Publications by authors named "Lynn Cyert"
Significance: Among 4- and 5-year-old children, deficits in measures of attention, visual-motor integration (VMI) and visual perception (VP) are associated with moderate, uncorrected hyperopia (3 to 6 diopters [D]) accompanied by reduced near visual function (near visual acuity worse than 20/40 or stereoacuity worse than 240 seconds of arc).
Purpose: To compare attention, visual motor, and visual perceptual skills in uncorrected hyperopes and emmetropes attending preschool or kindergarten and evaluate their associations with visual function.
Methods: Participants were 4 and 5 years of age with either hyperopia (≥3 to ≤6 D, astigmatism ≤1.
Purpose: To compare visual performance between emmetropic and uncorrected moderately hyperopic preschool-age children without strabismus or amblyopia.
Design: Cross-sectional study.
Methods: setting: Multicenter, institutional.
Purpose: To compare early literacy of 4- and 5-year-old uncorrected hyperopic children with that of emmetropic children.
Design: Cross-sectional.
Participants: Children attending preschool or kindergarten who had not previously worn refractive correction.
Purpose: This article provides recommendations for screening children aged 36 to younger than 72 months for eye and visual system disorders. The recommendations were developed by the National Expert Panel to the National Center for Children's Vision and Eye Health, sponsored by Prevent Blindness, and funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau of the Health Resources and Services Administration, United States Department of Health and Human Services. The recommendations describe both best and acceptable practice standards.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To determine demographic and refractive risk factors for astigmatism in the Vision in Preschoolers Study.
Methods: Three- to 5-year-old Head Start preschoolers (N = 4040) from five clinical centers underwent comprehensive eye examinations by study-certified optometrists and ophthalmologists, including monocular visual acuity testing, cover testing, and cycloplegic retinoscopy. Astigmatism was defined as the presence of greater than or equal to +1.
Purpose: To investigate the association of hyperopia greater than +3.25 diopters (D) with amblyopia, strabismus, anisometropia, astigmatism, and reduced stereoacuity in preschoolers.
Methods: Three- to five-year-old Head Start preschoolers (N = 4040) underwent vision examination including monocular visual acuity (VA), cover testing, and cycloplegic refraction during the Vision in Preschoolers Study.
Purpose: To evaluate, by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the ability of noncycloplegic retinoscopy (NCR), Retinomax Autorefractor (Retinomax), and SureSight Vision Screener (SureSight) to detect significant refractive errors (RE) among preschoolers.
Methods: Refraction results of eye care professionals using NCR, Retinomax, and SureSight (n = 2588) and of nurse and lay screeners using Retinomax and SureSight (n = 1452) were compared with masked cycloplegic retinoscopy results. Significant RE was defined as hyperopia greater than +3.
Purpose: To evaluate associations between stereoacuity and presence, type, and severity of vision disorders in Head Start preschool children and determine testability and levels of stereoacuity by age in children without vision disorders.
Methods: Stereoacuity of children aged 3 to 5 years (n = 2898) participating in the Vision in Preschoolers (VIP) Study was evaluated using the Stereo Smile II test during a comprehensive vision examination. This test uses a two-alternative forced-choice paradigm with four stereoacuity levels (480 to 60 seconds of arc).
Objective: To compare the prevalence of amblyopia, strabismus, and significant refractive error among African-American, American Indian, Asian, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white preschoolers in the Vision In Preschoolers study.
Design: Multicenter, cross-sectional study.
Participants: Three- to 5-year old preschoolers (n=4040) in Head Start from 5 geographically disparate areas of the United States.
Objective: To evaluate risk factors for unilateral amblyopia and for bilateral amblyopia in the Vision in Preschoolers (VIP) study.
Design: Multicenter, cross-sectional study.
Participants: Three- to 5-year-old Head Start preschoolers from 5 clinical centers, overrepresenting children with vision disorders.
Purpose: To determine the intertester agreement of refractive error measurements between lay and nurse screeners using the Retinomax Autorefractor and the SureSight Vision Screener.
Methods: Trained lay and nurse screeners measured refractive error in 1452 preschoolers (3 to 5 years old) using the Retinomax and the SureSight in a random order for screeners and instruments. Intertester agreement between lay and nurse screeners was assessed for sphere, cylinder, and spherical equivalent (SE) using the mean difference and the 95% limits of agreement.
Purpose: To evaluate the relationship of anisometropia with unilateral amblyopia, interocular acuity difference (IAD), and stereoacuity among Head Start preschoolers using both clinical notation and vector notation analyses.
Design: Multicenter, cross-sectional study.
Participants: Three- to 5-year-old participants in the Vision in Preschoolers (VIP) study (n = 4040).
Purpose: To evaluate, by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the accuracy of three instruments of refractive error in detecting eye conditions among 3- to 5-year-old Head Start preschoolers and to evaluate differences in accuracy between instruments and screeners and by age of the child.
Methods: Children participating in the Vision In Preschoolers (VIP) Study (n = 4040), had screening tests administered by pediatric eye care providers (phase I) or by both nurse and lay screeners (phase II). Noncycloplegic retinoscopy (NCR), the Retinomax Autorefractor (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan), and the SureSight Vision Screener (SureSight, Alpharetta, GA) were used in phase I, and Retinomax and SureSight were used in phase II.
Purpose: To compare the sensitivity of 11 preschool vision screening tests administered by licensed eye care professionals for the detection of the 4 Vision in Preschoolers (VIP)-targeted vision disorders when specificity is 94%.
Methods: This study consisted of a sample (n = 2588) of 3- to 5-year-old children enrolled in Head Start programs, 57% of whom had failed an initial Head Start vision screening. Screening results from 11 tests were compared with results from a standardized comprehensive eye examination that was used to classify children with respect to the four VIP-targeted vision disorders: amblyopia, strabismus, significant refractive error, and unexplained reduced visual acuity (VA).
Purpose: To compare 11 preschool vision screening tests administered by licensed eye care professionals (LEPs; optometrists and pediatric ophthalmologists).
Design: Multicenter, cross-sectional study.
Participants: A sample (N = 2588) of 3- to 5-year-old children enrolled in Head Start was selected to over-represent children with vision problems.
Purpose: To compare the testability and threshold acuity levels for very young children on the crowded HOTV logMAR distance visual acuity test presented on the BVAT apparatus and the Lea Symbols logMAR distance visual acuity chart.
Methods: Subjects were 87 Head Start children from age 3 to 3.5 years.
Objective: The purpose was to determine whether preschool children aged 3 years 0 months through 3 years 6 months could be tested with the Random Dot E, Stereo Smile, and Randot Preschool stereoacuity tests, which are random dot stereotests marketed for use with preschoolers.
Methods: A total of 118 children from five Vision In Preschoolers Study Clinical Centers participated. Strabismic children, as determined by the cover test at distance and near, were excluded from this study.
The effect of changing from glasses to soft contact lenses on myopia progression in adolescents.
Ophthalmic Physiol Opt
January 2003
At the end of a clinical trial of bifocals as myopia treatment, subjects were allowed to select any type of optical correction they wished and were asked to return in 1 year. This report gives results of that last examination with emphasis on how progression rates differed between those remaining in their original type of glasses compared with those who switched to soft contact lenses. We found that myopia progressed at an age-adjusted average rate of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: We previously reported results of a randomized clinical trial of bifocals as a type of myopia correction for children with near-point esophoria. After 30 months, the rate of myopia progression in 36 children wearing bifocals averaged 0.40 D/yr compared to 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To evaluate possible seasonal variations in myopia progression and ocular elongation in school children.
Methods: Seventy-one children who were enrolled in a clinical trial of bifocals were examined every 6 months for 30 months. Three 6-month intervals ("winters") included none of the summer vacation from school, and two intervals ("summers") included all of the summer vacation.