Background: Studies of nurse staffing frequently use data aggregated at the hospital level that do not provide the appropriate context to inform unit-level decisions, such as nurse staffing.
Objectives: Describe a method to link patient data collected during the provision of routine care and recorded in the electronic health record (EHR) to the nursing units where care occurred in a national dataset.
Research Design: We identified all Veterans Health Administration acute care hospitalizations in the calendar year 2019 nationwide.
Objective: The aim of the study is to introduce an innovative use of bar code medication administration (BCMA) data, medication pass analysis, that allows for the examination of nurse staffing and workload using data generated during regular nursing workflow.
Methods: Using 1 year (October 1, 2014-September 30, 2015) of BCMA data for 11 acute care units in one Veterans Affairs Medical Center, we determined the peak time for scheduled medications and included medications scheduled for and administered within 2 hours of that time in analyses. We established for each staff member their daily peak-time medication pass characteristics (number of patients, number of peak-time scheduled medications, duration, start time), generated unit-level descriptive statistics, examined staffing trends, and estimated linear mixed-effects models of duration and start time.