Epstein-Barr virus downregulates the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor of CD8 T lymphocytes might associate with coronary artery lesions in Kawasaki disease patients.

Objectives: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis that is caused by immunological dysregulation in children exposed to pathogens like Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Myocardial ischemia or infarction due to coronary artery lesions (CALs) might be lethal. However, it is unclear how pathogens, immunomodulation, and CALs interact, particularly in KD patients co-infected with the most widespread virus, EBV.

Clinical and genetic characterization of pediatric patients with Wilson's disease from Yunnan province where ethnic minorities gather.

Wilson's disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disease that is caused by mutations in the (a copper-transporting P-type ATPase) gene. The disease has a low prevalence and is characterized by a copper metabolism disorder. However, various characteristics of the disease are determined by race and geographic region.

Potential pathogenic mechanism of type 1 X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome caused by a mutation of SH2D1A gene in an infant: A case report.

Background: X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome (XLP) is a rare X-linked recessive inborn errors of immunity. The pathogenesis of XLP might be related to phophatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-associated pathways but insight details remain unclear. This study was to study an infant XLP-1 case caused by a mutation in SH2D1A gene, investigate the structural and functional alteration of mutant SAP protein, and explore the potential role of PI3K-associated pathways in the progression of XLP-1.

Changes in molecular characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of invasive infection strains isolated from children in Kunming, China during the COVID-19 epidemic.

Invasive () infection is associated with high rates of mortality in children. No studies have been reported on invasive infection among children in Kunming, China, and it remains unknown whether the COVID-19 epidemic has affected prevalence in this region. Thus, this study investigated the changes in molecular characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of invasive strains isolated from children in Kunming during 2019-2021.

Comprehensive analyses of transcriptomes induced by Lyme spirochete infection to CNS model system.

Background: Lyme disease is a zoonotic disease caused by infection with Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb), the involvement of the nervous system in Lyme disease is usually referred to as Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB). LNB has diverse clinical manifestations, most commonly including meningitis, Bell's palsy, and encephalitis. However, the molecular pathogenesis of neuroborreliosis is still poorly understood.

A novel mutation in the homogentisate 1,2 dioxygenase gene identified in Chinese Hani pediatric patients with Alkaptonuria.

Background: Alkaptonuria (AKU) is a rare tyrosine metabolism disorder caused by homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase (HGD) mutations and homogentisic acid (HGA) accumulation. In this study, we investigated the genotype-phenotype relationship in AKU patients with a novel HGD gene mutation from a Chinese Hani family.

Methods: Routine clinical examination and laboratory evaluation were performed, urine alkalinization test and urinary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to assess HGA.

Comparative proteomics profiling revealed the involvement of GRB2-ROCK2 axis in Lyme neuroborreliosis caused by Borrelia Burgdorferi.

The zoonotic Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) disease is caused by Borrelia burgdorferi, with wide distribution, rapid dissemination and high disability rate. However, the molecular mechanism underlying B. burgdorferi mediated neuroborreliosis remains largely unknown.

First Report of Oxacillin Susceptible A-Positive in a Children's Hospital in Kunming, China.

Purpose: The present study investigated the prevalence characteristics of oxacillin susceptible A-positive (OS-MRSA) in a children's hospital in Kunming from January 2019 to December 2020.

Methods: A total of 499 strains were included in the study and tested for oxacillin susceptibility using the VITEK 2 Compact automated antimicrobial susceptibility test system. All oxacillin-susceptible strains were detected A and C by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Proteomic Analysis of Rhesus Macaque Brain Explants Treated With Identifies Host GAP-43 as a Potential Factor Associated With Lyme Neuroborreliosis.

Background: Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) is one of the most dangerous manifestations of Lyme disease, but the pathogenesis and inflammatory mechanisms are not fully understood.

Methods: Cultured explants from the frontal cortex of rhesus monkey brain (n=3) were treated with live (Bb) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 6, 12, and 24 h. Total protein was collected for sequencing and bioinformatics analysis.

Clinical and genetic analysis of 2 rare cases of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome from Chinese minorities: Two case reports.

Rationale: Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a rare X-linked recessive disease characterized by thrombocytopenia, small platelets, eczema, immunodeficiency, and an increased risk of autoimmunity and malignancies. X-linked thrombocytopenia (XLT), the milder phenotype of WAS, is always limited to thrombocytopenia with absent or slight infections and eczema. Here, we illustrated the clinical and molecular characteristics of 2 unrelated patients with WAS from Chinese minorities.

Rhesus Brain Transcriptomic Landscape in an Model of the Interaction of Live With Frontal Cortex Tissue Explants.

Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) is the most dangerous manifestation of Lyme disease caused by the spirochete which can reach the central nervous system most commonly presenting with lymphocytic meningitis; however, the molecular basis for neuroborreliosis is still poorly understood. We incubated explants from the frontal cortex of three rhesus brains with medium alone or medium with added live for 6, 12, and 24 h and isolated RNA from each group was used for RNA sequencing with further bioinformatic analysis. Transcriptomic differences between the model of live with rhesus frontal cortex tissue explants and the controls during the progression of the infection were identified.

Borrelia burgdorferi basic membrane protein A initiates proinflammatory chemokine storm in THP 1-derived macrophages via the receptors TLR1 and TLR2.

Lyme disease, reffered to as Lyme borreliosis, is a tick-borne zoonotic disease caused by Borrelia burgdorferi spirochetes. Lyme arthritis, the most common, serious and harmful manifestation during the late stages of Lyme disease, is closely associated with the Borrelia burgdorferi basic membrane protein A (BmpA). Chemokines are also reported to have an important role in Lyme arthritis.

Seroprevalence of Tick-Borne Infection in Healthy Adult Population and Patients with Acute Undifferentiated Fever from the Yunnan Province of China.

-the causative agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA)-is a tick-borne pathogen transmitted by ticks infecting wild and domestic mammals as well as humans. Despite the availability of evidence regarding this emerging infection among vectors, host animals, and individuals in China, there is limited knowledge on the prevalence and distribution of in the Yunnan Province. The aim of this study was to assess the seroprevalence of in healthy adults and patients with acute undifferentiated fever from four regions in the Yunnan Province.

basic membrane protein A stimulates murine macrophage to secrete specific chemokines.

In this study, we investigated the mechanisms that lead to the production of proinflammatory mediators by the murine macrophage cell line, RAW264.7, when these cells are exposed in vitro to recombinant Borrelia burgdorferi basic membrane protein A (rBmpA). Using antibody protein microarray technology with high-throughput detection ability for detecting 25 chemokines in culture supernatant the RAW264.

Application of droplet digital PCR to detect the pathogens of infectious diseases.

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a molecular biology technique used to multiply certain deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragments. It is a common and indispensable technique that has been applied in many areas, especially in clinical laboratories. The third generation of polymerase chain reaction, droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR), is a biotechnological refinement of conventional polymerase chain reaction methods that can be used to directly quantify and clonally amplify DNA.

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor-794 CATT microsatellite polymorphism and risk of tuberculosis: a meta-analysis.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease that has been threatening public health for many years. Several studies have shown the relationship between the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)-794 CATT (MIF-794 CATT) microsatellite polymorphism and susceptibility to TB. However, the results remain inconclusive.

NF‑κB is a key modulator in the signaling pathway of Borrelia burgdorferi BmpA‑induced inflammatory chemokines in murine microglia BV2 cells.

Lyme disease, caused by the bacterial spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, is a tick‑borne zoonosis. Lyme neuroborreliosis is a principal manifestation of Lyme disease and its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Recent studies have demonstrated that Borrelia burgdorferi lipoproteins caused similar inflammatory effects as exhibited in Lyme neuroborreliosis.

Use of Digital Droplet PCR to Detect DNA in Whole Blood-Derived DNA Samples from Patients with Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease that has been threatening public health for many centuries. The clinical diagnostic procedure for TB is time-consuming and laborious. In the last 20 years, real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR (real-time PCR) has become a better alternative for TB diagnosis in clinics due to its sensitivity and specificity.