Assessment of immunologic alterations caused by halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons.

The rational for employing a particular approach and some of the difficulties that can be encountered when adapting immune surveillance to toxicology studies in experimental animals are discussed. Detailed description of methodology will not be reviewed. In general, assays are selected for their reliability, i.

Investigations on the effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on parameters of various immune functions.

The effects of TCDD exposure on parameters of immune function during the developmental period were investigated. Exposures were performed in Fischer/Wistar rats. Fetal and neonatal rats were exposed to TCDD through maternal dosing (5 micrograms/Kg) on day 18 of gestation and on days 0, 7, and 14 of postnatal life (group 1).

Laboratory studies on the immune effects of halogenated aromatics.

The effects of TCDD exposure on the developing immune system were investigated in Wistar/Fischer hybrid or Fischer rats. Fetal and neonatal rats were exposed to TCDD through maternal dosing (5 muk/kg) on day 18 of gestation and on days 0, 7, and 14 of postnatal life (group 1). Another group of neonatal rats was exposed to TCDD through maternal dosing on days 0, 7, and 14 of postnatal life only (group 2).

Effect of chronic developmental lead exposure on cell-mediated immune functions.

Studies were performed to investigate the effects of chronic, low level pre- and post-natal lead exposure on cell-mediated immune function in rats. Weanling female rats were exposed to lead (as lead acetate) in their drinking water at 0, 25, and 50 ppm for 7 weeks. At the end of 7 weeks they were mated with untreated males and continued on the same dosage throughout gestation and lactation.

Effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (TCDF) on the immune system in guinea pigs.

The effects of TCDF exposure on the immune system were investigated in Hartley guinea pigs. TCDF was administered by gavage at doses of 0.05, 0.

Alterations of the antibody response following in utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol.

The antibody response to SRBC and E. coli 0127 lipopolysaccharide were determined in offspring from mice exposed in utero to diethylstilbestrol. The antibody response to SRBC, a T-cell dependent antigen, was similar in control and exposed animals.

Effects of polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) on immune response in rodents.

Studies were performed to investigate the effects of FireMaster FF-1, a chemical fire retardant consisting of a mixture of polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), on immune functions in mice and rats. Animals received 22 daily treatments of 0.03, 0.

Radioimmunoassay for mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in unextracted plasma.

We report a radioimmunoassay for mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate that has been coupled to a protein carrier as a radioligand. Competitive interference tests with a variety of related compounds indicated the assay to be highly specific. Quantitative comparison of mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate values in plasma and serum samples between the radioimmunoassay and gas chromatographic procedures indicated a high reliability.

Depression of humoral immunity in rats following chronic developmental lead exposure.

Chronic pre- and postnatal exposure of CD rats to low levels of lead resulted in a marked depression in the antibody response to SRBC as well as decreased serum IgG levels. Serum IgM and IgA levels were normal. The fact that the antibody response to LPS, a thymus independent antigen, was not altered, suggested that the T-lymphocyte rather than the B-lymphocyte is affected by lead exposure.

Immunoglobulin class distribution of measles virus antibodies in serum and spinal fluids of patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.

Sera and cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) from patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) were tested by indirect immunofluorescence for the presence of measles virus specific antibodies of the various heavy chain classes. IgG and IgA antibodies were detected in the CSF while IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD and IgE measles virus antibodies were found in a significant number of the patient sera. Sera from SSPE patients had slightly elevated levels of IgG, IgM, IgD and IgE while IgA was decreased.

Alloantigens defined by cytotoxic isoantisera prepared against peripheral rabbit lymphocytes.

Seven lymphocytotoxic antisera were produced in rabbits by means of isoimmunization with purified peripheral lymphocytes. The phenotypic profile of the defined lymphocyte antigens was determined in a panel of 97 rabbits. The results indicated the existence of at least two major antigenic determinants.

Measles virus-specific IgD antibodies in patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.

Indirect immunofluorescent analysis revealed that sera from five patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis possessed IgD antibodies directed against measles virus components in persistently infected HeLa cells. IgD levels in these sera were within the normal range. Control studies indicated that the reaction was specific for measles virus.

Erythrocyte antinuclear antibodies in sera of chickens hyperimmunized with group A streptococcal vaccine.

Chickens hyperimmunized with group A streptococcal vaccine often synthesize high levels of antibody to group A streptococcal carbohydrate (SACHO). Indirect immunofluorescent analysis revealed that sera of these chickens also contain antinuclear antibodies capable of reacting with chicken erythrocyte nuclei (EANA) at titers up to 2,560. Removal of the anti-SACHO antibodies from hyperimmune serum did not significantly reduce EANA titers, indicating that anti-SACHO antibodies are not responsible for the EANA reactions.

Structure and biological functions of human IgD. VI. Serum IgD in patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

Serum IgD levels were quantified in a large population of individuals with a variety of atopic and/or pulmonary disorders. As a group, patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) have markedly elevated (5.03 mg%) serum IgD when compared with serum IgD levels from either normal individuals (2.

Structure and biological functions of human IgD. VII. IgD antinuclear antibodies in sera of patients with autoimmune disorders.

Indirect immunofluorescent tests were employed to study antinuclear antibodies (ANA) of the IgD class in sera from patients with autoimmune disease. In sera containing IgG-ANA, IgD-ANA was detected in 48% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, 37% with rheumatoid arthritis, 30% with Raynaud's disease, 23% with systemic scleroderma and 20% with discoid lupus erythematosus. Quantitative comparison of serum IgG, IgA, IgM and IgD between IgG-ANA-positive sera with and without IgD-ANA revealed that patients with IgD-ANA also had elevated serum IgA levels.