A simulated comparison of lung tumor target verification using stereoscopic tomosynthesis or radiography.

Purpose: Mobile lung tumors are increasingly being treated with ablative radiotherapy, for which precise motion management is essential. In-room stereoscopic radiography systems are able to guide ablative radiotherapy for stationary cranial lesions but not optimally for lung tumors unless fiducial markers are inserted. We propose augmenting stereoscopic radiographic systems with multiple small x-ray sources to provide the capability of imaging with stereoscopic, single frame tomosynthesis.

Dose Sculpting Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy for Vertebral Body Sparing in Children With Neuroblastoma.

Purpose: To assess the effect of dose sculpting intensity modulated radiation therapy on vertebral body growth in children with neuroblastoma.

Methods And Materials: From 2000 to 2011, 88 children with neuroblastoma underwent radiation at the authors' institution. Children with paravertebral tumors with at least 3 years of evaluable posttreatment imaging were included, and children who underwent spine reirradiation before follow-up were excluded.

Real-time tomosynthesis for radiation therapy guidance.

Purpose: Fluoroscopy has been a tool of choice for monitoring treatments or interventions because of its extremely fast imaging times. However, the contrast obtained in fluoroscopy may be insufficient for certain clinical applications. In stereotactic ablative radiation therapy of the lung, fluoroscopy often lacks sufficient contrast for gating treatment.

A genome-wide RNAi screen identifies multiple RSK-dependent regulators of cell migration.

To define the functional pathways regulating epithelial cell migration, we performed a genome-wide RNAi screen using 55,000 pooled lentiviral shRNAs targeting ∼11,000 genes, selecting for transduced cells with increased motility. A stringent validation protocol generated a set of 31 genes representing diverse pathways whose knockdown dramatically enhances cellular migration. Some of these pathways share features of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and together they implicate key regulators of transcription, cellular signaling, and metabolism, as well as novel modulators of cellular trafficking, such as DLG5.