Rationally designed CaTiO/MnCdS/NiC S-scheme/Schottky integrated heterojunction for efficient photocatalytic H evolution.

Developing effective photocatalysts to achieve stable and efficient solar-induced hydrogen production remains a significant challenge due to rapid photocarrier recombination and sluggish hydrogen evolution kinetics. Here, a multi-interfacial engineering strategy involving the decoration of metallic NiC onto CaTiO/MnCdS was proposed to create an S-scheme/Schottky hybrid heterostructure with multiple carrier transport paths for effective photocatalytic H production. Exploiting the synergy between S-scheme heterojunction and Schottky barrier, the engineered ternary CaTiO/MnCdS/NiC hybrid heterojunction exhibits outstanding photostability and significantly enhanced hydrogen evolution activity of 79.

Screening of potentially active compounds against rheumatoid arthritis in the Juan-Bi decoction using systems pharmacology and animal experiments.

The Juan-Bi decoction (JBD) is a classic traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) prescription for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the active compounds of the JBD in RA treatment remain unclear. The aim of this study is to screen effective compounds in the JBD for RA treatment using systems pharmacology and experimental approaches.

The global distribution of the macrolide esterase EstX from the alpha/beta hydrolase superfamily.

Macrolide antibiotics, pivotal in clinical therapeutics, are confronting resistance challenges mediated by enzymes like macrolide esterases, which are classified into Ere-type and the less studied Est-type. In this study, we provide the biochemical confirmation of EstX, an Est-type macrolide esterase that initially identified as unknown protein in the 1980s. EstX is capable of hydrolyzing four 16-membered ring macrolides, encompassing both veterinary (tylosin, tidipirosin, and tilmicosin) and human-use (leucomycin A5) antibiotics.

Exercise attenuates mitochondrial autophagy and neuronal degeneration in MPTP induced Parkinson's disease by regulating inflammatory pathway.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neuronal loss of dopamine and drugs used for its management has several limitations. The present report determines the effect of exercise on mitochondrial autophagy against PD. Parkinson's disease was induced by 15 doses of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP; 30 mg/kg, i.

Mutation of TRPML1 Channel and Pathogenesis of Neurodegeneration in Haimeria.

Neurodegenerative diseases, a group of debilitating disorders, have garnered increasing attention due to their escalating prevalence, particularly among aging populations. Alzheimer's disease (AD) reigns as a prominent exemplar within this category, distinguished by its relentless progression of cognitive impairment and the accumulation of aberrant protein aggregates within the intricate landscape of the brain. While the intricate pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases has been the subject of extensive investigation, recent scientific inquiry has unveiled a novel player in this complex scenario-transient receptor potential mucolipin 1 (TRPML1) channels.

Biochemical characterization and key catalytic residue identification of a novel alpha-agarase with CBM2 domain.

Agarooligosaccharides have great potential in food industry because of their various bio-activities, while the limited availability and diversity of α-agarases hinder agarooligosaccharides' broader application. To overcome this limitation, a computer-assisted method was used to screen and identify novel agarases. Firstly, one novel α-agarase, AgaB, with an -terminal CBM2 domain (the first report of this domain in agarases), was discovered.

Construction of 2D/1D CuS nanosheets/MnCdS nanorods heterojunction for highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

Developing cost-effective cocatalyst-modified photocatalytic systems with boosted carrier separation and rapid surface catalytic reaction is an ideal strategy for effectively converting solar energy into desired fuels. Herein, a series of CuS/MnCdS hierarchical heterostructures are designed and fabricated to achieve efficient and robust photocatalytic H evolution by coupling one-dimensional (1D) MnCdS nanorods with two-dimensional (2D) CuS nanosheets through a facile sonochemical strategy. Benefiting from dimensionality and cocatalyst effects, the constructed 2D/1D CuS/MnCdS heterojunction photocatalyst containing 1.

Underlying Mechanisms and Tunability of the Anomalous Hall Effect in NiCo O Films with Robust Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy.

Their high tunability of electronic and magnetic properties makes transition-metal oxides (TMOs) highly intriguing for fundamental studies and promising for a wide range of applications. TMOs with strong ferrimagnetism provide new platforms for tailoring the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) beyond conventional concepts based on ferromagnets, and particularly TMOs with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) are of prime importance for today's spintronics. This study reports on transport phenomena and magnetic characteristics of the ferrimagnetic TMO NiCo O (NCO) exhibiting PMA.

Large-Area Synthesis of Ferromagnetic Fe GeTe /Graphene van der Waals Heterostructures with Curie Temperature above Room Temperature.

Van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures combining layered ferromagnets and other 2D crystals are promising building blocks for the realization of ultracompact devices with integrated magnetic, electronic, and optical functionalities. Their implementation in various technologies depends strongly on the development of a bottom-up scalable synthesis approach allowing for realizing highly uniform heterostructures with well-defined interfaces between different 2D-layered materials. It is also required that each material component of the heterostructure remains functional, which ideally includes ferromagnetic order above room temperature for 2D ferromagnets.

Exercise preconditioning attenuates cerebral ischemia-induced neuronal apoptosis, Th17/Treg imbalance, and inflammation in rats by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.

Background: Exercise preconditioning (EP) is essential for preventing ischemic stroke. Recent studies have shown that EP exerts neuroprotective effects in the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury model. Nonetheless, there have been few reports on the relationship between EP and the Th17/Treg balance.

Efficacy and safety of Tuina (Chinese Therapeutic Massage) for knee osteoarthritis: A randomized, controlled, and crossover design clinical trial.

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a highly prevalent joint disease among the middle-aged and elderly population that can lead to pain, functional impairment, decreased quality of life, and a large number of medical expenses. Physical therapy is one of the main treatment methods for KOA. In China, Tuina has been widely used in the treatment of KOA, but up to now, there is no high-quality medical evidence to support its effectiveness and safety.

Formation and Evolution of Micro/Nano Periodic Ripples on 2205 Stainless Steel Machined by Femtosecond Laser.

The preparation of micro/nano periodic surface structures using femtosecond laser machining technology has been the academic frontier and hotspot in recent years. The formation and evolution of micro/nano periodic ripples were investigated on 2205 stainless steel machined by femtosecond laser. Using single spot irradiation with fixed laser fluences and various pulse numbers, typical ripples, including nano HSFLs (‖), nano LSFLs (⟂), nano HSFLs (⟂) and micro grooves (‖), were generated one after another in one test.

Changing patterns of the East Asian monsoon drive shifts in migration and abundance of a globally important rice pest.

Numerous insects including pests and beneficial species undertake windborne migrations over hundreds of kilometers. In East Asia, climate-induced changes in large-scale atmospheric circulation systems are affecting wind-fields and precipitation zones and these, in turn, are changing migration patterns. We examined the consequences in a serious rice pest, the brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens) in East China.

Antimicrobial high molecular weight pectin polysaccharides production from diverse citrus peels using a novel PL10 family pectate lyase.

The discovery of environmentally friendly enzymes that can convert inexpensive and abundant citrus peel pectin into high value-added product is a potential avenue for the citrus peel application. In this study, a novel PL10-family pectate lyase (pelA) was characterized from marine bacterium Echinicola pacifica. PelA was a Ca dependent pectate lyase whose activity was highest at pH 8 and 40 °C.

Analysis of the Basic Characteristics and Teaching Environment and Mode of Music Appreciation Course Based on Core Literacy.

The main goals of a music appreciation course are to develop college students' emotions, improve their musical abilities, and strengthen their conceptual framework. This essay primarily introduces the fundamental elements and instructional approach of a music appreciation course built on core literacy. In order to clarify the need for and orientation of basic literacy in college music appreciation teaching, as well as to understand the special value of the subject, we conducted research on the relationship between basic literacy and college music appreciation teaching.

The Mobile Phone Addiction and Depression Among High School Students: The Roles of Cyberbullying Victimization, Perpetration, and Gender.

Objective: To examine the relation between mobile phone addiction and high school students' depression, and its inner mechanism-the sequential mediating roles of the cyberbullying victimization and the cyberbullying perpetration in this relationship.

Methods: 1297 high school students were recruited to complete the Smartphone Addiction Scale, European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale.

Results: (1) Mobile phone addiction was positively correlated with and high school students' depression; (2) cyberbullying victimization and the cyberbullying perpetration significantly mediated the relation between mobile phone addiction and high school students' depression, which contained tow mediating paths-the independent mediating effects of cyberbullying victimization and the sequential mediating effect of cyberbullying victimization and the cyberbullying perpetration; (3) there are gender differences in the sequential mediation model, and boys who are victims of cyberbullying are more likely to develop into cyberbullying perpetrators than girls.

Hypertension management in elderly with severe intracerebral hemorrhage.

Objective: To explore the effect of individualized blood pressure (BP)-lowering treatment on the outcomes of elderly patients with severe intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods: We performed an exploratory analysis of Controlling Hypertension After Severe Cerebrovascular Event (CHASE) trial, which was a multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Patients with severe ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke (defined as GCS ≤ 12 or NIHSS ≥ 11) were randomized into individualized versus standard BP-lowering treatment in CHASE trial.

miR-221 Exerts Neuroprotective Effects in Ischemic Stroke by Inhibiting the Proinflammatory Response.

Background: Ischemic stroke is clearly affected by microRNAs (miRNAs) due to dysfunction of their regulatory networks. Our clinical data confirmed decreased miR-221 levels in plasma collected from patients with acute ischemia compared with plasma from healthy controls. Therefore, we further aimed to demonstrate the regulatory mechanisms by which miR-221 exerts its neuroprotective effects in acute ischemic brain injury.

Blood pressure variability and outcome in acute severe stroke: A post hoc analysis of CHASE-A randomized controlled trial.

The influence of blood pressure variability (BPV) on outcomes in patients with severe stroke is still largely unsettled. Using the data of CHASE trial, the authors calculated the BPV during the acute phase and subacute phase of severe stroke, respectively. The primary outcome was to investigate the relationship between BPV and 90-day modified Rankin scale (mRS) ≥ 3.

Discovery of Pyrido[2,3-]indole Derivatives with Gram-Negative Activity Targeting Both DNA Gyrase and Topoisomerase IV.

The rise of multidrug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative (GN) pathogens and the decline of available antibiotics that can effectively treat these severe infections are a major threat to modern medicine. Developing novel antibiotics against MDR GN pathogens is particularly difficult as compounds have to permeate the GN double membrane, which has very different physicochemical properties, and have to circumvent a plethora of resistance mechanisms such as multiple efflux pumps and target modifications. The bacterial type II topoisomerases DNA gyrase (GyrAB) and Topoisomerase IV (ParCE) are highly conserved targets across all bacterial species and validated in the clinic by the fluoroquinolones.

Controlling Hypertension After Severe Cerebrovascular Event (CHASE): A randomized, multicenter, controlled study.

Background: The optimal blood pressure lowering target in the acute phase of severe stroke is uncertain. Our aim was to compare the efficacy and safety of individualized blood pressure lowering with standard blood pressure lowering in severe stroke.

Methods: Five-hundred consecutive patients with acute severe stroke and elevated BP were recruited from 26 Chinese hospitals.

Remote ischemic postconditioning attenuates damage in rats with chronic cerebral ischemia by upregulating the autophagolysosome pathway via the activation of TFEB.

The transcription factor EB (TFEB) is known for its role in lysosomal biogenesis, and it coordinates this process by driving autophagy and lysosomal gene expression during ischemia. In the present study, we aimed to explore the role of the TFEB-regulated autophagolysosome pathway (ALP) in rats with chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) that were treated with remote ischemic postconditioning (RIPC). A modified 2-vessel occlusion (2-VO) method was utilized to establish the CCI rat model, and the CCI rats were identified by the Morris water maze test and histological staining.