Surface Template Realizing Oriented Perovskites for Highly Efficient Solar Cells.

Formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI) perovskite films, ensuring optically active phase purity with uniform crystal orientation, are ideal for photovoltaic applications. However, the optically active α-FAPbI phase is easy to degrade into δ-phase due to numerous defects within randomly oriented films. Here, a "quasi-2D" perovskite template is pre-deposited on the film surface within the crystallization process based on the two-step preparation technology, which directly induced pure and highly orientated crystallization of α-FAPbI across the downward growth process.

Tailoring Water-in-DMSO Electrolyte for Ultra-stable Rechargeable Zinc Batteries.

Rechargeable zinc batteries (RZBs) are hindered by two primary challenges: instability of Zn anode and deterioration of the cathode structure in traditional aqueous electrolytes, largely attributable to the decomposition of active HO. Here, we design and synthesize a non-flammable water-in-dimethyl sulfoxide electrolyte to address these issues. X-ray absorption spectroscopy, in situ techniques and computational simulations demonstrate that the activity of HO in this electrolyte is extremely compressed, which not only suppresses the side reactions and increases the reversibility of Zn anode, but also diminishes the cathode dissolution and proton intercalation.

The High-Quality Genome Sequencing and Analysis of Red Raspberry ( L.).

Red raspberry ( L.), which is an important nutritional source for human health, belongs to fruit crops of the Rosaceae family. Here, we used Pacific Biosciences single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) sequencing technologies to assemble genomes and reported a high-quality L.

Prediction of SARS-CoV-2 infection cases based on the meta-SEIRS model.

Predicting epidemic trends of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains a key public health concern globally today. However, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reinfection rate in previous studies of the transmission dynamics model was mostly a fixed value. Therefore, we proposed a meta-Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered-Susceptible (SEIRS) model by adding a time-varying SARS-CoV-2 reinfection rate to the transmission dynamics model to more accurately characterize the changes in the number of infected persons.

Epitaxial Growth of Two-Dimensional Organic Crystals with In-Plane Heterostructured Domain Regulation.

Complex organic lateral heterostructures (OLHs) with spatial distribution of two or more chemical components are crucial for designing and realizing unique structure-dependent optoelectronic applications. However, the precise design of well-defined OLHs with flexible domain regulation remains a considerable challenge. Herein, we present a stepwise solution self-assembly method to synthesize two-dimensional (2D) OLHs with a central rhombus domain and a lateral region featuring tunable blue and green emission based on the sequential nucleation and growth of 2D crystals.

Metabolomics combined with network pharmacology to investigate the pharmacodynamic components and potential mechanisms of the spermatogenic function of the Youjing granule.

This study aims to identify potential efficacy-related biomarkers and investigate the mechanism of Youjing granule (YG) in improving spermatogenic function in rats based on metabolomics combined with network pharmacology. We obtained YG-containing serum from Sprague-Dawley rats, compared it with control group serum and analyzed it using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy to identify potential biomarkers and investigate the mechanism of YG in improving spermatogenic function in rats. Six important differential biomarkers, comprising putrescine, amidine, arginine, d-fructose-6-phosphate, l-proline and galactose, were identified in the YG-containing serum and then used to explore the potential mechanisms.

Protocol for a randomized controlled trial of intensive blood pressure control on cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with atrial fibrillation: Rationale and design of the CRAFT trial.

Background: Co-morbid hypertension is strong predictor of adverse cardiovascular (CV) outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) but the optimal target for blood pressure (BP) control in this patient population has not been clearly defined.

Methods: The Cardiovascular Risk reduction in patients with Atrial Fibrillation Trial (CRAFT) is an investigator-initiated and conducted, international, multicenter, open-label, parallel-group, blinded outcome assessed, randomized controlled trial of intensive BP control in patients with AF. The aim is to determine whether intensive BP control (target home systolic blood pressure [SBP] <120 mmHg) is superior to standard BP control (home SBP <135 mmHg) on the hierarchical composite outcome of time to CV death, number of stroke events, time to the first stroke, number of myocardial infarction (MI) events, time to the first MI, number of heart failure hospitalization (HFH) events, and time to the first HFH.

In-Situ Polymerized High-Voltage Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries with Dual-Reinforced Stable Interfaces.

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) represent a pivotal advance toward high-energy solid-state lithium metal batteries. However, inadequate interfacial contact remains a significant bottleneck, impeding scalability and application. Inadequate interfacial contact remains a significant bottleneck, impeding scalability and application.

Efficacy and Safety of Pemafibrate, a Novel Selective PPARα Modulator in Chinese Patients with Dyslipidemia: A Double-Masked, Randomized, Placebo- and Active-Controlled Comparison Trial.

Aims: Pemafibrate substantially lowers serum triglyceride (TG) levels and increases high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels primarily in Japan, but it has not been evaluated in China. We aimed to confirm the efficacy and safety of pemafibrate in Chinese patients with hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL-C levels by comparing placebo and fenofibrate.

Methods: A multicenter, double-masked trial was conducted in China involving 344 patients with high TG and low HDL-C levels randomly assigned to one of four groups: pemafibrate 0.

Abscisic acid-mediated autoregulation of the MYB41-BRAHMA module enhances drought tolerance in Arabidopsis.

Drought stress poses a substantial challenge to plant growth and agricultural productivity worldwide. Upon water depletion, plants activate an abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway, leading to stomatal closure to reduce water loss. The MYB family of transcription factors plays diverse roles in growth, development, stress responses, and biosynthesis, yet their involvement in stomatal regulation remains unclear.

Localized Path Planning for Mobile Robots Based on a Subarea-Artificial Potential Field Model.

The artificial potential field method has efficient obstacle avoidance ability, but this traditional method suffers from local minima, unreasonable paths, and sudden changes in heading angles during obstacle avoidance, leading to rough paths and increased energy consumption. To enable autonomous mobile robots (AMR) to escape from local minimum traps and move along reasonable, smooth paths while reducing travel time and energy consumption, in this paper, an artificial potential field method based on subareas is proposed. First, the optimal virtual subgoal was obtained around the obstacles based on the relationship between the AMR, obstacles, and goal points in the local environment.

Association between anti-SSA autoantibodies and conduction disturbances in heart failure.

Background: Conduction disturbances play an important role in the occurrence and development of heart failure (HF). Studies suggest autoantibodies may attack the conduction system. However, whether autoantibodies are associated with conduction disturbances in patients with HF is unclear.

Deep Learning-Based Design Method for Acoustic Metasurface Dual-Feature Fusion.

Existing research in metasurface design was based on trial-and-error high-intensity iterations and requires deep acoustic expertise from the researcher, which severely hampered the development of the metasurface field. Using deep learning enabled the fast and accurate design of hypersurfaces. Based on this, in this paper, an integrated learning approach was first utilized to construct a model of the forward mapping relationship between the hypersurface physical structure parameters and the acoustic field, which was intended to be used for data enhancement.

Association between blood pressure variability and risk of kidney function decline in hypertensive patients without chronic kidney disease: a post hoc analysis of Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial study.

Background: Blood pressure variability (BPV) is a risk factor for poor kidney function independent of blood pressure (BP) in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Little is known about the association between kidney function decline and BPV in hypertensive patients without CKD.

Methods: A post-hoc analysis of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) was performed.

AKR1C2 genetic variants mediate tobacco carcinogens metabolism involving bladder cancer susceptibility.

Tobacco carcinogens metabolism-related genes (TCMGs) could generate reactive metabolites of tobacco carcinogens, which subsequently contributed to multiple diseases. However, the association between genetic variants in TCMGs and bladder cancer susceptibility remains unclear. In this study, we derived TCMGs from metabolic pathways of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and tobacco-specific nitrosamines, and then explored genetic associations between TCMGs and bladder cancer risk in two populations: a Chinese population of 580 cases and 1101 controls, and a European population of 5930 cases and 5468 controls, along with interaction and joint analyses.

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase IIa, clinical study on investigating the efficacy and safety of SPH3127 tablet in patients with essential hypertension.

Around 70% of patients diagnosed with hypertension exhibit increased levels of renin. SPH3127, an inventive renin inhibitor, has shown favorable tolerability and sustained pharmacodynamic inhibitory impact on plasma renin activity (PRA) during previous phase I trials. This phase II study was conducted to investigate the efficacy and safety of SPH3127 in patients with essential hypertension.

Research on local sound field intensity control technique in metasurface based on deep neural networks.

The use of tunable metasurface technology to realize the underwater tracking function of submarines, which is one of the hotspots and difficulties in submarine design. The structure-to-sound-field metasurface design approach is a highly iterative process based on trial and error. The process is cumbersome and inefficient.

Targeted Delivery of Catalase and Photosensitizer Ce6 by a Tumor-Specific Aptamer Is Effective against Bladder Cancer In Vivo.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is often applied in a clinical setting to treat bladder cancer. However, current photosensitizers report drawbacks such as low efficacy, low selectivity, and numerous side effects, which have limited the clinical values of PDT for bladder cancer. Previously, we developed the first bladder cancer-specific aptamer that can selectively bind to and be internalized by bladder tumor cells versus normal uroepithelium cells.

Periostin/Bone Morphogenetic Protein 1 axis axis regulates proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of sutured mesenchymal stem cells and affects coronal suture closure in the TWIST1 mouse model of craniosynostosis.

Background And Objective: The pathogenesis of coronal suture craniosynostosis is often attributed to the dysregulated cellular dynamics, particularly the excessive proliferation and abnormal osteogenic differentiation of suture cells. Despite its clinical significance, the molecular mechanims of this condition remain inadequately understood. This study is dedicated to exploring the influence of the Periostin/Bone Morphogenetic Protein 1 (BMP1) axis on the growth and osteogenic maturation of Suture Mesenchymal Stem Cells (SMSCs), which are pivotal in suture homeostasis.

TARGET OF MONOPTEROS: key transcription factors orchestrating plant development and environmental response.

Plants have an incredible ability to sustain root and vascular growth after initiation of the embryonic root and the specification of vascular tissue in early embryos. Microarray assays have revealed that a group of transcription factors, TARGET OF MONOPTEROS (TMO), are important for embryonic root initiation in Arabidopsis. Despite the discovery of their auxin responsiveness early on, their function and mode of action remained unknown for many years.

KLF7 promotes colon adenocarcinoma progression through the PDGFB signaling pathway.

Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is the most common malignancy of the digestive tract, which is characterized by a dismal prognosis. No effective treatment has been established presently, thus there is an urgent need to understand the mechanisms driving COAD progression in order to develop effective therapeutic approaches and enhance clinical outcomes. In this study, we found that KLF7 is overexpressed in COAD tissues and correlated with clinicopathological features of COAD.

Body mass index, frailty, and outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Aims: Relationship between body mass index (BMI), frailty, and clinical adverse events remains unclear in patients with heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in different patient populations. We aimed to compare the association of BMI, frailty, and clinical adverse events between a US cohort from the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure with an Aldosterone Antagonist (TOPCAT) study and a Chinese cohort from the Heart Failure Registry of Patient Outcomes (HERO) study.

Methods And Results: We used data of 1715 participants enrolled from America in the TOPCAT study and 1487 patients with HFpEF in the Chinese registry study, the HERO.