The Impact of Chronic Conditions on Productivity-Adjusted Life-Years in Both the Workplace and Household Settings in the General Adult Population in Finland.

Objectives: This study aimed to quantify the burden of 8 noncommunicable conditions on productivity-adjusted life-years (PALYs) at work and within the household among the Finnish general adult population.

Methods: Survey data on 18- to 79-year-old Finnish respondents collected in 2022 were used to calculate age- and sex-specific productivity indices at work and within the household using 0- and 1-inflated beta regression for individuals with and without a certain condition (asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, depression or other mental health problem, diabetes, gastrointestinal disease, hypothyroidism or other thyroid disease, migraine or other chronic headache, and musculoskeletal disease). Age and sex distributions of the Finnish population obtained from Statistics Finland together with the prevalence of the condition and the estimated productivity indices were used to produce the population-level 1-year losses in PALYs at work and within the household.

Contraction of Respiratory Viral Infection During air Travel: An Under-Recognized Health Risk for Athletes.

Air travel has an important role in the spread of viral acute respiratory infections (ARIs). Aircraft offer an ideal setting for the transmission of ARI because of a closed environment, crowded conditions, and close-contact setting. Numerous studies have shown that influenza and COVID-19 spread readily in an aircraft with one virus-positive symptomatic or asymptomatic index case.

Reversible aberrancies in gut microbiome of moderate and late preterm infants: results from a randomized, controlled trial.

The aim of this study was to obtain insight into the composition and function of the deviant gut microbiome throughout infancy in children born moderately and late preterm and their response to microbiome modulation. We characterized the longitudinal development of the gut microbiome from birth to the age of 12 months by metagenomic sequencing in 43 moderate and late preterm children participating in a randomized, controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov/no.

Finnish paediatric study found a low incidence of bacterial meningitis from 2011 to 2018 but a substantial proportion of nosocomial meningitis.

Aim: This study examined the predisposing factors, clinical picture, bacterial aetiology and clinical outcomes of infants and children with bacterial meningitis (BM).

Methods: The medical records of patients under 16 years of age, treated by Turku University Hospital, Finland, from 2011 to 2018, were screened for meningitis using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes. Patients were included if bacteria were detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or other predefined laboratory variables indicated BM, despite CSF testing negative for bacteria.

Medication and rehabilitation of persons applying for disability pension due to depression: a register-based retrospective study from Finland.

Purpose: To investigate how drug therapies and rehabilitation options have been utilised before applying for a disability pension due to depression.

Methods: A retrospective register-based study of the 3604 persons who applied for a disability pension from the Social Insurance Institution of Finland (Kela) in 2019. In Finland, disability pension is usually preceded by an incapacity for work lasting for 1 year, during which time therapeutic procedures, which were analysed here, are applied.

Methylation status of / is stable across populations, monozygotic twin pairs and in majority of tissues.

The aim of this study was to characterize the methylation level of a polymorphically imprinted gene, /, in human populations and somatic tissues.48 datasets, consisting of more than 30 tissues and >30,000 individuals, were used. methylation status is associated with twin status and ethnic background, but the variation between populations is limited.

Non-SARS-CoV-2 Respiratory Viruses in Athletes at Major Winter Sport Events, 2021 and 2022.

We performed prospective studies on respiratory viral infections among Team Finland participants during the 2021 Oberstdorf World Ski Championships and the 2022 Beijing Olympic Games. We enrolled 73 athletes and 110 staff members. Compared with similar studies we conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic, illnesses and virus detections dropped by 10-fold.

Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolome in Elite Cross-Country Skiers: A Controlled Study.

Exercise has been shown to affect gut the microbiome and metabolic health, with athletes typically displaying a higher microbial diversity. However, research on the gut microbiota and systemic metabolism in elite athletes remains scarce. In this study, we compared the gut microbiota profiles and serum metabolome of national team cross-country skiers at the end of an exhausting training and competitive season to those of normally physically-active controls.

Respiratory Viral Infections in Athletes: Many Unanswered Questions.

Upper respiratory tract infections ("common cold") are the most common acute illnesses in elite athletes. Numerous studies on exercise immunology have proposed that intense exercise may increase susceptibility to respiratory infections. Virological data to support that view are sparse, and several fundamental questions remain.

Preterm infant meconium microbiota transplant induces growth failure, inflammatory activation, and metabolic disturbances in germ-free mice.

Preterm birth may result in adverse health outcomes. Very preterm infants typically exhibit postnatal growth restriction, metabolic disturbances, and exaggerated inflammatory responses. We investigated the differences in the meconium microbiota composition between very preterm (<32 weeks), moderately preterm (32-37 weeks), and term (>37 weeks) human neonates by 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

Effects of dietary counselling on micronutrient intakes in pregnant women in Finland.

The intake of some micronutrients is still a public health challenge for pregnant women in Finland. This study examined the effects of dietary counselling on micronutrient intakes among pregnant women at increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in Finland. This study utilised data from was a cluster-randomised controlled trial (n = 399), which aimed to prevent gestational diabetes.

Survey of Viral Reactivations in Elite Athletes: A Case-Control Study.

Exercise-induced immune perturbations have been proposed to increase susceptibility to viral infections. We investigated the replication of persisting viruses as indicators of immune function in elite cross-country skiers after ten months of sustained high-performance exercise. The viruses evaluated, nine human herpesviruses (HHVs) and torque teno virus (TTV), are typically restrained in health but replicate actively in immunosuppressed individuals.

Increased risk of respiratory viral infections in elite athletes: A controlled study.

Background: Respiratory symptoms are commonly recognised in elite athletes. The occurrence, etiology and clinical presentation of the illnesses in athletes is unclear.

Methods: We performed a prospective controlled study of respiratory viral infections in Team Finland during Nordic World Ski Championships 2019.

Higher number of steps and breaks during sedentary behaviour are associated with better lipid profiles.

Background: Physical activity (PA) is known to be associated with lipid profiles and the risk of both cardiovascular diseases and cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of objectively measured PA, sedentary behaviour (SB), amount of breaks during SB and number of daily steps with serum lipids in a healthy, Finnish, middle-aged, female population.

Methods: The participants (571) were recruited at mammography screening, target group was women aged 50-60 years.

Responses to an acellular pertussis booster vaccination in children, adolescents, and young and older adults: A collaborative study in Finland, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom.

Background: Pertussis can lead to serious disease and even death in infants. Older adults are more vulnerable to complications as well. In high-income countries, acellular pertussis vaccines are used for priming vaccination.

Relationship between mothers' enjoyment and sedentary behavior and physical activity of mother-child dyads using a movement-to-music video program: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Parental support and participation in physical activity (PA) with children and parents' acting as a role model for less sedentary behaviors (SB) are critical factors for children's healthier lifestyle. The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between mothers' enjoyment and participants' sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA) as a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) using data from Moving Sound RCT in the Pirkanmaa area of Finland.

Methods: The participants were 108 mother-child dyads (child age 5-7 years) who completed the eight-week exercise intervention using a movement-to-music video program in their homes.

Pregnancy complications in women of Russian, Somali, and Kurdish origin and women in the general population in Finland.

Objective: We compared the prevalence of gestational diabetes and hypertensive disorders in the most recent pregnancy among women of Russian, Somali, and Kurdish origin and women in the general population in Finland.

Methods: The study groups were selected from population-based samples of 18- to 64-year-old women. The women were of Russian (n = 318), Somali (n = 583), and Kurdish (n = 373) origin or from the general population (n = 243), and had given birth in Finland between 2004 and 2014.

Physical Activity and Body Composition in Children and Their Mothers According to Mother's Gestational Diabetes Risk: A Seven-Year Follow-Up Study.

There is lack of knowledge on whether mothers' gestational diabetes (GDM) risk is related to their physical activity (PA) or their children's PA and body composition. We aimed to examine the difference in (1) change in self-reported PA from pre-pregnancy to seven-year follow-up and (2) accelerometer-based PA at seven years after delivery between the mothers having GDM risk (GDMRyes-mothers) and not having GDM risk (GDMRno-mothers). Furthermore, we examined the difference in children's PA and/or body composition at six years of age according to their mothers' GDM risk.

Using Household Socioeconomic Indicators to Predict the Utilization of Maternal and Child Health Services Among Reproductive-Aged Women in Rural Yemen.

Using principal component analysis (PCA) and integrating both individual and household factors, we had previously derived and proposed 3 socioeconomic indices (namely, wealth index, educational index, and housing quality index) that can be used to classify rural Yemeni women into different socioeconomic statuses (SES). In the current article, we examined whether the PCA-derived indices can be used to predict the use of maternal and child health care services in rural Yemen. We used data from subnational representative multistage sampling cross-sectional household survey conducted in rural Yemen in 2008-2009 among women (N = 6907) who had given birth.

Impact of maternal education on response to lifestyle interventions to reduce gestational weight gain: individual participant data meta-analysis.

Objectives: To identify if maternal educational attainment is a prognostic factor for gestational weight gain (GWG), and to determine the differential effects of lifestyle interventions (diet based, physical activity based or mixed approach) on GWG, stratified by educational attainment.

Design: Individual participant data meta-analysis using the previously established International Weight Management in Pregnancy (i-WIP) Collaborative Group database (https://iwipgroup.wixsite.

Delivery and its complications among women of Somali, Kurdish, and Russian origin, and women in the general population in Finland.

Introduction: Limited information is available on delivery and its complications among migrant women in Finland. We compared mode of delivery, delivery complications, and use of pain medication during delivery between migrant women of Somali, Kurdish, and Russian origin and women in the general population in Finland.

Methods: The women were of Russian (n = 318), Somali (n = 583), and Kurdish (n = 373) origin and 243 women from the general population (reference group) who had given birth in Finland between 2004 and 2014.