Diagnostic Efficacy of Vibration-Controlled Transient Elastography in Patients With Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Liver Disease and Chronic Hepatitis B.

HBV-infected individuals are also presenting with MASLD. However, the value of VCTE for detecting hepatic fibrosis and steatosis in CHB patients concurrent with MASLD is unclear. In patients with combined CHB and MASLD, we intend to assess the diagnostic efficacy of VCTE in determining the extent of fibrosis and steatosis.

Functional heterogeneity of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in different order branches of mesenteric artery in female/male mice.

Although the mouse mesenteric artery is widely used as a model of resistance vessels, it is unknown which order branch is the best representative and if there is a heterogeneity of vascular activity in different orders. We systematically compared the vasorelaxation between the mouse mesenteric artery's first- and second-order branches. The first- and second-order branches of the mesenteric artery (lumen diameter of >300 μm and 179.

Elucidating novel mechanism of action of spiperone for drug repurposing to prevent and treat murine colitis and sepsis.

Aims: While Ca signaling plays a vital role in maintaining normal endothelial function and vascular activity, aberrant Ca signaling in endothelial dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammation. As a safe anti-psychotic drug to mobilize Ca signaling, we repurposed spiperone as a potential drug for two intestinal epithelial injury related diseases, colitis and sepsis.

Materials And Methods: Spiperone-induced vasorelaxation of human submucosal arterioles and mesenteric arterioles from wide-type and TRPV4 KO mice was determined by Mulvany-style wire myograph.

A Comprehensive Review of Traditional Medicinal Uses, Geographical Distribution, Botanical Characterization, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology of Kitag.

Kitag. () holds significant medicinal value among the genus. It has traditionally been employed in ethnomedicine to address a wide range of conditions, including wind-cold-dampness arthralgia; rheumatic pain in the waist and lower extremities; lumbar muscular strain; injuries resulting from falls, fractures, contusions, and strains; headache; toothache; and abscesses.

N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine induces endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization-mediated vasorelaxation via store-operated calcium entry mechanism in healthy and intestinal inflammatory mice.

Although the store-operated Ca entry (SOCE) plays a critical role in maintaining Ca homeostasis in vascular endothelial cells (VECs), its role in regulating endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH)-mediated vasorelaxation is largely unknown. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are the most common gastrointestinal disorders with no effective cures. The present study applied N,N,N',N'-tetrakis (2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (TPEN) as a Ca chelator in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to study the SOCE/EDH-mediated vasorelaxation of micro-arteries and their involvements in the pathogenesis of IBD and IBS.

A simple method for estimating the coarse lateral root biomass of shrubs using ground-penetrating radar: Validation by Caragana microphylla Lam. in Inner Mongolia.

The potential increases in carbon stocks in arid regions due to recent shrub encroachment have attracted extensive interest among both ecologists and carbon policy analysts. Quantifying the shrub root biomass amount in these ecosystems is essential to understanding the ecological changes occurring. In this paper, we proposed a simple nondestructive method for estimating the coarse lateral root biomass of shrubs based on the root counts obtained from ground-penetrating radar (GPR) radargrams.

Dietary long-chain fatty acids promote colitis by regulating palmitoylation of STAT3 through CD36-mediated endocytosis.

The Western diet, characterized by its high content of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs), is widely recognized as a significant triggering factor for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). While the link between a high-fat diet and colitis has been observed, the specific effects and mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Our study provides evidence that the diet rich in LCFAs can disrupt the integrity of the intestinal barrier and exacerbate experimental colitis in mice.

2'-Fucosyllactose restores the intestinal mucosal barrier in ulcerative colitis by inhibiting STAT3 palmitoylation and phosphorylation.

Background & Aims: 2'-Fucosyllactose (2'-FL), the primary constituent of human milk oligosaccharides, has been identified as a potential regulator of inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease. Despite this recognition, the specific mechanisms through which 2'-FL alleviates ulcerative colitis (UC) remain ambiguous. This study seeks to investigate the potential anti-inflammatory properties of 2'-FL concerning intestinal inflammation and uncover the associated mechanisms.

Regulatory role of Piezo1 channel in endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization-mediated vasorelaxation of small resistance vessels and its anti-inflammatory action.

Aims: Although endothelial Piezo1 channel is known to induce NO-mediated vasorelaxation of conduit vessels, it remains largely unknown if it can induce endothelial-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH)-mediated vasorelaxation of resistance vessels. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate Piezo1/EDH-mediated vasorelaxation in health and its involvement in ulcerative colitis (UC) and sepsis, two intractable and deadly inflammatory diseases.

Main Methods: The tension of the second-order branch of mouse mesenteric artery was measured via the Danish DMT600M microvascular measurement system.

Zinc-sensing receptor activation induces endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization-mediated vasorelaxation of arterioles.

Background: The micronutrient zinc (Zn) is critical for cell function as intracellular signaling and endogenous ligand for Zn sensing receptor (ZnR). Although cytosolic Zn () signaling in the vascular system was studied previously, role of the ZnR has not been explored in vascular physiology.

Methods: ZnR-mediated relaxation response of human submucosal arterioles and the mesenteric arterioles from wide-type (WT), ZnR and TRPV4 mice were determined by a Mulvany-style wire myograph.

Zinc pyrithione induces endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization-mediated mesenteric vasorelaxation in healthy and colitic mice.

Background: Although Zinc pyrithione (ZPT) could lower blood pressure by inducing vasorelaxation, it is unclear if it is able to induce vasorelaxation of mesenteric arterioles in health and ulcerative colitis (UC) to exert anti-colitic action.

Methods: The vasorelaxation of the second-order branch of the mesenteric artery from wide type (WT) mice, TRPV1(KO) mice, and TRPV4(KO) mice was determined using a Mulvany-style wire myograph. Calcium imaging and patch clamp were applied to analyze the actions of ZPT in human vascular endothelial cells.

Cl induces endothelium-dependent mesenteric arteriolar vasorelaxation through the NKCC1/TRPV4/NCX axis.

Aims: Although absorbed NaCl increases intestinal blood flow to facilitate absorption and transportation, it is unclear if it can directly mediate mesenteric arterial relaxation. We aimed to investigate and test our hypothesis that Cl induces mesenteric arterial vasorelaxation via endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH).

Main Methods: We used wire myograph to study NaCl-induced vasorelaxation of mesenteric arteries isolated from mice.

Spatial-temporal characteristics of geological disaster resilience in poverty and disaster-prone areas in China: a case study of Ganzi Prefecture.

Under the tremendous challenges of frequent disasters, disaster resilience is imperative for risk reduction and sustainable management in poverty and disaster-prone areas. Ganzi Prefecture has a complicated topography and vulnerable ecosystems. Geological disasters have historically been the most serious risks in the region.

Close association of PFASs exposure with hepatic fibrosis than steatosis: evidences from NHANES 2017-2018.

Multiple animals and studies have demonstrated that perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) exposure causes liver damage associated with fat metabolism. However, it is lack of population evidence for the correlation between PFAS exposure and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A cross-sectional analysis was performed of 1150 participants aged over 20 from the US.

Estrogen receptor subtype mediated anti-inflammation and vasorelaxation genomic and nongenomic actions in septic mice.

Aim: Sepsis is a life-threatening disease with high mortality worldwide. Septic females have lower severity and mortality than the males, suggesting estrogen exerts a protective action, but nothing is known about the role of vascular endothelial estrogen receptor subtypes in this process. In the present study, we aimed to study the estrogen receptors on mesenteric arterioles in normal and sepsis mice and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Association between perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl internal exposure and serum α-Klotho levels in middle-old aged participants.

Purpose: Exposure to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances causes oxidative stress, which is strongly associated with adverse health effects. Klotho protein plays an anti-aging role via antioxidation activity.

Methods: We investigated the levels of serum α-Klotho and PFAS exposure in adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2013 to 2016.

Effects of intensive blood pressure lowering on cerebral ischaemia in thrombolysed patients: insights from the ENCHANTED trial.

Background: Intensive blood pressure lowering may adversely affect evolving cerebral ischaemia. We aimed to determine whether intensive blood pressure lowering altered the size of cerebral infarction in the 2196 patients who participated in the Enhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombolysis Stroke Study, an international randomised controlled trial of intensive (systolic target 130-140 mm Hg within 1 h; maintained for 72 h) or guideline-recommended (systolic target <180 mm Hg) blood pressure management in patients with hypertension (systolic blood pressure >150 mm Hg) after thrombolysis treatment for acute ischaemic stroke between March 3, 2012 and April 30, 2018.

Methods: All available brain imaging were analysed centrally by expert readers.

Construction of Vicinal All-Carbon Stereogenic Centers via Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Decarboxylative Propargylation: Enantio- and Diastereoselective Synthesis of Substituted Spirolactones.

The formation of vicinal all-carbon quaternary stereocenters remains a formidable challenge. We report herein the synthesis of such highly congested structural dyads by copper-catalyzed decarboxylative propargylation between propargyl carbonates and indanone-based nucleophiles. The implementation of diphenylethylenediamine (DPEN)-based ligands is the key to success.

The CaSR/TRPV4 coupling mediates pro-inflammatory macrophage function.

Aim: Although calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channels are functionally expressed on macrophages, it is unclear if they work coordinately to mediate macrophage function. The present study investigates whether CaSR couples to TRPV4 channels and mediates macrophage polarization via Ca signaling.

Methods: The role of CaSR/TRPV4/Ca signaling was assessed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated peritoneal macrophages (PMs) from wild-type (WT) and TRPV4 knockout (TRPV4 KO) mice.

Effects of the genetic knockout of the β-1,3-galactosyltransferase 2 on spatial learning and neurons in the adult mouse hippocampus and somatosensory cortex.

Objective: Glycosyltransferases contribute to the biosynthesis of glycoproteins, proteoglycans and glycolipids and play essential roles in various processes in the brain, such as learning and memory, brain development, neuronal survival and neurodegeneration. β-1,3-galactosyltransferase 2 (B3galt2) belongs to the β-1,3-galactosyltransferase gene family and is highly expressed in the brain. Recent studies have indicated that B3galt2 plays a vital role in ischemic stroke through several signaling pathways in a mouse model.

Glycyrrhizic Acid Mitigates Tripterygium-Glycoside-Tablet-Induced Acute Liver Injury via PKM2 Regulated Oxidative Stress.

Tripterygium glycoside tablet (TGT), as a common clinical drug, can easily cause liver damage due to the narrow therapeutic window. Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) has a hepatoprotective effect, but the characteristics and mechanism of GA's impact on TGT-induced acute liver injury by regulating oxidative stress remain unelucidated. In this study, TGT-induced acute liver injury models were established in vitro and in vivo.