: Studies from the Eastern Region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) have provided anecdotal reports of sexual violence. This study offers a population-based assessment of the prevalence of sexual violence and human rights abuses in specific territories within Eastern DRC.

Objective: To assess the prevalence of and correlations with sexual violence and human rights violations on residents of specific territories of Eastern DRC including information on basic needs, health care access, and physical and mental health.

Involvement of the US Department of Defense in Civilian Assistance, Part I: a quantitative description of the projects funded by the Overseas Humanitarian, Disaster, and Civic Aid Program.

Objectives: To review the history and goals of the US Department of Defense's largest civilian assistance program, the Overseas Humanitarian, Disaster and Civic Aid Program and to describe the number, geographic regions, years, key words, countries, and types of projects carried out under this program since 2001.

Methods: Using the program's central database, we reviewed all approved projects since 2001 and tabulated them by year, combatant command, country, and key word. We also reviewed the project descriptions of projects funded between January 1, 2006, and February 9, 2008, and examined how their activities varied by combatant command and year.

Humanitarian assistance and disaster relief: changing the face of defense.

The US Department of Defense (DOD) is evolving to meet new security challenges in the twenty-first century. Today's challenges result from growing political, environmental, and economic instability in important areas of the globe that threaten national and global security. Immediate outreach to foreign nations in times of violent instability or natural disaster fosters security and stability both for the affected country and for the United States.

Increased gender-based violence among women internally displaced in Mississippi 2 years post-Hurricane Katrina.

Objectives: Although different types of gender-based violence (GBV) have been documented in disaster-affected populations, no studies have documented a quantitative increase in rates of GBV among populations living in protracted displacement after a disaster. We aimed to assess the change in rates of GBV after Hurricane Katrina among internally displaced people (IDPs) living in travel trailer parks in Mississippi.

Methods: The study design included successive cross-sectional randomized surveys, conducted in 2006 and 2007, among IDPs in Mississippi using a structured questionnaire.

Using mental health indicators to identify postdisaster gender-based violence among women displaced by Hurricane Katrina.

Objective: Assessment of gender-based violence (GBV) among internally displaced persons (IDPs) is at best difficult. In complex humanitarian disasters, GBV inquiry can sometimes be dangerous and may lead to underestimation of the true prevalence. We developed a method of identifying women who have greater odds of having been exposed to postdisaster GBV (PDGBV) using mental health indicators.

Access to care among displaced Mississippi residents in FEMA travel trailer parks two years after Katrina.

The health care needs of Gulf Coast residents displaced by Hurricane Katrina in 2005 who remain in travel trailer parks nearly three years later have not been evaluated. We conducted a population-based assessment of the health care access of residents of these travel trailer parks in Mississippi. Our findings indicate a worsening of chronic disease, mental illness, and barriers to health care access since displacement.

Evaluation of an interactive electronic health education tool in rural Afghanistan.

Introduction: Low education levels may limit community-based health worker (CHW) efforts in rural Afghanistan. In 2004, LeapFrog Enterprises and the United States Department of Health and Human Services developed the Afghan Family Health Book (AFHB), an interactive, electronic picture book, to communicate public health messages in rural Afghanistan. Changes in health knowledge among households exposed to the AFHB vs.

Association of combatant status and sexual violence with health and mental health outcomes in postconflict Liberia.

Context: Liberia's wars since 1989 have cost tens of thousands of lives and left many people mentally and physically traumatized.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence and impact of war-related psychosocial trauma, including information on participation in the Liberian civil wars, exposure to sexual violence, social functioning, and mental health.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A cross-sectional, population-based, multistage random cluster survey of 1666 adults aged 18 years or older using structured interviews and questionnaires, conducted during a 3-week period in May 2008 in Liberia.

Health status among internally displaced persons in Louisiana and Mississippi travel trailer parks.

Study Objective: We used a global humanitarian aid perspective to assess basic needs, women's health, mental health, and opinions about the status of internally displaced persons living in travel trailer parks to inform recovery efforts for this population.

Methods: This was a systematic randomized survey of 366 internally displaced persons, conducted with structured questionnaires. The study setting was commercial and group travel trailer parks in Louisiana and Mississippi.