Novel f-CaO soft sensor for cement clinker based on integrated model of dual-parallel structure.

Aiming at the problem that the cement production process is inherently affected by uncertainty, time delay, and strong coupling among variables, this paper proposed a novel soft sensor of free calcium oxide in a cement clinker. The model utilizes a dual-parallel integrated structure with an optimized integration of one-dimensional convolutional neural networks, long and short-term memory networks, graphical neural networks, and extreme gradient boosting. The proposed model can mitigate the risks associated with overfitting while incorporating the strengths of each individual model and excels in extracting both local and global features as well as temporal and spatial characteristics from the original time series data, ensuring its stability.

Rapid Measurement of Cellulose, Hemicellulose, and Lignin Content in by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Characteristic Variables Selection Methods.

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and characteristic variables selection methods were used to develop a quick method for the determination of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contents in . Calibration models for cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in were established using partial least square regression methods with full variables (full-PLSR). The PLSR calibration models were established by four characteristic variables selection methods, including interval partial least square (iPLS), competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS), correlation coefficient (CC), and genetic algorithm (GA).