The combination of BRAF mutation and Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System is helpful in the management of AUS/FLUS thyroid nodules.

Purpose: To explore the utility of the BRAF mutation in combination with the Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (C-TIRADS) in the management of atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS) thyroid nodule (TN).

Methods: 138 AUS/FLUS TNs in 129 patients were included. Each TN underwent preoperative BRAF mutation analysis and was classified using the C-TIRADS.

Aptamer and Peptide-Modified Lipid-Based Drug Delivery Systems in Application of Combined Sequential Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is known as the most common malignancy of the hepatobiliary system with a continued increase in incidence but limited therapeutic options. Nanomedicine has provided a promising strategy through engineered nanocarriers that are capable of targeting therapeutic agents specifically to tumor cells. In this research, two aptamer/peptide-modified lipid-based drug delivery systems (A54-PEG-SLN/OXA and A15-PEG-SLN/SAL) were developed as a sequential therapeutic strategy to conquer specific hepatocellular carcinoma.

Dual-Channel Theranostic System for Quantitative Self-Indication and Low-Temperature Synergistic Therapy of Cancer.

A conventional theranostic system usually employs a single fluorescence channel to show the pharmacokinetic events, which usually fails to quantitatively reveal the true cumulative drug release and with low accuracy. Herein, indocyanine green (ICG) and chlorins e6 (Ce6) are selected not only as conventional photothermal/photodynamic agents, but also to offer two independent fluorescence channels to cross validate the authenticity of pharmacokinetic events and to quantitatively reveal cumulative drug release in tumor tissues in a "turn on" manner. Employing the Ca of amorphous calcium carbonate as a reversible linker, the photosensitivity and fluorescence of Ce6 are physically quenched by ICG during circulation to reduce the side effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) while being readily restored in tumor tissue to reveal the quantitative drug release.

Water/pH dual responsive in situ calcium supplement collaborates simvastatin for osteoblast promotion mediated osteoporosis therapy via oral medication.

Calcium supplement is the most commonly adopted treatment for osteoporosis but usually requires high dose and frequency. The modality of calcium supplement is therefore overlooked by current nanomedicine-based osteoporosis therapies without proper oral formulations. Herein, we proposed a tetracycline (Tc) modified and monostearin (MS) coated amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) platform (TMA) as oral bone targeted and osteoporosis microenvironment (water/pH) responsive carrier for in situ calcium supplement.

Enhanced intensity on preoperative double contrast-enhanced sonography as a useful indicator of lymph node metastasis in patients with gastric cancer.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive value of enhanced intensity on double contrast-enhanced sonography in assessing lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer.

Methods: A total of 357 patients with gastric cancer were enrolled in this study. Double contrast-enhanced sonography, in which an oral ultrasound contrast agent is combined with an intravenous contrast agent, was performed preoperatively, and the data were analyzed quantitatively.

[Research progress of neural stem cells signal transduction pathway].

Objective: To summarize Notch, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) and Wnt gene signal transduction pathways in the process of differentiation and development of neural stem cells.

Methods: The literature on the gene signal transduction pathway in the process of differentiation and development of neural stem cells was searched and then summarized and analyzed.

Results: The formation of Nervous System resulted from common actions of multi-signal transduction pathways.