Flecainide and risk of skin neoplasms: Results of a large nested case-control study in Spain and Denmark.

A previous study in Denmark suggested an increased melanoma risk associated with the use of flecainide. To study the association between flecainide use and the risk of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer in Spain and Denmark. We conducted a multi-database case-control study in (database/study period) Spain (SIDIAP/2005-2017 and BIFAP/2007-2017) and Denmark (Danish registries/2001-2018).

The prevalence and incidence rate of overweight and obesity among 2.5 million children and adolescents in Spain.

Introduction And Objectives: Childhood obesity trends are plateauing in Spain, but limited information is available about how they differ by region. This study assessed childhood and adolescent the prevalence and incidence of overweight and obesity from 2005 to 2017 across 8 Spanish regions.

Methods: This longitudinal study used height and weight measurements from 2.

Major bleeding in users of direct oral anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation: A pooled analysis of results from multiple population-based cohort studies.

Objective: To establish the risk of major bleeding in direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) users (overall and by class) versus vitamin K antagonist (VKA) users, using health care databases from four European countries and six provinces in Canada.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed according to a similar protocol. First-users of VKAs or DOACs with a diagnosis of non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) were included.

Use of hydrochlorothiazide and risk of skin cancer in a large nested case-control study in Spain.

Purpose: Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) use has been linked to skin cancer in northern European countries. We assessed the association between HCTZ exposure and risk of malignant melanoma (MM) and keratinocyte carcinoma (KC) in a European Mediterranean population.

Methods: Two parallel nested case-control studies were conducted in Spain using two electronic primary healthcare databases, each one providing data on both exposure and outcomes: SIDIAP and BIFAP.

Comparing risk of major bleeding between users of different oral anticoagulants in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation.

Aims: The introduction of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) has broadened the treatment arsenal for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, but observational studies on the benefit-risk balance of DOACs compared to vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) are needed. The aim of this study was to characterize the risk of major bleeding in DOAC users using longitudinal data collected from electronic health care databases from 4 different EU-countries analysed with a common study protocol.

Methods: A cohort study was conducted among new users (≥18 years) of DOACs or VKAs with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation using data from the UK, Spain, Germany and Denmark.

Changes in Alcohol Consumption and Associated Variables among Older Adults in Spain: A population-based cohort study.

We examined prospective changes in drinking patterns and their associations with socio-behavioral and health status variables in older adults in Spain using data from a prospective cohort of 2,505 individuals (53.3% women) representative of the non-institutionalized population aged >60 years in Spain. Alcohol consumption was assessed at baseline (2008-10) and at follow-up (2012) with a validated diet history.

Incidence of direct oral anticoagulant use in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and characteristics of users in 6 European countries (2008-2015): A cross-national drug utilization study.

Aims: To estimate the incidence of direct oral anticoagulant drug (DOAC) use in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and to describe user and treatment characteristics in 8 European healthcare databases representing 6 European countries.

Methods: Longitudinal drug utilization study from January 2008 to December 2015. A common protocol approach was applied.

Alcohol consumption and all-cause mortality in older adults in Spain: an analysis accounting for the main methodological issues.

Background And Aims: Observational evidence that light-to-moderate alcohol consumption lowers mortality is questioned because of potential selection biases and residual confounding. We assess the association between alcohol intake and all-cause death in older adults after accounting for those methodological issues.

Methods: Data came from 3045 individuals representative of the non-institutionalized population aged ≥ 60 years in Spain.

Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance are associated with frailty in older adults: a prospective cohort study.

Background: diabetes increases the risk of frailty that is a leading cause of disability and premature mortality in older people. Metabolic syndrome (MS) and insulin resistance (IR) are strong risk factors for diabetes and could, thus, lead to frailty. However, the association between MS or IR and frailty has barely been investigated.

Social Inequalities in Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Older Adults in Spain: The Seniors-ENRICA Study.

Introduction And Objectives: To examine the distribution of the main cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) according to socioeconomic level (SEL) among older adults in Spain.

Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in 2008-2010 with 2699 individuals representative of the noninstitutionalized Spanish population aged ≥ 60 years. Socioeconomic level was assessed using educational level, occupation, and father's occupation.

Alcohol drinking patterns and risk of functional limitations in two cohorts of older adults.

Background & Aims: Several studies have found that moderate alcohol intake is associated with lower risk of functional limitations in older adults. However, no previous investigation has assessed this association in older adults from Mediterranean countries, who show characteristic drinking patterns.

Methods: Data were taken from the UAM and the Seniors-ENRICA cohorts in Spain, comprising community-dwelling people aged ≥60 years.

Correction: Mediterranean Diet and Health-Related Quality of Life in Two Cohorts of Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Habitual coffee consumption and 24-h blood pressure control in older adults with hypertension.

Background & Aims: In normotensive and hypertensive individuals, blood pressure (BP) rises acutely during a few hours following coffee or caffeine consumption. However, the effect of habitual coffee consumption on BP and BP control is uncertain. The aim of this study was to assess the association of habitual coffee consumption on 24-h BP and BP control among older adults with hypertension.

Unhealthy eating behaviors and weight gain: A prospective study in young and middle-age adults.

Objective: Guidelines for obesity prevention recommend reducing certain unhealthy eating behaviors (UEB). However, the association between UEB and weight gain is uncertain.

Methods: Prospective cohort with 1,638 individuals aged 18-60 years was recruited in 2008-2010.

Mediterranean Diet and Health-Related Quality of Life in Two Cohorts of Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Introduction: In older adults, the Mediterranean diet is associated with lower risk of chronic diseases, but its association with health-related quality of life (HRQL) is still uncertain. This study assessed the association between the Mediterranean diet and HRQL in 2 prospective cohorts of individuals aged ≥60 years in Spain.

Methods: The UAM-cohort (n = 2376) was selected in 2000/2001 and followed-up through 2003.

Contribution of health behaviours and clinical factors to socioeconomic differences in frailty among older adults.

Background: To examine the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and risk of frailty, and to assess whether behavioural and clinical factors (BCF) mediate this association.

Methods: Cohort of 1857 non-institutionalised individuals aged ≥ 60 years recruited in 2008-2010 and followed through 2012. Education, occupation, and BCF were ascertained at baseline, and incident frailty was assessed at follow-up with the Fried frailty criteria.

Chocolate and health-related quality of life: a prospective study.

Background: Chocolate consumption has been associated with a short-term reduction in blood pressure and cholesterol, and improvement of insulin sensitivity; however, participants could not be aware of presenting hypertension or hypercholesterolemia. Moreover, the effect of chocolate on mental health is uncertain. This study assessed the association of regular chocolate consumption with the physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) components of health-related quality of life (HRQL).

Obesity, fat distribution, and risk of frailty in two population-based cohorts of older adults in Spain.

Objective: To evaluate for the first time the longitudinal relationship between abdominal obesity and the onset of frailty.

Methods: Study based on results from two population-based cohorts, the Seniors-ENRICA, with 1801 individuals aged ≥60, and the Toledo Study for Healthy Ageing (TSHA), with 1289 participants ≥65 years. Incident frailty was assessed with the Fried criteria.

Major dietary patterns and risk of frailty in older adults: a prospective cohort study.

Background: There is emerging evidence of the role of certain nutrients as risk factors for frailty. However, people eat food, rather than nutrients, and no previous study has examined the association between dietary patterns empirically derived from food consumption and the risk of frailty in older adults.

Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of 1,872 non-institutionalized individuals aged ≥60 years recruited between 2008 and 2010.

Patterns of alcohol consumption in the older population of Spain, 2008-2010.

Background: Older adults are a growing segment of the European population and alcohol is an important cause of disease burden; thus, it is noteworthy that little information is available on alcohol intake among older adults in Europe.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine alcohol consumption patterns and their association with demographic and clinical variables in the older population of Spain.

Design: This was a cross-sectional study.

The association of major patterns of physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep with health-related quality of life: a cohort study.

Objective: To examine the prospective association of patterns of physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep with health-related quality of life (HRQL) in the general population of Spain.

Methods: A cohort study with 4271 individuals aged ≥ 18 years was recruited in 2008-2010 and followed-up prospectively through 2012. Activity patterns were derived from factor analysis.

Mediterranean diet and risk of frailty in community-dwelling older adults.

Background And Objective: Low intake of certain micronutrients and protein has been associated with higher risk of frailty. However, very few studies have assessed the effect of global dietary patterns on frailty. This study examined the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and the risk of frailty in older adults.

Three-year changes in drinking patterns in Spain: a prospective population-based cohort study.

Background: This study examined changes in alcohol drinking patterns (DP) and associated variables in a Mediterranean country.

Methods: Changes in DP between baseline (2008-2010) and follow-up (2012-2013) were examined on a Spanish population-based cohort of 2254 adults (18-59 years) using multinomial logistic regression. Heavy consumption was defined as ≥40 g/day of alcohol in men (≥24 g/day in women) and binge drinking (BD) as the intake of ≥80 g of alcohol in men (≥60 g in women) on one occasion in the previous month.