A time series algorithm to predict surgery in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis.

Background: Determining the optimal timing of surgical intervention for Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) poses significant challenges. This study develops a predictive model using the long short-term memory network (LSTM) with a focal loss (FL) to identify infants at risk of developing Bell IIB + NEC early and issue timely surgical warnings.

Methods: Data from 791 neonates diagnosed with NEC are gathered from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), encompassing 35 selected features.

Risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis in small-for-gestational-age infants: a matched case-control study.

Few studies have focused on the risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in small for gestational age (SGA) infants. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for NEC in SGA newborns. This study included consecutive SGA neonates admitted to a tertiary hospital in Jiangxi Province, China from Jan 2008 to Dec 2022.

Butyrate protects the intestinal barrier by upregulating Fut2 expression via MEK4-JNK signaling pathway activation.

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal inflammatory disease in neonates. Fucosyltransferase 2 (Fut2) regulates intestinal epithelial cell fucosylation. In this study, we aimed to investigate butyrate-mediated upregulation of Fut2 expression and the underlying mechanisms.

Gut microbiota in infants with food protein enterocolitis.

Background: We explored the effects of two formulas, extensively hydrolyzed formula (EHF) and amino acid-based formula (AAF), on the gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in infants with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES).

Methods: Fecal samples of thirty infants with bloody diarrhea receiving EHF or AAF feeding were collected at enrollment, diagnosis of FPIES, and four weeks after diagnosis. The gut microbiota and SCFAs were analyzed using 16 S rRNA gene sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively.

[Effect of prenatal glucocorticoid therapy on hearing screening in premature infants].

To explore the effect of prenatal glucocorticoids therapy on hearing screening in premature infants Data of 693 preterm infants with gestational age of 24-34+6weeks admitted to theJiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital within 24 h after birth from June 2022 to June 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The infants were divided into the DXM group （544 cases） and the non-DXM group （149 cases） based on whether dexamethasone （DXM） was administered prenatally. General data of preterm infants and parturients in two groups were compared, and the effects of different doses and timing of DXM on hearing screening were analyzed.

Changes of gut microbiota and tricarboxylic acid metabolites may be helpful in early diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis: A pilot study.

Purpose: We aimed to explore the value of gut microbiota and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) metabolites in early diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) among infants with abdominal manifestations.

Methods: Thirty-two preterm infants with abdominal manifestations at gestational age ≤ 34 weeks were included in the study and were divided into non-NEC ( = 16) and NEC ( = 16) groups. Faecal samples were collected when the infants were enrolled.

Fecal HBD-2 and Claudin-3 may be potential biomarkers to predict the deterioration of necrotizing enterocolitis: A prospective study.

Background And Purpose: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a critical gastrointestinal disease. We aim to explore the value of fecal human β-defensin 2 (HBD-2), Claudin-3, high-mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB-1), and resistin-like molecule β (Relmβ) as well as some laboratory metrics to predict the deterioration of NEC.

Methods: Infants diagnosed with NEC at Stage II were enrolled in our study.

Alterations of the gut microbiota and short chain fatty acids in necrotizing enterocolitis and food protein-induced allergic protocolitis infants: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Even though presenting with similar clinical manifestations, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and food protein-induced allergic protocolitis (FPIAP) have completely different treatments and prognosis. Our study aimed to quantify and evaluate differences in gut microbiota and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) between infants with NEC and FPIAP to better identify these two diseases in clinical settings.

Methods: A total of 43 infants with NEC or FPIAP in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China between December 2020 and December 2021 were enrolled.

Bioinformatics analysis of potential key genes and pathways in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis.

Objective: To detect differentially expressed genes in patients with neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) by bioinformatics methods and to provide new ideas and research directions for the prevention, early diagnosis and treatment of NEC.

Methods: Gene chip data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The genes that were differentially expressed in NEC compared with normal intestinal tissues were screened with GEO2R.

Serum Relmβ combined with abdominal signs may predict surgical timing in neonates with NEC: A cohort study.

Aims: To examine the predictive value of serum biomarkers combined with other indicators for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) surgery decision-making.

Methods: Clinical data, including baseline information, clinical features, imaging presentation and serum assessment, of the infants enrolled were collected, and the serum concentrations of HBD2, HMGB-1, Claudin-3 and Relmβ were determined. , the , the and logistic regression analysis were used.

Gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids may be new biomarkers for predicting neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis: A pilot study.

Background: Dysbacteriosis is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). We aimed to identify new biomarkers among gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) for the early prediction of NEC.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-four preterm infants with gestational ages of ≤ 34 weeks who developed gastrointestinal symptoms were divided into the NEC group ( = 17) and non-NEC group ( = 17).

[Influence of enteral feeding initiation time on intestinal flora and metabolites in very low birth weight infants: a prospective study].

Objectives: To study the influence of enteral feeding initiation time on intestinal flora and metabolites in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.

Methods: A total of 29 VLBW infants who were admitted to the Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, from June to December, 2020, were enrolled as subjects. According to the enteral feeding initiation time after birth, the infants were divided into two groups: <24 hours (=15) and 24-72 hours (=14).

Risk Factors and Clinical Characteristics of Neonatal Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Caused by Early Onset Sepsis.

Purpose: To identify risk factors associated with the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in infants with early onset sepsis (EOS) and to describe the clinical features.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between January 2000 and October 2020. The infants were divided into ARDS and non-ARDS groups.

Electromagnetic Waves Can Help Improve the Rate of Increase of Milk Feeds Per Day in Premature Infants With Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Pilot Trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of electromagnetic waves generated by a commercial medical electromagnetic instrument (trade name, TDP, the Chinese phonetic abbreviation of "Te-ding Dian-ci-bo Pu") as an adjuvant to improve the rate of increase of milk feeds per day by premature infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).

Methods: This study was a prospective randomized clinical trial. A total of 103 premature infants were diagnosed with NEC II, but there was no need for surgery.

Differences in the Gut Microbiota Composition and Metabolites Associated With Feeding Intolerance in VLBW Infants With a Gestational Age of ≤ 30 Weeks: A Pilot Study.

Objective: To explore the main variations in gut microbiota compositions, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentrations and autoinducer-2 (AI-2) levels in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants with feeding intolerance (FI).

Methods: Twenty-seven VLBW infants with gestational ages of ≤30 weeks were divided into the FI group (n=14) and feeding tolerance (FT) group (n=13). The gut microbiota composition and SCFAs concentrations and AI-2 levels in feces were detected at 2 and 4 weeks after birth.

Colonization of fecal microbiota from patients with neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis exacerbates intestinal injury in germfree mice subjected to necrotizing enterocolitis-induction protocol via alterations in butyrate and regulatory T cells.

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains a life-threatening disease in neonates. Numerous studies have shown a correlation between the intestinal microbiota and NEC, but the causal link remains unclear. This study aimed to demonstrate the causal role of gut microbiota in NEC and explore potential mechanisms involved.

Long-term effect of active parenteral nutrition support regimen in preterm infants with a gestational age of <34 weeks.

Objectives: To study the long-term effect of active parenteral nutrition support regimen in preterm infants with a gestational age of <34 weeks.

Methods: According to the different doses of fat emulsion and amino acids used in the early stage, the preterm infants with a gestational age of <34 weeks, who were admitted to the hospital within 24 hours after birth from May to December 2019, were divided into an active parenteral nutrition group and a conventional parenteral nutrition group (=50). Physical indices and the measurements of the Gesell Development Scale were collected at the age of 6 months and 13 months.

Effect of the course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics on intestinal flora and short-chain fatty acids in feces of very low birth weight infants: a prospective study.

Objectives: To study the effect of the course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics on intestinal flora and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.

Methods: A total of 29 VLBW infants who were admitted to the Neonatal Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Children's Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University from June to December 2020 were enrolled as subjects for this prospective study. According to the course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics, they were divided into two groups: ≤7 days (=9) and >7 days (=20).

Sodium Butyrate Alleviates Intestinal Inflammation in Mice with Necrotizing Enterocolitis.

Objective: To determine the role of sodium butyrate in intestinal inflammation via regulation of high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), we analyzed the potential mechanism in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in a neonatal mouse model.

Methods: A NEC model was created with hypoxia and cold exposure and artificial overfeeding. C57BL/6 neonatal mice were randomized into three groups: the control, untreated NEC, and sodium butyrate (150 mM)-pretreated NEC groups.

Exogenous Autoinducer-2 Rescues Intestinal Dysbiosis and Intestinal Inflammation in a Neonatal Mouse Necrotizing Enterocolitis Model.

Autoinducer-2 (AI-2) is believed to be a bacterial interspecies signaling molecule that plays an important role in the regulation of the physiological behaviors of bacteria. The effect of AI-2 on the process of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is unknown, and the aim of this study was to study the effect of AI-2 in a mouse NEC model. C57BL/6 mouse pups were randomly divided into three groups: the control group, the NEC group, and the NEC+AI-2 (NA) group.

Mental health and social support among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of mental problems and social support among nurses during the COVID-19 epidemic and to explore the correlation. We carried out a multicentre, large-sample questionnaire survey in Chongqing (China). The WeChat-based survey program Questionnaire Star was used to distribute a questionnaire with self-designed items to obtain general information, the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS).

Survey on antibiotic regimens for necrotizing enterocolitis prescribed by Chinese pediatricians in 2020.

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious intestinal inflammatory disease in neonates, and intravenous antibiotics constitute the main therapeutic strategy. Studies have shown that substantial variation in the selection of antibiotic regimens for NEC remains in many countries. The variability in antibiotic therapy selection in China is unclear.