Cardiotocography combined with ST analysis versus cardiotocography combined with fetal blood sampling in deliveries with abnormal CTG: a randomized trial.

Purpose: The aim was to investigate if intrapartum monitoring with cardiotocography (CTG) in combination with ST analysis (STAN) results in an improved perinatal outcome.

Methods: We performed a two-center randomized trial. 1013 women with term fetuses in cephalic presentation entered the trial.

Early induction of labor in high-risk intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy: what are the costs?

Purpose: Induction of labor among pregnant women with high levels of total bile acid (TBA) is common among clinicians. We examined, if women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) and TBA ≥ 40 μmol/l have a higher risk of maternal-fetal complications, when labor is induced at 37 weeks of gestation, compared with induction of labor at term in women with low-risk ICP.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 16,185 women delivering at Roskilde University Hospital in the period 2006-2011.

Acupuncture and/or sweeping of the fetal membranes before induction of labor: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial.

Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture, and sweeping of the fetal membranes, as methods for induction of labor.

Methods: Four hundred and seven pregnant women with normal singleton pregnancies and cephalic presentations were randomized at three delivery wards in Denmark at day 290 of gestation into groups of acupuncture, sweeping, acupuncture and sweeping and controls. The primary objective was to compare the proportion of women going into labor before induction of labor at 294 days in the four groups.

Is thrombophilia a risk factor for placenta-mediated pregnancy complications?

Purpose: To determine if thrombophilia is a risk factor for placenta-mediated pregnancy complications (PMPC) (i.e., preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), placental abruption, intrauterine fetal death and recurrent pregnancy loss).

The choice of a tocolytic for the treatment of preterm labor: a critical evaluation of nifedipine versus atosiban.

Preterm birth is the major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in the developed world. The perfect tocolytic that is uniformly effective with complete fetomaternal safety does not exist. Tocolytic agents differ in cost, utero-specificity, safety, efficacy and whether they are licensed for use.

[Prophylactic use of prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors in connection with IUD insertion].

In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study conducted at a contraception clinic, 55 women (three nulliparous) were given either ibuprofen 600 mg or placebo 1-4 hours prior to insertion of IUD, 4-6 hours after insertion of IUD and the following morning. Pain was assessed by ten point Numerical Rating Scales during insertion, in the first 4-6 hours and in the following three days. No benefit of ibuprofen was demonstrated at insertion or at any other time during the first three days.

[Birth statistics for "standard populations". A basis for obstetric quality development].

Using standard populations like "standard-primipara" (normal pregnancy, singleton term delivery and cephalic presentation) and "caesarean secundapara" (previous caesarean section and second birth) as the basis for interunit comparisons of maternity care will control for differences in casemix that may be seen at different units, thereby increasing the validity of comparisons. Focusing on clinically meaningful subsets of the population may have the additional benefit of clarifying the relationship between everyday clinical decision making, and the statistics from medical birth registration. Birth registry data from Rigshospitalet, Hvidovre Hospital and Herning Centralsygehus 1993-1994 have been used to illustrate the association between local quality improvement activities, on the one hand, and rates of interventions and foetal outcome in "standard-primipara" on the other.

Estrogen receptor determination in endometrial carcinoma: ligand binding assay versus enzyme immunoassay.

We compared concentrations of cytosolic estrogen receptors (ERc) measured in 35 postmenopausal endometrial carcinomas by ligand binding method (LBA) (dextran-coated charcoal assay) and enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Correlations between ERc, nuclear estrogen receptors (ERn) determined by EIA, and cytosolic progesterone receptors (PR) measured by LBA were also studied. While ERc concentrations determined by LBA and EIA were highly correlated (r: 0.

Induction of labour by balloon catheter with extra-amniotic saline infusion (BCEAS): a randomised comparison with PGE2 vaginal pessaries.

Objective: A new method for induction of labour--balloon catheter with extra-amniotic saline infusion (BCEAS)--is evaluated in randomised comparison with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in vaginal pessaries.

Study Group: One-hundred and nine pregnant women with unfavourable cervices.

Major Outcome Measures: The efficiency of inducing vaginal delivery and the level of 'disadvantages following induction of labour' (DisFIL scorings).

Plasma oestrogens in postmenopausal women with endometrial cancer.

Objective: To study plasma levels of estrogens and androgens, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in postmenopausal patients with endometrial cancer.

Design: Patients and controls were matched for age, body mass index, parity and years since menopause.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hvidovre Hospital, Denmark.

Prediction of mode of delivery and 'DisFIL score' following induction of labor by local PGE2.

The objective of the study was to evaluate pre-induction risk factors for (i) assisted vaginal delivery (forceps or vacuum extraction), (ii) caesarean section, (iii) failed induction followed by caesarean section, and from these to evaluate a score of the 'Disadvantages Following Induction of Labour' (the DisFIL score). The study was a case-control study applied on a prospective cohort of 336 pregnant women induced by local PGE2. Assisted vaginal delivery was associated with primiparity (OR (odds ratio) = 10.

Progesterone receptor content in endometrial carcinoma correlates with serum levels of free estradiol.

Objective: To study a possible relationship between serum levels of estrogens and androgens and the tumor content of estrogen receptors and progesterone receptors in endometrial cancer.

Study Design: Fifty postmenopausal patients were included. Receptors were determined biochemically in tissue cytosol by dextran charcoal-coated assay and immunohistochemically on frozen sections.

Estrogen and progesterone receptors in endometrial carcinoma: comparison of immunohistochemical and biochemical analysis.

In 159 endometrial carcinomas, estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) were determined biochemically by dextran-coated charcoal (DCC) assay and immunohistochemically (ICA) on frozen sections. ICA receptor content was estimated by a total histologic score (HSCORE), including all tissue components, and by a cancer HSCORE, including malignant cells only. These scores were closely correlated.

Biochemical and immunohistochemical estrogen and progesterone receptors in adenomatous hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma: correlations with stage and other clinicopathologic features.

Objective: This study investigates clinicopathologic associations of estrogen and progesterone receptor content in endometrial carcinoma.

Study Design: One hundred fifty-two patients with endometrial cancer and 12 with adenomatous hyperplasia were included. Dextran-coated charcoal receptor assay and immunohistochemical analysis were used.

Predictive value of pelvic scores for induction of labor by local PGE2.

The predictive value of pelvic scores, parity, age and gestational age for induction of labor by local prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) was examined in 336 women attempting induction of labor by intracervical or vaginal PGE2. The patient characteristics were correlated to: (1) vaginal delivery within 48 h, (2) the period from induction to onset of labor (latency period), and (3) the duration of labor. The Bishop score (P < 0.

Induction of labor by prostaglandin E2: intracervical gel or vaginal pessaries?

To investigate the best route of prostaglandin medication for induction of labor, 125 pregnant women with unfavorable cervices (Bishop scores less than or equal to 6) were randomized to induction of labor with either PGE2 (0.5 mg) in a viscous intracervical gel once daily or PGE2 pessaries (2.5 mg) 1-2 a day.

[Observation and follow-up of premature rupture of the membranes. A pilot study of women at term with immature cervix and premature rupture of the membranes, without contractions].

In a material of 88 patients with premature rupture of the membranes and unripe cervix, a comparative investigation was undertaken to compare the effects of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) vaginal tablets and intravenous oxytocin on induction of labour. The patients were subdivided at random into two groups: 42 patients treatment with PGE2 and 46 treatment with intravenous oxytocin. The results did not reveal any significant differences in the numbers of successful inductions regardless of the Bishop score at the commencement of stimulation but the duration of induction was found to be briefer in the oxytocin group.

Induction of labour: the effect of vaginal prostaglandin or i.v. oxytocin--a matter of time only?

Ninety-one pregnant women with unfavourable cervix (Bishop score no higher than 6) were randomly allocated to induction of labour with either prostaglandin E2 suppositories 2.5 mg 1-2 a day or i.v.

[Induction of early first trimester abortion with a prostaglandin E1 analogue. A pilot study].

A pilot investigation employing prostaglandin (PG) induced early abortion (maximal 56 days of menostasia) was planned with the object of investigation whether this non-surgical method was as effective, safe and acceptable as vacuum aspiration. The investigation was planned to include 20 women to be treated with 1 mg PGE1-vagitories at intervals of three hours up to five times in 24 hours. If abortion did not occur after 24 hours as assessed by gynaecological examination and sonography, the uterus was evacuated.

[Endometriosis--new perspectives. 2. Classification and treatment].

The disease, endometriosis, occurs in very varying forms and degrees of severity. Classification of the disease is therefore important. Acosta's classification was previously most frequently employed.

[Endometriosis--new perspectives. 1. Pathology and physiopathology].

Endometriosis is a disease characterized by the occurrence of ectopic endometrium, most frequently in the pouch of Douglas and the ovaries. The disease is diagnosed at operation and occurs practically exclusively in women of fertile age. The symptoms are, in particular, diffuse low abdominal pain, dyspareunia, infertility and dysmenorrhoea.

Oxytocin receptor blockade: a new principle in the treatment of preterm labor?

The concentration of myometrial and decidual oxytocin receptors increases dramatically in normal women in late pregnancy, causing enhanced uterine sensitivity to physiologic levels of oxytocin. Similar increase in myometrial oxytocin receptors has been found in women in preterm labor, indicating a role for oxytocin also in idiopathic preterm labor. A newly synthesized oxytocin analogue, 1-deamino-2-D-Tyr-(OEt)-4-Thr-8-Orn-oxytocin, has been found to be a competitive inhibitor of oxytocin.