Proxalutamide in patients with AR-positive metastatic breast cancer: Results from an open-label multicentre phase Ib study and biomarker analysis.

Aim: Proxalutamide is a novel second-generation non-steroidal androgen receptor (AR) antagonist. This study aimed to evaluate the preliminary efficacy and safety of proxalutamide in patients with AR-positive metastatic breast cancer (AR mBC).

Methods: In this open-label, dose-expansion, multicentre phase Ib trial, patients with AR mBC (immunohistochemistry [IHC] ≥1%) received proxalutamide orally once daily.

Fabrication of a three-dimensional (3D) SERS fiber probe and application of in situ detection.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) fiber probes are useful for remote and online detection of harmful molecules using the SERS effect. In this study, a 3-dimensional (3D) SERS optical fiber probe is proposed. The formation of the 3D optical fiber probe mainly included three steps: construction of monolayer polystyrene (PS) spheres as a mask on the end face of the fiber, reactive ion etching (RIE) for PS spheres and fibers, and metal sputtering deposition.

Activity of preclinical and phase I clinical trial of a novel androgen receptor antagonist GT0918 in metastatic breast cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate GT0918, a 2nd-generation AR antagonist, for its AR down-regulation activity among breast cancer patients.

Methods: The effect of GT0918 on AR protein expression was evaluated in AR expression breast cancer cells and in breast cancer xenograft model. A 3 + 3 phase I dose-escalation study was launched in Peking University Cancer Hospital.

Fabrication of ZnO Nanocap-Ordered Arrays with Controllable Amount of Au Nanoparticles Decorated and Their Detection and Degradation Performance for Harmful Molecules.

This paper mainly presents a facile and cost-effective method to achieve large-scale ZnO nanocap (ZnO NC)-ordered arrays with a controllable amount of Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) decorated on their surface. The preparation process includes the construction of polystyrene nanosphere (PS) mask, metal deposition, and annealing process. The Au NPs/ZnO NCs have apparent hierarchical structure.

Roles of p53 and ASF1A in the Reprogramming of Sheep Kidney Cells to Pluripotent Cells.

Since the first report of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by Takahashi and Yamanaka, numerous attempts have been made to derive iPSCs from other species via the ectopic expression of defined factors. Sheep iPSCs (siPSCs) have significant potential for biotechnology and agriculture. Although several groups have described siPSCs, the reprogramming efficiency was extremely low.

Roles of bovine viral diarrhea virus envelope glycoproteins in inducing autophagy in MDBK cells.

Macroautophagy (autophagy) is an evolutionarily conserved control process that maintains cellular homeostasis in eukaryotic cells. Autophagy principally serves an adaptive role to degrade dysfunctional proteins and to clean damaged organelles in response to pathogenic, viral, or microbial infection, nutrient deprivation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. In previous study, we showed bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) NADL infection induced autophagy and significantly elevated the expression levels of autophagy-related genes, Beclin1 and ATG14, at 12 h post-infection in MDBK cells.

Lentivirus-mediated Bos taurus bta-miR-29b overexpression interferes with bovine viral diarrhoea virus replication and viral infection-related autophagy by directly targeting ATG14 and ATG9A in Madin-Darby bovine kidney cells.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short endogenous RNA molecules with the ability to control development, autophagy, apoptosis and the stress response in eukaryotes by pairing with partially complementary sites in the 3' UTRs of targeted genes. Recent studies have demonstrated that miRNAs serve as critical effectors in intricate networks of host-pathogen interactions. Notably, we found that Bos taurus bta-miR-29b (referred to as miR-29b herein) was significantly upregulated >2.

bta-miR-29b attenuates apoptosis by directly targeting caspase-7 and NAIF1 and suppresses bovine viral diarrhea virus replication in MDBK cells.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous, noncoding RNA molecules that serve as powerful regulators of multiple cellular processes, including apoptosis, differentiation, growth, and proliferation. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) contributes significantly to health-related economic losses in the beef and dairy industries. Although BVDV-induced apoptosis correlates with increased intracellular viral RNA accumulation and with bta-miR-29b (miR-29b) expression upregulation in Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells infected with BVDV strain NADL, the role of miR-29b in regulating BVDV-infection-related apoptosis remains unexplored.