Development of a CRISPR-Cas12a system for efficient genome engineering in clostridia.

Continued efforts in developing the CRISPR-Cas systems will further enhance our understanding and utilization of species. This study demonstrates the development and application of a genome-engineering tool in two strains, and , which have promising potential as probiotics and oncolytic agents. Particular attention was given to the folding of precursor crRNA and the role of this process in off-target DNA cleavage by Cas12a.

Refined control of CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing in : the creation of recombinant strains for therapeutic applications.

Despite considerable clinical success, the potential of cancer immunotherapy is restricted by a lack of tumour-targeting strategies. Treatment requires systemic delivery of cytokines or antibodies at high levels to achieve clinically effective doses at malignant sites. This is exacerbated by poor penetration of tumour tissue by therapeutic antibodies.