Risk Factors for Empyema Following Penetrating Diaphragmatic Injuries.

Empyema resulting as a complication of penetrating diaphragmatic injuries is a subject that requires further investigation, and the aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with empyema in patients with penetrating trauma. Consecutive adult trauma patients from a level 1 trauma center were searched for penetrating diaphragm injuries. Data were collected on patient demographics, pre-existing conditions, injury type and severity, hospital interventions, in-hospital complications, and outcomes.

Owl Monkey Insertion Polymorphisms and Phylogenetics.

Owl monkeys (genus ), or "night monkeys" are platyrrhine primates in the Aotidae family. Early taxonomy only recognized one species, , until 1983, when Hershkovitz proposed nine unique species designations, classified into red-necked and gray-necked species groups based predominately on pelage coloration. Recent studies questioned this conventional separation of the genus and proposed designations based on the geographical location of wild populations.

insertion polymorphisms shared by baboons and reveal an intertwined common ancestry.

Background: Baboons (genus ) and geladas () are now generally recognized as close phylogenetic relatives, though morphologically quite distinct and generally classified in separate genera. Primate specific retrotransposons are well-established genomic markers for the study of phylogenetic and population genetic relationships. We previously reported a computational reconstruction of phylogeny using large-scale whole genome sequence (WGS) analysis of insertion polymorphisms.

Amplification Dynamics of Platy-1 Retrotransposons in the Cebidae Platyrrhine Lineage.

Platy-1 elements are Platyrrhine-specific, short interspersed elements originally discovered in the Callithrix jacchus (common marmoset) genome. To date, only the marmoset genome has been analyzed for Platy-1 repeat content. Here, we report full-length Platy-1 insertions in other New World monkey (NWM) genomes (Saimiri boliviensis, squirrel monkey; Cebus imitator, capuchin monkey; and Aotus nancymaae, owl monkey) and analyze the amplification dynamics of lineage-specific Platy-1 insertions.