Gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with bilateral adrenal metastasis.

Extranodal adrenal involvement in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is very rare, estimated to be around less than 0.2%. Most common sites involved are stomach, intestine and testis.

Parasite infection and tuberculosis disease among children: a case-control study.

We conducted a case-control study to examine associations between parasite infection, including protozoa infection, and tuberculosis (TB) in children in Lima, Peru. We enrolled 189 matched-pairs. In multivariable conditional logistic regression analyses, Blastocystis hominis infection (rate ratio = 0.

Modifiable factors associated with tuberculosis disease in children: a case-control study.

We conducted a case-control study among children in Lima, Peru to identify factors associated with tuberculosis disease. Known close contact with someone with tuberculosis disease, prior hospitalization, and history of anemia were associated with a higher tuberculosis disease rate. Consumption of fruits/vegetables ≥5 days/week was associated with a lower rate.

Organizational invariance and metabolic closure: analysis in terms of (M,R) systems.

This article analyses the work of Robert Rosen on an interpretation of metabolic networks that he called (M,R) systems. His main contribution was an attempt to prove that metabolic closure (or metabolic circularity) could be explained in purely formal terms, but his work remains very obscure and we try to clarify his line of thought. In particular, we clarify the algebraic formulation of (M,R) systems in terms of mappings and sets of mappings, which is grounded in the metaphor of metabolism as a mathematical mapping.

Reduced transition between open and inactivated channel states underlies 5HT increased I(Na+) in rat nociceptors.

We previously demonstrated that activation of a 5HT(4) receptor coupled cAMP-dependent signaling pathway increases tetrodotoxin-resistant Na(+) current (I(Na)) in a nociceptor-like subpopulation of rat dorsal root ganglion cells (type 2). In the present study we used electrophysiology experiments and computer modeling studies to explore the mechanism(s) underlying the increase of I(Na) by 5HT. In electrophysiological experiments with type 2 dorsal root ganglion cells, 5HT increased peak I(Na) and the activation and inactivation rate, without significantly affecting the voltage dependency of activation or availability.

Sigmoidal kinetics of glucokinase.

Glucokinases obtained from the liver of several species of mammals and amphibians exhibit sigmoidal saturation functions for glucose. Hill coefficients (nH) are about 1.5, and half-saturation values (K0.