Community Pharmacists' Views on the Early Stages of Implementation of a National Pilot Independent Prescribing Service in Wales: A Qualitative Study.

Background: A pilot Independent Prescribers' Service (IPS) was introduced in 13 community pharmacies across Wales in June 2020. Independent Pharmacist Prescribers (IPPs) could prescribe in the areas of management of acute conditions, contraception, or opioid withdrawal, as agreed with local commissioners. Access to the patients' medical records was provided via , the national community pharmacy IT platform.

Wearable Sensor-Based Detection of Influenza in Presymptomatic and Asymptomatic Individuals.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for early detection of viral infections in symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals to allow for timely clinical management and public health interventions.

Methods: Twenty healthy adults were challenged with an influenza A (H3N2) virus and prospectively monitored from 7 days before through 10 days after inoculation, using wearable electrocardiogram and physical activity sensors. This framework allowed for responses to be accurately referenced to the infection event.

Affymetrix oligonucleotide analysis of gene expression in the injured heart.

Microarrays have helped researchers gain much insight into gene expression profiles in the context of many diseases including those in the injured heart. Our genomic investigations have been focused on elucidation of host gene responses to enterovirus infection. We have gained valuable technical expertise in using Affymetrix oligonucleotide arrays, also known as GeneChips, and cDNA spotted arrays to probe differential gene expression in both cultured cells and in heart tissue.

Molecular markers in the endometrium at baseline of postmenopausal patients with early breast cancer in the ATAC (Arimidex, tamoxifen, alone, or in combination) trial.

Objective: This study was undertaken to assess baseline endometrial molecular events in the ATAC (Arimidex, tamoxifen, alone, or in combination) trial of breast cancer adjuvant therapy.

Study Design: Estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) levels and markers of cell proliferation (Ki67) and apoptosis ( Bcl -2) were assessed in 93 patients at baseline.

Results: An inactive/atrophic endometrium was found in 63 patients, 5 had a proliferative endometrium, and 12 had a secretory endometrium.

The differential expression of oestrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, Bcl-2 and Ki67 in endometrial polyps.

Objective: To obtain a greater understanding of the pathogenesis of endometrial polyps and to gain insight into which factors play a pivotal role in their growth.

Design: Retrospective analysis of archived paraffin-embedded specimens.

Setting: St James's University Hospital.

Genetic determinants of coxsackievirus B3 pathogenesis.

The development of high throughput genomic and bioinformatic analysis tools, coupled with established molecular techniques, has allowed new insights into the pathogenesis of infectious diseases. In humans, coxasackievirus B3 (CVB3) is the primary etiological agent of viral myocarditis, an inflammatory disease process involving the heart muscle. Early host cellular survival and apoptotic mechanisms during viral infections, as well as immune events, affect myocarditis progression and outcome.