Co-Design Model of Support for Child and Family Health Nurse Practice with Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Families.

Culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) mothers with young children face multiple inequities in accessing primary health services, such as language barriers, social isolation, low health literacy, and the availability of appropriate interpretation services. These inequities are persistent and indicate that child and family health nurse (CFHN) services, the providers of primary healthcare in many developed countries, require better support to address the needs of these families. This study engaged with CFHNs and healthcare interpreters to co-design a model of support for practice using workshops that included individual and collective brainstorming and visual representations.

The Impact of Positive and Adverse Experiences in Adolescence on Health and Wellbeing Outcomes in Early Adulthood.

This study evaluated the associations between positive and adverse experiences and environments in adolescence and health, education and employment outcomes in early adulthood. Data were extracted from the Longitudinal Studies of Australian Youth cohort that commenced in 2003. The items were conceptually mapped to Positive and Adverse Youth Experiences and environments (PYEs and AYEs) at 15, 16 and 17 years old and outcomes at 25 years old.

Translating 'proportionate universal healthcare' into meaningful system design to optimize equity in child and family services.

Aim: To conduct a child and family health nursing service redesign to improve pathways of access, response and outcomes for all families with children aged 0-5 years.

Design: The study was conducted as an iterative, mixed-method study of the process and impact of the service redesign, informed by a participatory action research paradigm and the NSW Agency for Clinical Innovation process for developing a model of care.

Methods: Diagnostic, solution design, implementation and sustainability phases were undertaken.

Indian immigrants' constructions of mental health and mental illness in the perinatal period: A qualitative study.

Aim: The aim of this study is to explore how immigrant women and men from India construct mental health and mental illness in the perinatal period.

Design: Qualitative interpretive design.

Methods: Data were collected by conducting in-depth interviews with 19 participants.

Feasibility of linking universal child and family healthcare and financial counselling: findings from the Australian Healthier Wealthier Families (HWF) mixed-methods study.

Objectives: 'Healthier Wealthier Families' (HWF) seeks to reduce financial hardship in the early years by embedding a referral pathway between Australia's universal child and family health (CFH) services and financial counselling. This pilot study investigated the feasibility and short-term impacts of HWF, adapted from a successful Scottish initiative.

Methods: Setting: CFH services in five sites across two states, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Embedding nurse home visiting in universal healthcare: 6-year follow-up of a randomised trial.

Objective: Nurse home visiting (NHV) is designed to redress child and maternal health inequities. Of the previous trials to investigate NHV benefits beyond preschool, none were designed for populations with universal healthcare. To address this evidence gap, we investigated whether the Australian 'right@home' NHV programme improved child and maternal outcomes when children turned 6 and started school.

'Everything's adaptable': A qualitative study of how nurses make decisions in sustained home-visiting care with mothers and children experiencing adversity.

Aims: To explore nurse decision-making processes in the delivery of sustained home-visiting care for mothers of young children who are experiencing adversity.

Design: Qualitative descriptive research design using focus group interviews.

Methods: Thirty-two home-visiting nurses participated in four focus group interviews exploring their decision-making in the care they provide to families.

Having to manage: culturally and linguistically diverse mothers' lived experiences with sustained nurse home visiting programs.

Background: Culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) mothers with young children with limited English proficiency (LEP) encounter multiple barriers in accessing and engaging with primary healthcare services. The aim of this study was to explore the lived experiences and perceptions of CALD mothers with LEP in receiving child and family health nursing (CFHN) services and sustained nurse home visiting (SNHV) programs.

Methods: Fourteen mothers were interviewed from two large Local Health Districts in Sydney.

"You do need to do the interaction": Mothers' perceptions of responsive parenting following a home-based parenting intervention.

Responsive parenting (also known as responsivity) is a dynamic and bidirectional exchange between the parent-child dyad and associated with a child's social and cognitive development. Optimal interactions require a sensitivity and understanding of a child's cues, responsiveness to the child's need, and a modification of the parent's behavior to meet this need. This qualitative study explored the impact of a home visiting program on mothers' perceptions of their responsivity to their children.

Interpreter use in sustained nurse home visiting: interpreter experience and support.

Background: The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of healthcare interpreters working with child and family health nurses (CFHNs) in providing child and family health nursing (CFHN) services and sustained nurse home visiting (SNHV) programs to culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) families with limited English proficiency.

Methods: A mixed methods longitudinal research design was conducted to develop, implement and evaluate a training and practice support model for healthcare interpreters working with nurses and CALD families in providing CFHN services and SNHV programs in three major local health services in Sydney, Australia. One pre-training survey with 24 healthcare interpreters was conducted; field notes were recorded during training and implementation; and a post-implementation focus group with six healthcare interpreters was conducted.

Nurse home visiting to improve child and maternal outcomes: 5-year follow-up of an Australian randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: Nurse home visiting (NHV) is widely implemented to address inequities in child and maternal health. However, few studies have examined longer-term effectiveness or delivery within universal healthcare systems. We evaluated the benefits of an Australian NHV program ("right@home") in promoting children's language and learning, general and mental health, maternal mental health and wellbeing, parenting and family relationships, at child ages 4 and 5 years.

Does customised care improve satisfaction and positively enable parents in sustained home visiting for mothers and children experiencing adversity?

Background: The Maternal Early Childhood Sustained Home-visiting program (MECSH) is a structured nurse-delivered program designed to address health inequities experienced by families experiencing significant adversity. There is strong evidence for the effectiveness of this program, but limited research exploring the practice and process elements that are core to positive parent outcomes. This study aimed to examine the relationship between customised care related to the mother's risk factors and parent satisfaction and enablement in the delivery of a MECSH-based program.

Identification of families in need of support: Correlates of adverse childhood experiences in the right@home sustained nurse home visiting program.

Background: Little is known about the efficacy of pregnancy screening tools using non-sensitive sociodemographic questions to identify the possible presence of as yet undiagnosed disease in individuals and later adverse childhood events disclosure.

Objectives: The study aims were to: 1) record the prevalence of risk disclosed by families during receipt of a sustained nurse home visiting program; and 2) explore patterns of relationships between the disclosed risks for their child having adverse experiences and the antenatal screening tool, which used non-sensitive demographic questions.

Design: Retrospective, observational study.

Connecting Healthcare with Income Maximisation Services: A Systematic Review on the Health, Wellbeing and Financial Impacts for Families with Young Children.

Financial counselling and income-maximisation services have the potential to reduce financial hardship and its associated burdens on health and wellbeing in High Income Countries. However, referrals to financial counselling services are not systematically integrated into existing health service platforms, thus limiting our ability to identify and link families who might be experiencing financial hardship. Review evidence on this is scarce.

Parent satisfaction with sustained home visiting care for mothers and children: an integrative review.

Aim: To synthesise and analyse the existing literature regarding parent satisfaction with sustained home visiting care for mothers and children.

Background: Sustained home visiting is a service delivery mechanism of both prevention and intervention, in which people receive structured support services within their home environment over an extended period of months or years. For the purposes of this paper, sustained home visiting refers to in-home nursing support to address health inequities for mothers and young children.

Connecting healthcare with income maximisation services, and their financial, health and well-being impacts for families with young children: a systematic review protocol.

Introduction: Poverty has far-reaching and detrimental effects on children's physical and mental health, across all geographies. Financial advice and income-maximisation services can provide a promising opportunity for shifting the physical and mental health burdens that commonly occur with financial hardship, yet awareness of these services is limited, and referrals are not systematically integrated into existing healthcare service platforms. We aim to map and synthesise evidence on the impact of healthcare-income maximisation models of care for families of children aged 0-5 years in high-income countries on family finances, parent/caregiver(s) or children's health and well-being.

Economic evaluation of an Australian nurse home visiting programme: a randomised trial at 3 years.

Objectives: To investigate the additional programme cost and cost-effectiveness of 'right@home' Nurse Home Visiting (NHV) programme in relation to improving maternal and child outcomes at child age 3 years compared with usual care.

Design: A cost-utility analysis from a government-as-payer perspective alongside a randomised trial of NHV over 3-year period. Costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were discounted at 5%.

Variations in sustained home visiting care for mothers and children experiencing adversity.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the variations in care received by mothers and families within a sustained home visiting program. We sought to identify the extent to which there were variations in home visiting care in response to the program schedule and families' risk factors.

Design And Sample: Data collected within the right@home program, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) for a sustained nurse home visiting intervention in Australia, were analyzed.

Culturally and linguistically diverse mothers accessing public health nursing: A narrative review.

Background: Culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) families with young children are less likely to seek out healthcare services in comparison with the mainstream population. A lack of appropriate access and engagement with public health nursing (PHN) service contributes to major health disparities for CALD mothers.

Aim: To describe and synthesize the available literature on the factors that promote or hinder CALD mothers' access to and engagement with PHN services and in particular sustained nurse home-visiting (SNHV) programs.

Sustained nurse home-visiting with culturally and linguistically diverse families: Australian nurses' perspectives.

Background: In Australia, sustained nurse home-visiting (SNHV) programs are designed and implemented to promote positive outcomes for mothers with young children experiencing complex life challenges. Despite the crucial role of trained public health nurses, there is a dearth of research about their experiences delivering these programs to culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) families with limited English proficiency (LEP).

Aim: This study aimed to explore the experiences of public health nurses in providing services to CALD families with LEP.

A short-form version of the Australian English Communicative Development Inventory.

The Australian English Communicative Development Inventory (OZI) is a 558-item parent report tool for assessing language development at 12-30 months. Here, we introduce the short form (OZI-SF), a 100-item, picture-supported, online instrument with substantially lower time and literacy demands. In tool development (Study 1), 95 items were drawn from the OZI to match its item distribution by age of acquisition and semantic categories.

Clinical, financial and social impacts of COVID-19 and their associations with mental health for mothers and children experiencing adversity in Australia.

Background: Australia has maintained low rates of SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) infection, due to geographic location and strict public health restrictions. However, the financial and social impacts of these restrictions can negatively affect parents' and children's mental health. In an existing cohort of mothers recruited for their experience of adversity, this study examined: 1) families' experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic and public health restrictions in terms of clinical exposure, financial hardship family stress, and family resilience (termed 'COVID-19 impacts'); and 2) associations between COVID-19 impacts and maternal and child mental health.

The Impact of Nurse Home Visiting on the Use, Dose and Quality of Formal Childcare: 3-Year Follow-Up of a Randomized Trial.

Objective: We investigated whether nurse home visiting (NHV) affects the uptake and quality of formal early childhood education and care (ECEC) at child ages 2 and 3 years, and reasons for using ECEC at 3 years.

Methods: Design: Secondary analysis of the "right@home" randomized trial of NHV.

Participants: 722 pregnant Australian, English-speaking women experiencing adversity recruited from antenatal clinics across 2 states.

Study protocol for the Healthier Wealthier Families (HWF) pilot randomised controlled trial: testing the feasibility of delivering financial counselling to families with young children who are identified as experiencing financial hardship by community-based nurses.

Introduction: Poverty and deprivation can harm children's future health, learning, economic productivity and societal participation. The Australian Healthier Wealthier Families project seeks to reduce the childhood inequities caused by poverty and deprivation by creating a systematic referral pathway between two free, community-based services: universal, well-child nursing services, which provide health and development support to families with children from birth to school entry, and financial counselling. By adapting the successful Scottish 'Healthier Wealthier Children' model, the objectives of this Australian pilot are to test the (1) of systematising the referral pathway, and (2) short-term on household finances, caregiver health, parenting efficacy and financial service use.

Nurse Home Visiting and Maternal Mental Health: 3-Year Follow-Up of a Randomized Trial.

Background: Poor mental health is recognized as one of the greatest global burdens of disease. Maternal mental health is crucial for the optimal health of mothers and their children. We examined the effects of an Australian Nurse Home Visiting (NHV) program (right@home), offered to pregnant women experiencing adversity, on maternal mental health and well-being at child age 3 years.