Neutrophil-derived nanovesicles deliver IL-37 to mitigate renal ischemia-reperfusion injury via endothelial cell targeting.

Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is one of the most important causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). Interleukin (IL)-37 has been suggested as a novel anti-inflammatory factor for the treatment of IRI, but its application is still limited by its low stability and delivery efficiency. In this study, we reported a novel engineered method to efficiently and easily prepare neutrophil membrane-derived vesicles (N-MVs), which could be utilized as a promising vehicle to deliver IL-37 and avoid the potential side effects of neutrophil-derived natural extracellular vesicles.

Turning waste into treasure: A new direction for low-cost production of lipid chemicals from Thraustochytrids.

Thraustochytrids are marine microorganisms known for their fast growth and ability to store lipids, making them useful for producing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), biodiesel, squalene, and carotenoids. However, the high cost of production, mainly due to expensive fermentation components, limits their wider use. A significant challenge in this context is the need to balance production costs with the value of the end products.

Enhanced fatty acid storage combined with the multi-factor optimization of fermentation for high-level production of docosahexaenoic acid in Schizochytrium sp.

Schizochytrium sp. hasreceived much attention for itsability to synthesize and accumulate high-level docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which can reach nearly 40 % of total fatty acids. In this study, the titer of DHA in Schizochytrium sp.

Integration of genetic engineering and multi-factor fermentation optimization for co-production of carotenoid and DHA in Schizochytrium sp.

Schizochytrium sp., a microalga with high lipid content, holds the potential for co-producing docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and carotenoids. In this study, the ability of Schizochytrium sp.

Exosomes from miR-23 Overexpressing Stromal Cells Suppress M1 Macrophage and Inhibit Calcium Oxalate Deposition in Hyperoxaluria Rat Model.

Purpose: To investigate whether ADSC-derived miR-23-enriched exosomes could protect against calcium oxalate stone formation in a hyperoxaluria rat model.

Methods: An ethylene glycol- (EG-) induced hyperoxaluria rat model and an in vitro model of COM-induced HK-2 cells coculturing with RAW264.7 cells were established to explore the protective mechanisms of ADSC-derived miR-23-enriched exosomes.

Autologous Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Bioactive Factors Improve Bladder Regeneration.

Insufficient vascularization is still a challenge that impedes bladder tissue engineering and results in unsatisfied smooth muscle regeneration. Since bladder regeneration is a complex articulated process, the aim of this study is to investigate whether combining multiple pathways by exploiting a combination of biomaterials, cells, and bioactive factors, contributes to the improvements of smooth muscle regeneration and vascularization in tissue-engineered bladder. Autologous endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMCs) are cultured and incorporated into our previously prepared porcine bladder acellular matrix (BAM) for bladder augmentation in rabbits.

Synergistic mechanism of processing method for Qixue Shuangbu prescription in the treatment of chronic heart failure based on plasma metabolomics-Systematic bioinformatics.

Previous clinical studies have found that the efficacy of processed Qixue Shuangbu Prescription has been significantly improved in the treatment of chronic heart failure. However, the absorbed constituents and synergistic mechanisms of processed Qixue Shuangbu Prescription to enhance the therapeutic effect of chronic heart failure remain unclear. In this study, we propose an integrated strategy combining plasma metabolomics, network pharmacology, and molecular docking to study the absorbed constituents and synergistic mechanisms of processed Qixue Shuangbu Prescription.

Tumor Cell-Derived Exosomal circ-PRKCI Promotes Proliferation of Renal Cell Carcinoma via Regulating miR-545-3p/CCND1 Axis.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) originates from the epithelial cells of the renal tubules and has a high degree of malignancy and heterogeneity. Recent studies have found that exosomes regulate intercellular communication via transferring various bioactive molecules, such as circular RNAs (circRNAs), which are critical for cancer progression. However, the role of tumor cell-derived exosomal circRNAs in RCC remains unclear.

Comparative pharmacokinetics of seven bioactive components after oral administration of crude and processed Qixue Shuangbu Prescription in chronic heart failure rats by microdialysis combined with UPLC-MS/MS.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Qixue Shuangbu Prescription (QSP) is a classical traditional Chinese medicine prescription, which has widely used for the treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF). Preliminary clinical studies have shown that the efficacy of processed QSP (P-QSP) in treating CHF is greater than crude QSP (C-QSP). However, the pharmacokinetic characteristics of its major bioactive components under pathological conditions are unclear.

Protective effect of fluoxetine against oxidative stress induced by renal ischemia-reperfusion injury via the regulation of miR-450b-5p/Nrf2 axis.

The present study was performed to assess the protective effect of fluoxetine (FLX) on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) via the regulation of miR-450b-5p/Nrf2 axis in male rats. , these male rats were randomly divided into different treatment groups. The rats were administered with FLX (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) once daily for 3 days before operation.

Cystine crystal-induced reactive oxygen species associated with NLRP3 inflammasome activation: implications for the pathogenesis of cystine calculi.

Purpose: To investigate whether cystine crystal-induced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome contribute to cystine calculi formation.

Methods: Slc7a9-knockout rats were created as cystine calculi animal models. Kidney histological examination using TEM and immunohistochemistry were performed.

Sirtuin 4 Inhibits Prostate Cancer Progression and Metastasis by Modulating p21 Nuclear Translocation and Glutamate Dehydrogenase 1 ADP-Ribosylation.

Protein posttranslational modification regulates several biological mechanisms, including tumor progression. In this study, we show that the mitochondrial Sirtuin 4 (SIRT4), which has ADP-ribosylation activity, plays a role in prostate cancer (PCa) progression. Firstly, SIRT4 expression was verified in PCa tissues and cell lines by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blotting.

The Role of P4HA1 in Multiple Cancer Types and its Potential as a Target in Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha 1 (P4HA1) provides the majority of the catalytic site of the active P4H enzyme. Emerging evidence has revealed that P4HA1 participates in the initiation and development of several malignant tumors. However, a pan-cancer analysis of P4HA1 has not been performed.

Comprehensive insight into endothelial progenitor cell-derived extracellular vesicles as a promising candidate for disease treatment.

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which are a type of stem cell, have been found to have strong angiogenic and tissue repair capabilities. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contain many effective components, such as cellular proteins, microRNAs, messenger RNAs, and long noncoding RNAs, and can be secreted by different cell types. The functions of EVs depend mainly on their parent cells.

A nomogram for accurately predicting the pathological upgrading of prostate cancer, based on Ga-PSMA PET/CT.

Purpose: To develop and validate a nomogram for preoperative predicting the pathological upgrading of prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods: The prediction model was developed in a primary cohort that consisted of 208 PCa patients. All patients included in the study possessed both biopsy pathology specimens and radical prostatectomy pathology specimens, and completed the ( Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen [PSMA]) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) detection.

Effect of uncultured adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction on preventing urethral stricture formation in rats.

Urethral stricture (US) remains a challenging disease without effective treatment options due to the high recurrence rate. This study aims to evaluate the preventive effect of uncultured adipose derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) on urethral fibrosis in a rat model of US. Results demonstrated that US rats displayed hyperechogenic urethral wall with a narrowed lumen compared with sham rats, while SVF rats exhibited less extensive urethral changes.

Pan-Cancer Transcriptomic Analysis Identifies PLK1 Crucial for the Tumorigenesis of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) belongs to polo-like kinases family and affects cell cycles. However, the role of PLK1 in some malignant tumors remains unclear.

Methods: To obtain a comprehensive view of PLK1 expression patterns, public databases including The Cancer Genome Atlas, Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia, the Genotype-Tissue Expression, and human cell landscape databases were employed.

Cabazitaxel suppresses the proliferation and promotes the apoptosis and radiosensitivity of castration-resistant prostate cancer cells by inhibiting PI3K/AKT pathway.

Background: Cabazitaxel has been applied to the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), but the molecular mechanism remained to be fully understood.

Methods: After treatment with Cabazitaxel alone or in combination with ionizing radiation (IR), CRPC cell viability, proliferation and apoptosis were determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation, and flow cytometry, respectively. Tumor volume was measured after the establishment of animal xenograft model.

Therapeutic effect of adipose stromal vascular fraction spheroids for partial bladder outlet obstruction induced underactive bladder.

Background: Underactive bladder (UAB) is a common clinical problem but related research is rarely explored. As there are currently no effective therapies, the administration of adipose stromal vascular fraction (ad-SVF) provides a new potential method to treat underactive bladder.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were induced by partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO) for four weeks and randomly divided into three groups: rats treated with PBS (Sham group); rats administrated with ad-SVF (ad-SVF group) and rats performed with ad-SVF spheroids (ad-SVFsp group).

Prostate-specific membrane antigen modulates the progression of prostate cancer by regulating the synthesis of arginine and proline and the expression of androgen receptors and Fos proto-oncogenes.

The expression of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is strikingly upregulated during oncogenesis and prostate cancer (PCa) progression, but the functions of this antigen in PCa remain unclear. Here, we constructed PSMA-knockdown LNCaP and 22rv1 cell lines and performed metabonomic and transcriptomic analyses to determine the effects of PSMA on PCa metabolism and transcription. The metabolism of arginine and proline was detected using specific kits.

NLRP3 inflammasome promoted the malignant progression of prostate cancer via the activation of caspase-1.

It is widely accepted that inflammation is an important risk for the development of prostate cancer (PCa). The objective of this study was designed to investigate the potential molecular mechanism of NLR family, pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the malignant progression of PCa. The expression level of NLRP3 was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization.

The performance of F-PSMA PET/CT in the detection of prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This paper presents a meta-analysis regarding the detection rate (DR) of fluorine-18 (F)-labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA PET/CT) in the management of patients with prostate cancer (PCa). Relevant studies regarding F-PSMA PET/CT in the management of PCa published until June 1, 2021, were electronically searched in online databases including EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science. The primary outcome was the DR of F-PSMA PET/CT in managing PCa patients, while the secondary outcome was the DR of F-PSMA PET/CT according to Gleason scores and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level.

HIST1H2BN induced cell proliferation and EMT phenotype in prostate cancer via NF-κB signal pathway.

Background: The potential role of HIST1H2BN in prostate cancer remains unclear.

Objective: To evaluate the carcinogenic role of HIST1H2BN in prostate cancer.

Methods: The expression of HIST1H2BN in prostate cancer was analyzed using TCGA database and clinical samples.

Therapeutic potential of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes in tissue-engineered bladders.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a therapeutic tool for tissue engineering. However, many studies have recently shown that the therapeutic effects of MSCs are mediated by paracrine signaling and their secretory factors rather than their multidirectional differentiation ability. Exosomes isolated from the conditioned medium of MSCs are considered the main intercellular communication medium between MSCs and their target cells.