A proof-of-concept analysis of data from the first NHS clinic for young adults with comorbid cannabis use and psychotic disorders.

Background: Cannabis use severely affects the outcome of people with psychotic disorders, yet there is a lack of treatments. To address this, in 2019 the National Health Service (NHS) Cannabis Clinic for Psychosis (CCP) was developed to support adults suffering from psychosis to reduce and/or stop their cannabis use.

Aims: Examine outcome data from the first 46 individuals to complete the CCP's intervention.

Retrotransposon addiction promotes centromere function via epigenetically activated small RNAs.

Retrotransposons have invaded eukaryotic centromeres in cycles of repeat expansion and purging, but the function of centromeric retrotransposons has remained unclear. In Arabidopsis, centromeric ATHILA retrotransposons give rise to epigenetically activated short interfering RNAs in mutants in DECREASE IN DNA METHYLATION1 (DDM1). Here we show that mutants that lose both DDM1 and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase have pleiotropic developmental defects and mis-segregate chromosome 5 during mitosis.

Teosinte Pollen Drive guides maize diversification and domestication by RNAi.

Selfish genetic elements contribute to hybrid incompatibility and bias or 'drive' their own transmission. Chromosomal drive typically functions in asymmetric female meiosis, whereas gene drive is normally post-meiotic and typically found in males. Here, using single-molecule and single-pollen genome sequencing, we describe Teosinte Pollen Drive, an instance of gene drive in hybrids between maize (Zea mays ssp.

A Microsurgical Skills Curriculum to Develop Unconscious Competence.

The attainment of microsurgical competency is an important milestone for plastic surgery trainees. Technical skill and a practiced disposition are required to successfully perform microsurgical procedures. Microsurgical skills curricula may foster both proficiency with technical movements and facilitate performance with minimal cognitive burden while using the operating microscope.

Constructing an Intent-to-Treat Score Index to Predict Survival Outcomes in Pediatric Liver Transplant Recipients.

Background: Waitlist and posttransplant outcomes have been widely reported for pediatric liver transplantation. Yet, analyzing these metrics individually fails to provide a holistic perspective for patients and their families. Intent-to-treat (ITT) analysis fills this gap by studying the associations between waitlist outcomes, organ availability, and posttransplant outcomes.

Hybrid magnon-phonon localization enhances function near ferroic glassy states.

Ferroic materials on the verge of forming ferroic glasses exhibit heightened functionality that is often attributed to competing long- and short-range correlations. However, the physics underlying these enhancements is not well understood. The NiCoMnIn Heusler alloy is on the edge of forming both spin and strain glasses and exhibits magnetic field-induced shape memory and large magnetocaloric effects, making it a candidate for multicaloric cooling applications.

Low Prevalence of Clinically Significant Hyponatremia following Cranial Vault Reconstruction for Single-Suture Craniosynostosis.

Background: Patients are commonly monitored for hyponatremia after intracranial procedures, yet the prevalence of hyponatremia after cranial vault reconstruction (CVR) remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to define the prevalence, risk factors, and complications of hyponatremia after CVR to optimize postoperative sodium surveillance protocols.

Methods: Patients with nonsyndromic, single-suture craniosynostosis who underwent primary CVR between 2009 and 2020 at Michigan Medicine were included (n = 231).

Nasal Sebaceous Carcinoma - A Rare Presentation.

Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is a slow-growing but aggressive malignant skin tumour derived from sebaceous glands. SC most commonly occurs in the periocular region, whereas extraocular sites are rare. SC of the nasal dorsum is a rare pathology, and only a few cases are reported worldwide.

Correction: Nasal Sebaceous Carcinoma-Rare Presentation.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-04439-0.].

Reasons for Removal of Rigid Internal Fixation Devices in Craniofacial Surgery: A 20-year Update.

The hardware utilized for rigid internal fixation of the craniofacial skeleton has evolved over time. Thus, the reasons for the unplanned removal of hardware continue to change. The purpose of this study is to compare past (1989-1995) and present (2000-2020) patient cohorts to establish trends related to unplanned removal of craniofacial hardware.

Risk Index Predicts Pediatric Heart Allograft Non-Utilization.

Background: Children listed for heart transplantation face the highest waitlist mortality among all solid organ transplant patients (14%). Attempts at decreasing donor allograft non-utilization (41.5%) could potentially decrease waitlist mortality for pediatric heart transplant patients.

Short-term effect of a carbon fiber custom dynamic orthosis and integrated rehabilitation on self-reported physical function, pain, speed, and agility in civilians.

Background: Ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) are widely used to restore mobility and reduce pain in individuals with lower extremity pain and disability. The use of a carbon fiber custom dynamic orthosis (CDO) with integrated physical training and psychosocial intervention has been shown to improve outcomes in a military setting, but civilian data are limited.

Objectives: To use existing clinical data to evaluate the initial effectiveness of an integrated CDO and rehabilitative program and identify baseline characteristics that impact patient response to the intervention.

Diurnal temperature range as a key predictor of plants' elevation ranges globally.

A prominent hypothesis in ecology is that larger species ranges are found in more variable climates because species develop broader environmental tolerances, predicting a positive range size-temperature variability relationship. However, this overlooks the extreme temperatures that variable climates impose on species, with upper or lower thermal limits more likely to be exceeded. Accordingly, we propose the 'temperature range squeeze' hypothesis, predicting a negative range size-temperature variability relationship.

Predictors of long-term pain and function in individuals who received a custom dynamic orthosis and device-centric care pathway.

Introduction: Carbon fiber custom dynamic orthoses (CDOs) have been shown to effectively reduce pain and improve function in military service members with lower-limb impairment, but data are limited for civilians.

Objectives: To evaluate the long-term outcomes of individuals who completed a CDO-centric care pathway in a civilian clinic by comparing baseline pain, mobility, and function with outcomes at long-term follow-up. To identify baseline characteristics and postintervention outcomes predictive of outcomes at long-term follow-up.

Flexor Tendon Rupture Secondary to Gout.

Extra-articular deposition of monosodium urate crystals is a widely recognized manifestation of gout. However, gouty infiltration of flexor tendons in the hand resulting in tendon rupture is exceedingly rare. This case report highlights a patient with gouty infiltration of flexor tendons in the right middle finger resulting in rupture of both the flexor digitorum profundus and flexor digitorum superficialis.

Prevalence of mutations in Taiwanese patients with breast cancer: a retrospective next-generation sequencing database analysis.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer type that affects women. In hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer (ABC), phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha ( is the most frequently mutated gene associated with poor prognosis. This study evaluated the frequency of mutations in the Taiwanese breast cancer population.

Chromatin remodeling of histone H3 variants by DDM1 underlies epigenetic inheritance of DNA methylation.

Nucleosomes block access to DNA methyltransferase, unless they are remodeled by DECREASE in DNA METHYLATION 1 (DDM1), a Snf2-like master regulator of epigenetic inheritance. We show that DDM1 promotes replacement of histone variant H3.3 by H3.

Retrotransposon addiction promotes centromere function via epigenetically activated small RNAs.

Retrotransposons have invaded eukaryotic centromeres in cycles of repeat expansion and purging, but the function of centromeric retrotransposons, if any, has remained unclear. In , centromeric retrotransposons give rise to epigenetically activated short interfering RNAs (easiRNAs) in mutants in , which promote histone H3 lysine-9 di-methylation (H3K9me2). Here, we show that mutants which lose both DDM1 and RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) have pleiotropic developmental defects and mis-segregation of chromosome 5 during mitosis.

A generalized Kirkwood implicit solvent for the polarizable AMOEBA protein model.

Computational simulation of biomolecules can provide important insights into protein design, protein-ligand binding interactions, and ab initio biomolecular folding, among other applications. Accurate treatment of the solvent environment is essential in such applications, but the use of explicit solvents can add considerable cost. Implicit treatment of solvent effects using a dielectric continuum model is an attractive alternative to explicit solvation since it is able to describe solvation effects without the inclusion of solvent degrees of freedom.

guides maize diversification and domestication by RNAi.

Meiotic drivers subvert Mendelian expectations by manipulating reproductive development to bias their own transmission. Chromosomal drive typically functions in asymmetric female meiosis, while gene drive is normally postmeiotic and typically found in males. Using single molecule and single-pollen genome sequencing, we describe , an instance of gene drive in hybrids between maize () and teosinte (), that depends on RNA interference (RNAi).

Chromatin remodeling of histone H3 variants underlies epigenetic inheritance of DNA methylation.

Epigenetic inheritance refers to the faithful replication of DNA methylation and histone modification independent of DNA sequence. Nucleosomes block access to DNA methyltransferases, unless they are remodeled by DECREASE IN DNA METHYLATION1 (DDM1 ), a Snf2-like master regulator of epigenetic inheritance. We show that DDM1 activity results in replacement of the transcriptional histone variant H3.

Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Enhance Graft Incorporation and Mineralization in a Murine Model of Irradiated Mandibular Nonvascularized Bone Grafting.

Background: Nonvascularized bone grafting represents a practical method of mandibular reconstruction. However, the destructive effects of radiotherapy on native bone preclude the use of nonvascularized bone grafts in head and neck cancer patients. Adipose-derived stem cells have been shown to enhance bone healing and regeneration in numerous experimental models.