Collection and Analysis of Adherence Information for Software as a Medical Device Clinical Trials: Systematic Review.

Background: The rapid growth of digital health apps has necessitated new regulatory approaches to ensure compliance with safety and effectiveness standards. Nonadherence and heterogeneous user engagement with digital health apps can lead to trial estimates that overestimate or underestimate an app's effectiveness. However, there are no current standards for how researchers should measure adherence or address the risk of bias imposed by nonadherence through efficacy analyses.

Treatment of acromegaly by rosiglitazone via upregulating 15-PGDH in both pituitary adenoma and liver.

Rosiglitazone, a synthetic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) ligand, has been reported to reduce growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in 10 patients with acromegaly. However, the mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we reveal that PPARγ directly enhances 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH) expression, whose expression is decreased and negatively correlates with tumor size in acromegaly.

Erectile Dysfunction Is Associated With Excessive Growth Hormone Levels in Male Patients With Acromegaly.

Objective: To determine the risk factors for erectile dysfunction (ED) in male patients with acromegaly and to prospectively investigate the short-term changes of erectile function after surgery or medical treatment.

Methods: Sixty-three male patients were subjected to nocturnal penile tumescence and rigidity (NPTR) test for the evaluation of erectile function. The measurement of serum nitric oxide (NO) was also performed.

Discovery and Mechanistic Study of Benzamide Derivatives That Modulate Hepatitis B Virus Capsid Assembly.

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global public health problem. Although the currently approved medications can reliably reduce the viral load and prevent the progression of liver diseases, they fail to cure the viral infection. In an effort toward discovery of novel antiviral agents against HBV, a group of benzamide (BA) derivatives that significantly reduced the amount of cytoplasmic HBV DNA were discovered.

Gene expression differences in quiescent versus regenerating hair cells of avian sensory epithelia: implications for human hearing and balance disorders.

The sensory receptors for hearing and balance are the hair cells of the cochlea and vestibular organs of the inner ear. Permanent hearing and balance deficits can be triggered by genetic susceptibilities or environmental factors such as infection. Unlike mammalian hair cells that have a limited capacity for regeneration, the vestibular organ of the avian ear is constantly undergoing hair cell regeneration, whereas the avian cochlea undergoes regeneration only when hair cells are damaged.