Indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic: A cause-of-death analysis of life expectancy changes in 24 countries, 2015 to 2022.

Worldwide, mortality was strongly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, both directly through COVID-19 deaths and indirectly through changes in other causes of death. Here, we examine the impact of the pandemic on COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 mortality in 24 countries: Australia, Austria, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Croatia, Czechia, Denmark, England and Wales, Hungary, Japan, Latvia, Lithuania, The Netherlands, Northern Ireland, Poland, Russia, Scotland, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United States. Using demographic decomposition methods, we compare age- and cause-specific contributions to changes in female and male life expectancy at birth in 2019-2020, 2020-2021, and 2021-2022 with those before the COVID-19 pandemic (2015-2019).

[Land Change Simulation and Grassland Carbon Storage in the Loess Plateau Based on SSP-RCP Scenarios].

Exploring the spatial distribution of land use/coverage (LUCC) and ecosystem carbon reserves in the future of climate change can provide a scientific basis for optimizing the distribution of land resources and formulating social economic sustainable development policies. In this study, we integrated the plaques generating land use simulation (PLUS) model and ecosystem services and weighing comprehensive evaluation (InVEST) model. Based on the CMIP6-based sharing socio-economic path and representative concentration path (SSP-RCP), we evaluated the Loess Plateau for time and space dynamic changes in LUCC and ecosystem carbon reserves, analyzed the impact of driving factors on different regions, and explored the correlation between carbon reserves in various regions.

Bilateral retrobulbar optic neuritis combined with optic perineuritis associated with atezolizumab treatment for small cell lung carcinoma.

Introduction: Ocular immune-related adverse events (OirAEs) associated with novel cancer therapies of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are emerging. Retrobulbar optic neuritis (ON) combined with optic perineuritis (OPN), associated with atezolizumab, has been rarely reported and has a unique clinical manifestation.

Case Description: A 67-year-old woman was diagnosed with small-cell lung cancer.

Expression and possible role of Smad3 in postnecrotizing enterocolitis stricture.

Objective: To investigate the expression of Smad3 (mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3) protein in postnecrotizing enterocolitis stricture and its possible mechanism of action.

Methods: We used immunohistochemistry to detect the expression characteristics of Smad3 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) proteins in human postnecrotizing enterocolitis stricture. We cultured IEC-6 (crypt epithelial cells of rat small intestine) in vitro and inhibited the expression of Smad3 using siRNA technique.

Life expectancy changes since COVID-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic triggered an unprecedented rise in mortality that translated into life expectancy losses around the world, with only a few exceptions. We estimate life expectancy changes in 29 countries since 2020 (including most of Europe, the United States and Chile), attribute them to mortality changes by age group and compare them with historic life expectancy shocks. Our results show divergence in mortality impacts of the pandemic in 2021.

Expression and Possible Role of Silent Mating Type Information Regulation 2 Homolog 1 in Post-necrotizing Enterocolitis Stricture and .

Purpose: To investigate the expression and possible role of Sirtuin1 or Silent mating-type information regulation 2 homolog-1 (SIRT1) in post-necrotizing enterocolitis stricture.

Materials And Methods: The expression characteristics of SIRT1 and TGF-β1 in post-necrotizing enterocolitis stricture were detected by immunohistochemistry. The siRNA-SIRT1 was used to inhibit the expression of SIRT1 in intestinal epithelial cells-6 (IEC-6), and qRT-PCR, WB, and ELISA were utilized to detect the changes of Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), nuclear factor (NF)-κB, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), tight junction protein-1 (ZO-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expressions.

The mRNA and miRNA profiles of goat bronchial epithelial cells stimulated by strains of serotype A and D.

() is a zoonotic bacterium that predominantly colonizes the respiratory tract and lungs of a variety of farmed and wild animals, and causes severe respiratory disease. To investigate the characteristics of the host immune response induced by strains of serotype A and D, high-throughput mRNA-Seq and miRNA-Seq were performed to analyze the changes in goat bronchial epithelial cells stimulated by these two serotypes of for 4 h. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to validate the randomly selected genes and miRNAs.

Quantifying impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic through life-expectancy losses: a population-level study of 29 countries.

Background: Variations in the age patterns and magnitudes of excess deaths, as well as differences in population sizes and age structures, make cross-national comparisons of the cumulative mortality impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic challenging. Life expectancy is a widely used indicator that provides a clear and cross-nationally comparable picture of the population-level impacts of the pandemic on mortality.

Methods: Life tables by sex were calculated for 29 countries, including most European countries, Chile and the USA, for 2015-2020.

Coordinative-to-covalent transformation, isomerization dynamics, and logic gate application of dithienylethene based photochromic cages.

Photochromic coordinative cages containing dynamic C[double bond, length as m-dash]N imine bonds are assembled from a dithienylethene-based aldehyde and tris-amine precursors metallo-component self-assembly. The resulting metal-templated cages are then reduced and demetalated into pure covalent-organic cages (COCs), which are otherwise difficult to prepare organic synthesis. Both the obtained coordinative and covalent cages can be readily interconverted between the ring-open (-isomer) and one-lateral ring-closed (-isomer) forms by UV/vis light irradiation, demonstrating distinct absorption, luminescence and photoisomerization dynamics.

A hybrid transition metal nanocrystal-embedded graphitic carbon nitride nanosheet system as a superior oxygen electrocatalyst for rechargeable Zn-air batteries.

In this study, we, for the first time, demonstrate a general solid-phase pyrolysis method to synthesize hybrid transition metal nanocrystal-embedded graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets, namely M-CNNs, as a highly efficient oxygen electrocatalyst for rechargeable Zn-air batteries (ZABs). The ratios between metallic acetylacetonates and the g-CN precursor can be controlled where Fe-CNNs, Ni-CNNs and Co-NNs composites have been optimized to exhibit superior ORR/OER bifunctional electrocatalytic activities. Specifically, Co-CNNs exhibited not only a comparable half-wave potential (0.

Integrated mRNA and miRNA profiling in NIH/3T3 cells in response to bovine papillomavirus gene expression.

Delta bovine papillomaviruses (δBPVs) mainly infect cattle and cause fibropapillomas. δBPVs encode three oncogenes, , and . The effect of on microRNA (miRNA) and mRNA expression profiles is not well characterized.

Prolyl oligopeptidase regulates progesterone secretion via the ERK signaling pathway in murine luteal cells.

Prolyl oligopeptidase (POP), one of the most widely distributed serine endopeptidases, is highly expressed in the ovaries. However, the physiological role of POP in the ovaries is not clear. In this study, we investigated the significance of POP in the corpus luteum.

Ultrafast water sensing and thermal imaging by a metal-organic framework with switchable luminescence.

A convenient, fast and selective water analysis method is highly desirable in industrial and detection processes. Here a robust microporous Zn-MOF (metal-organic framework, Zn(hpi2cf)(DMF)(HO)) is assembled from a dual-emissive Hhpi2cf (5-(2-(5-fluoro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4,5-bis(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-1-yl)isophthalic acid) ligand that exhibits characteristic excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT). This Zn-MOF contains amphipathic micropores (<3 Å) and undergoes extremely facile single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation driven by reversible removal/uptake of coordinating water molecules simply stimulated by dry gas blowing or gentle heating at 70 °C, manifesting an excellent example of dynamic reversible coordination behaviour.

Homochiral D4-symmetric metal-organic cages from stereogenic Ru(II) metalloligands for effective enantioseparation of atropisomeric molecules.

Absolute chiral environments are rare in regular polyhedral and prismatic architectures, but are achievable from self-assembly of metal-organic cages/containers (MOCs), which endow us with a promising ability to imitate natural organization systems to accomplish stereochemical recognition, catalysis and separation. Here we report a general assembly approach to homochiral MOCs with robust chemical viability suitable for various practical applications. A stepwise process for assembly of enantiopure ΔΔΔΔΔΔΔΔ- and ΛΛΛΛΛΛΛΛ-Pd6(RuL3)8 MOCs is accomplished by pre-resolution of the Δ/Λ-Ru-metalloligand precursors.

Dimension Increase via Hierarchical Hydrogen Bonding from Simple Pincer-like Mononuclear complexes.

A tetradentate symmetric ligand bearing both coordination and hydrogen bonding sites, N(1),N(3)-bis(1-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-ethylidene)propane-1,3-diamine (H2bbepd) was utilized to synthesize a series of transition metal complexes, namely [Co(H2bbepd)(H(2)O)2]·2ClO(4) (1), [Cu(H2bbepd)(OTs(-))]·OTs(-) (2),[Cu(bbepd)(CH(3)OH)] (3), [Cd(H(2)bbepd)(NO3)2]·CH(3)OH (4), [Cd(H(2)bbepd)(CH(3)OH)Cl]·Cl (5), and [Cd(bbepd)(CH(3)OH)2] (6). These complexes show similar discrete pincer-like coordination units, possessing different arrangements of hydrogen bonding donor and acceptor sites. With or without the aid of uncoordinated anions and solvent molecules, such mononuclear units have been effectively involved in the construction of hierarchical hydrogen bonding assemblies (successively via level I and level II), leading to discrete binuclear ring (complex 2), one-dimensional chain or ribbon (complexes 3, 4 and 6) and two-dimensional layer (complexes 1 and 5) aggregates.

Direct white-light and a dual-channel barcode module from Pr(III)-MOF crystals.

Direct white-light emission and further a dual-channel readable barcode module in both visible and NIR region was established by single-component homo-metallic Pr(iii)-MOF crystals for the first time.

Near-infrared (NIR) emitting Nd/Yb(III) complexes sensitized by MLCT states of Ru(II)/Ir(III) metalloligands in the visible light region.

Four Ru(II)/Ir(III) metalloligands have been designed and synthesized from polypyridine and bibenzimidazole (BiBzIm) organic ligands, which show strong visible light absorption via metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) transitions. Nd/Yb(III) complexes were further assembled from these Ru(II)/Ir(III) metalloligands, and Ln(III)-centered NIR emissions can be efficiently sensitized by (3)MLCT states of the metalloligands in the visible-light region. The energy transfer rates for the complexes are generally in the order Nd > Yb, which is due to the better matching between (3)MLCT states of Ru(II)/Ir(III) metalloligands and densely distributed excited states of Nd(III) ions.

Stepwise assembly of Pd(6)(RuL(3))(8) nanoscale rhombododecahedral metal-organic cages via metalloligand strategy for guest trapping and protection.

Stepwise synthesis of nanosized Pd-Ru heteronuclear metal-organic cages from predesigned redox- and photo-active Ru(II)-metalloligand and naked Pd(II) ion is described. The resulting cage shows rhombododecahedral shape and contains a 5350 Å(3) cavity and 12 open windows, facilitating effective trapping of both polar and nonpolar guest molecules. Protection of photosensitive guests against UV radiation is studied.

Highly sensitive detection of organophosphorus pesticides by acetylcholinesterase-coated thin film bulk acoustic resonator mass-loading sensor.

An acetylcholinesterase-coated thin film bulk acoustic resonator has been developed for the detection of organophosphorus pesticides. The thin film bulk acoustic resonator acts as a robust mass-sensitive transducer for bio-sensing. This device works in thickness shear mode with a resonance at 1.

A thin film electro-acoustic enzyme biosensor allowing the detection of trace organophosphorus pesticides.

We report an analytical method using a thin film electro-acoustic resonator for the detection of organophosphorus pesticides. The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme was immobilized on the surface of the resonator. In the presence of organophosphorus compounds, the degree of inhibitory effect of organophosphorus compounds on the AChE activity and the concentration of pesticides were detected in real time by measuring the frequency shift of the resonator.