Planar Pentacoordinate Bromine in Global Minimum Br6Li5.

Delocalized multicenter bonds play a crucial role in clusters with a planar hypercoordinate center(s), making it difficult for highly electronegative elements, especially halogen atoms, to achieve the planar hypercoordinate arrangement. Herein, we introduce a star-like cluster Br6Li5-, whose global minimum contains a planar pentacoordinate bromine (ppBr). In this cluster, the central ppBr atom coordinates with five alkali metal Li atoms, which in turn bridge an equal number of electronegative Br atoms in the periphery, leading to the formation of the binary cluster Br6Li5-.

Inhibition of Endothelial Cell Tube Formation by Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/Anti-Angiopoietin-2 RNA Nanoparticles.

RNA nanoparticles, derived from the packaging RNA three-way junction motif (pRNA-3WJ) of the bacteriophage phi29 DNA packaging motor, have been demonstrated to be thermodynamically and chemically stable, with promise as a nanodelivery system. : A previous study showed that RNA nanoparticles with antiangiogenic aptamers (anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and anti-angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) aptamers) inhibited cell proliferation via WST-1 assay. To further investigate the antiangiogenic potential of these RNA nanoparticles, a modified three-dimensional (3D) spheroid sprouting assay model of human umbilical vein endothelial cells was utilized in the present study.

Safety and Intranasal Retention of a Broad-Spectrum Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Monoclonal Antibody SA55 Nasal Spray in Healthy Volunteers: A Phase I Clinical Trial.

Background: A broad-spectrum anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody (mAb), SA55, is highly effective against SARS-CoV-2 variants. This trial aimed at demonstrating the safety, tolerability, local drug retention and neutralizing activity, systemic exposure level, and immunogenicity of the SA55 nasal spray in healthy individuals.

Methods: This phase I, dose-escalation clinical trial combined an open-label design with a randomized, controlled, double-blind design.

Melatonin Enhances Maize Germination, Growth, and Salt Tolerance by Regulating Reactive Oxygen Species Accumulation and Antioxidant Systems.

Melatonin (MT) is a crucial hormone that controls and positively regulates plant growth under abiotic stress, but the biochemical and physiological processes of the combination of melatonin seed initiation and exogenous spray treatments and their effects on maize germination and seedling salt tolerance are not well understood. Consequently, in this research, we utilized the maize cultivars Zhengdan 958 (ZD958) and Demeiya 1 (DMY1), which are extensively marketed in northeastern China's high-latitude cold regions, to reveal the modulating effects of melatonin on maize salinity tolerance by determining the impacts of varying concentrations of melatonin on maize seedling growth characteristics, osmoregulation, antioxidant systems, and gene expression. The findings revealed that salt stress (100 mM NaCl) significantly inhibited maize seed germination and seedling development, which resulted in significant increases in the HO and O content and decreases in the antioxidant enzyme activity and photosynthetic pigment content in maize seedlings.

Bias in Discontinuous Elevational Transects for Tracking Species Range Shifts.

Climate change is compelling species to seek refuge at higher elevations and latitudes. While researchers commonly study these migrations using discontinuous elevational transects, this methodology may introduce significant biases into our understanding of species movement. These potential biases could lead to flawed biodiversity conservation policies if left unexamined.

Effect of Combined Urea and Calcium Nitrate Application on Wheat Tiller Development, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Grain Yield.

Optimizing nitrogen (N) sources has the potential to improve wheat tillering, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and grain yield, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study hypothesizes that combining specific N sources can increase zeatin riboside + zeatin (ZR + ZT) content in tiller nodes and maintain a higher ZR + ZT/gibberellin A7 (GA) ratio, thereby promoting tiller development, enhancing NUE, and increasing yield. The effects of N source treatments on two wheat cultivars, the multi-spike Shannong 28 (SN28) and the large-spike Tainong 18 (TN18), were investigated.

Importance of OsRac1 in Signalling of Pigm-1 Mediated Resistance to Rice Blast Disease.

In rice, leucine-rich repeat nucleotide-binding site (NLR) proteins are pivotal immune receptors in combating -triggered rice blast. However, the precise molecular mechanism underlying how NLR proteins regulate downstream signalling remains elusive due to the lack of knowledge regarding their direct downstream targets. The NLR protein Pigm-1 was cloned from Shuangkang 77009 in our laboratory.

The Fitness, Rest, and Exercise for Strength and Health (FRESH) Study: A Three-Year Comparison of College Students' Perceived and Measured Health Metrics.

The undergraduate college years are a critical transition period for young adults in establishing life-long health behaviors. : Within the FRESH Study, we aimed to understand the relationship between perceived physical health, perceived mental health, and specific health metrics (e.g.

Therapeutic Potential of Combined 5% Lifitegrast and Tocopherol Eye Drops in Managing Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Murine Dry Eye.

: This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of combined 5% lifitegrast (LF) and tocopherol (TCP) eye drops in a murine experimental dry eye (EDE) model. Female C57BL/6 were divided into seven groups: untreated controls, EDE control, EDE + 0.05% cyclosporin A (CsA), EDE + tocopherol (TCP), EDE + 5% LF, EDE + 5% LF + TCP (once daily), and EDE + 5% LF + TCP (twice daily).

Antibody Responses and the Vaccine Efficacy of Recombinant Glycosyltransferase and Nicastrin Against .

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease and the second most common parasitic disease after malaria. While praziquantel remains the primary treatment, concerns about drug resistance highlight the urgent need for new drugs and effective vaccines to achieve sustainable control. Previous proteomic studies from our group revealed that the expression of glycosyltransferase and nicastrin as proteins was higher in single-sex males than mated males, suggesting their critical roles in parasite reproduction and their potential as vaccine candidates.

The Application of an Intelligent -Harvesting Device Based on FES-YOLOv5s.

To address several challenges, including low efficiency, significant damage, and high costs, associated with the manual harvesting of , in this study, a machine vision-based intelligent harvesting device was designed according to its agronomic characteristics and morphological features. This device mainly comprised a frame, camera, truss-type robotic arm, flexible manipulator, and control system. The FES-YOLOv5s deep learning target detection model was used to accurately identify and locate .

Novel RFID Multi-Label Network Location Measurement by Dual CCD and Non-Local Means-Harris Algorithm.

To improve the performance of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) multi-label systems, the multi-label network structure needs to be quickly located and optimized. A multi-label location measurement method based on the NLM-Harris algorithm is proposed in this paper. Firstly, multi-label geometric distribution images are obtained through a label image acquisition system of a multi-label semi-physical simulation platform with two vertical Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) cameras, and Gaussian noise is added to the image to simulate thermoelectric interference.

Abnormal Operation Detection of Automated Orchard Irrigation System Actuators by Power Consumption Level.

Information and communication technology (ICT) components, especially actuators in automated irrigation systems, are essential for managing precise irrigation and optimal soil moisture, enhancing orchard growth and yield. However, actuator malfunctions can lead to inefficient irrigation, resulting in water imbalances that impact crop health and reduce productivity. The objective of this study was to develop a signal processing technique to detect potential malfunctions based on the power consumption level and operating status of actuators for an automated orchard irrigation system.

Phenolic Acid and Flavonoid Content Analysis with Antioxidant Activity Assessment in Chinese Honey.

The nutritional value of honey is closely related to its components, which are highly influenced by the botanic origin. ( (Franch.) var.

Autophagy-Enhancing Properties of Extracts in HaCaT Keratinocytes: Potential as an Anti-Photoaging Cosmetic Ingredient.

The decline in autophagy disrupts homeostasis in skin cells, leading to oxidative stress, energy deficiency, and inflammation-all key contributors to skin photoaging. Consequently, activating autophagy has become a focal strategy for delaying skin photoaging. Natural plants are rich in functional molecules and widely used in the development of anti-photoaging cosmetics.

Atom-Driven and Knowledge-Based Hydrolysis Metabolite Assessment for Environmental Organic Chemicals.

The metabolism of environmental organic chemicals often relies on the catalytic action of specific enzymes at the nanoscale, which is critical for assessing their environmental impact, safety, and efficacy. Hydrolysis is one of the primary metabolic and degradation reaction pathways. Traditionally, hydrolysis product identification has relied on experimental methods that are both time-consuming and costly.

Two Small Peptides from Hydrolysates Exhibit Antitumor Activity Through Inhibition of TNF-α-Mediated Signal Transduction Pathways.

The scorpion Karsch is edible and has been an essential resource in traditional Chinese medicine for treating numerous diseases. In this study, two small peptides from hydrolysates were examined to elucidate their potential against gastric cancer. The small peptides (AK and GK) were identified using the LC-QTOF-MS-based approach.

Effects of Pre-Deformation in Corrosion Fatigue Crack Growth of Al-Mg-Zn Alloy.

This study investigated the effect of pre-deformation on the corrosion fatigue crack propagation (CFCG) of Al-Mg-Zn alloy in a corrosive environment. Tensile tests at different pre-deformation levels and molecular dynamics simulations analyzed changes in dislocation density. Corrosion fatigue experiments were conducted in a 3.

gen. et sp. nov., a New Cup Moth from Southern China Based on Morphological and Molecular Analysis (Lepidoptera: Zygaenoidea: Limacodidae).

A new genus and species of Limacodidae, gen. et sp. nov.

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Potential Molecular Regulation of Organic Acid Metabolism During Fruit Development in Late-Maturing Hybrid Citrus Varieties.

Late-maturing hybrid citrus is a significant fruit that combines the best traits of both parents and is highly prized for its unique flavor. Not only can organic acids alter the flavor of citrus pulp, but they are also essential for cellular metabolism, energy conversion, and maintaining the acidbase balance in plant tissues. Although organic acids play a key role in the quality formation of citrus fruits, there is still insufficient research on the metabolic processes of organic acids in late-maturing hybrid citrus varieties.

Assessing the Efficacy of Mitochondria-Accumulating Self-Assembly Peptides in Pancreatic Cancer: An Animal Study.

Although pancreatic cancer presents with one of the most unfavorable prognoses, its treatment options are very limited. Mitochondria-targeting moieties, considered a new and prominent treatment modality, are expected to demonstrate synergistic anticancer effects due to their distinct mechanism compared to conventional chemotherapeutic approaches. This study evaluated the therapeutic potential of mitochondria-accumulating self-assembly peptides, referred to as Mito-FFs, utilizing both in vitro and in vivo pancreatic cancer models.

New Progress in Zebrafish Liver Tumor Models: Techniques and Applications in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Research.

Liver tumors represent a serious clinical health problem that threatens human life. Previous studies have demonstrated that the pathogenesis of liver tumors is complex and influenced by various factors, highlighting limitations in both basic pathological research and clinical treatment. Traditional research methods often begin with the discovery of phenomena and gradually progress to the development of animal models and human trials.

Exogenous SNP Alleviates Drought Stress in Wheat During the Grain-Filling Stage by Modulating Gene Transcription.

Drought stress severely damages wheat growth and photosynthesis, and plants at the grain-filling stage are the most sensitive to drought throughout the entire period of development. Exogenous spraying of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) can alleviate the damage to wheat caused by drought stress, but the mechanism regulating the proline pathway remains unknown. Two wheat cultivars, drought-sensitive Zhoumai 18 and drought-tolerant Zhengmai 1860, were used as materials when the plants were cultivated to the grain-filling stage.

Exploring the Link Between Mucin 2 and Weaning Stress-Related Diarrhoea in Piglets.

To explore the relationship between intestinal mucin 2 () and weaning-induced diarrhoea in piglets, we analysed and piglets. The piglets were divided into a healthy weaned group, a weaned diarrhoea group, and a healthy unweaned control group. Intestinal tissues were collected, and goblet cell numbers, sizes, and degrees of intestinal injury were observed and recorded.

Promotes Cell Expansion by Negatively Regulating Cell Wall Modification.

Soybean is an important and versatile crop worldwide. Enhancing soybean architecture offers a potential method to increase yield. Plant-specific transcription factors play a crucial, yet often unnoticed, role in regulating plant growth and development.