Nanozyme and bifunctional nanobody-based colorimetric-SERS dual-mode Immunosensor for microcystin-LR detection.

Microcystin-LR (MC-LR), a potent cyanotoxin in freshwater, poses a risk of severe liver damage and other health issues, making its detection vital. However, the detection capabilities of conventional antibodies are constrained, which limited their use in immunoassays. In this work, we designed a new bifunctional nanobody, named A2.