[Silencing ERp29 promotes the invasiveness of human PCa cells in vitro: Molecular mechanisms].

Objective: To analyz the correlation of the expression of ERp29 with the clinicopathological characteristics of PCa and investigate the effect of small interfering RNA (siRNA) silencing the ERp29 gene on the biological behavior of PCa LNCaP cells.

Methods: The expression of the ERp29 gene in the BPH and PCa tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry and that of the ERp29 protein in the PCa and adjacent normal tissues of 6 PCa patients determined by Western blot. Human LNCaP cells were transfected with siRNA using LipofectamineTM 2000, and the expressions of ERp29 mRNA and protein in the LNCaP cells detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot, respectively.

CAV3.1 knockdown suppresses cell proliferation, migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells by inhibiting AKT.

Background: Aberrant expression of CAV3.1, one of T-type Ca channels, is reported to exert important functions in pathological processes, including carcinogenesis. However, its expression pattern and function in prostate cancer (PCa) remains unclear.

MicroRNA-490-5p is a novel tumor suppressor targeting c-FOS in human bladder cancer.

Introduction: Recent studies have demonstrated the critical roles of micro-RNAs in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Here, we describe the regulation and function of miR-490-5p in bladder cancer.

Material And Methods: Paired tissue samples were collected from bladder cancer patients (n = 20).

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the prostate with intractable hematuria: A case report and review of the literature.

Cases of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the prostate are globally rare. The present study reports a case of prostatic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with intractable hematuria in a 75-year-old male. The patient presented with difficulties in urination and gross hematuria.

Solitary fibrous tumor of the spermatic cord: A case report and literature review.

A 31-year-old male patient with a six-year history of left inguinoscrotal swelling was admitted to the Second Xiangya Hospital (Changsha, China). The mass was not found to be associated with intraperitoneal pressure. Ultrasonography and computed tomography examinations demonstrated several solid, botryoidal masses involving the spermatic cord, with limited capacity of mobility.

Challenging role of Wnt5a and its signaling pathway in cancer metastasis (Review).

Wnt5a is a noncanonical signaling member of the wingless-related/mouse mammary tumor virus integration family, which is involved in a wide range of cellular processes, particularly in cancer development and metastasis. Accumulating evidence indicates that Wnt5a exhibits paradoxical effects in various types of cancer metastasis. Therefore, the Wnt5a signaling cascade in cancer metastasis appears to be complex and may depend on binding receptors, downstream effectors, exogenous inhibitors and tumor microenvironments, as well as the extracellular matrix, particularly cell/tissue-tropic contexts.

RelB regulates Bcl-xl expression and the irradiation-induced apoptosis of murine prostate cancer cells.

Apoptosis in prostate cancer (PCa) induced by ionizing radiation (IR) is believed to play a critical role in radioresistance. Bcl-xl, an important member of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family, has critical roles in tumor progression and development. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of Bcl-xl expression and radiosensitivity from murine PCa RM-1 cells.

shRNA-mediated GSTP1 gene silencing enhances androgen-independent cell line DU145 chemosensitivity.

Purpose: Design short hairpin RNA (shRNA) interference sequence to silence glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) gene of androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line DU145, and then to explore its effect on sensitivity to chemotherapeutics.

Methods: Target sequence was picked up to form the shRNA. DU145 cell was divided into five groups according to the shRNA added for transfection: shRNA255, shRNA554, shRNA593, negative-shRNA and blank group.

β-elemene inhibits the proliferation of T24 bladder carcinoma cells through upregulation of the expression of Smad4.

β-elemene, a non-cytotoxic antitumor reagent, inhibits the growth, proliferation and DNA synthesis of multiple types of malignant cells, resulting in the apoptosis or suppressed vascularization of tumors. β-elemene is also able to enhance the immunogenicity of the tumor cells and ameliorate systematic cellular immunity in the tumor‑bearing body. Moreover, β-elemene has the advantages of high efficiency, safety and low possibility of drug tolerance over other antitumor agents used in antitumor treatment.

[RNA interference of RelB enhances the radiosensitivity of prostate cancer cell line RM-1 in mice].

Objective: To investigate the effect of RNA interference of the RelB gene on the radiosensitivity of the mouse prostate cancer cell line RM-1 and its mechanism.

Methods: We constructed RelB siRNA-expressing lentiviral vectors targeting the RelB gene with the molecular biological technique, and determined the expressions of RelB mRNA and protein on radiation after transfection with siRelB mediated by liposome using RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. We also detected the apoptosis of RM-1 cells by FCM assay and their radiosensitivity by clonogenic assay.

[Effect of gene GSTP1 silencing via shRNA transfection on androgen independent prostate cancer cell line Du145].

Objective: To design short hairpin RNA (shRNA) interference sequence to silence glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) gene of androgen independent prostate cancer cell line DU145, and to explore its effect on proliferation and sensitivity to chemotherapeutics.

Methods: The target sequence was picked up to form the shRNA, and the 3 shRNA expression vectors were shRNA255, shRNA554 and shRNA593. The DNA template was cloned to plasmid pGPU6/GFP/Neo.

Effects of alkaloid sinomenine on levels of IFN-γ, IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 in a rat renal allograft model.

Aims: To evaluate the immunosuppressive efficacy of alkaloid sinomenine (SIN) and the synergistic effects in combination with cyclosporin A (CsA) in acute rejection after rat renal allograft.

Materials & Methods: Animals were treated with saline in group 1, SIN (30 mg/kg/d) in group 2, CsA (2.5 mg/kg/d) in group 3 and SIN (30 mg/kg/d) + CsA(2.

β-elemene acts as an antitumor factor and downregulates the expression of survivin, Bcl-xL and Mta-1.

β-elemene, a non-cellular antineoplastic agent, may be used to effectively inhibit the growth and proliferation of various types of tumor cells by inhibiting the nucleic acid synthesis or inducing their apoptosis and differentiation. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression, as well as the effects, of Mta-1, survivin and Bcl-xL in T24 bladder cancer cells following β-elemene treatment. The expression of the three proteins in T24 cells following β-elemene treatment was analyzed by immunocytochemistry staining and western blot analysis.

Long-term results of renal transplant from living donors aged over 60 years.

Objectives: This study sought to determine whether recipients of grafts from donors aged 60 years or older achieve the same benefit as those from younger donors in the long term.

Materials And Methods: Between January 2004 and July 2008, one hundred seventeen living renal transplants were performed. The patients were divided into an older donor group (aged ≥ 60 y, n=23) and a younger donor group (aged < 60 y, n=94).

Down-regulation of EZH2 by RNA interference inhibits proliferation and invasion of ACHN cells via the Wnt/β- catenin pathway.

Although enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) has been reported as an independent prognostic factor in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), little is known about the exact mechanism of EZH2 in promoting the genesis of RCC. However, several studies have shown that dysregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a crucial role. Therefore, we determined whether EZH2 could affect ACHN human RCC cell proliferation and invasion via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

hsa-miR-96 up-regulates MAP4K1 and IRS1 and may function as a promising diagnostic marker in human bladder urothelial carcinomas.

Numerous microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in cancer development. In this study, we report that hsa-miR-96 is expressed at higher levels in human bladder urothelial carcinomas compared to normal tissues. We found that hsa-miR-96 increased invasion and differentiation of human bladder T24 cells and promoted their growth.

Oridonin induced the apoptosis of PC-3 cells and its mechanism.

Objective: To observe the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis promotion effect of oridonin on PC-3 cells.

Methods: PC-3 cells were treated with different concentrations of oridonin. MTT assay and drug concentration-time survival curve were used to test the effect of oridonin on the PC-3 cells.

[Surgical strategy for ectopic kidneys: analysis of 35 cases].

Objective: To explore the surgical strategy for ectopic kidney and evaluate the clinical outcomes.

Methods: From January 2000 to October 2009, 35 cases of ectopic kidney were treated surgically in our hospital. Definite diagnoses were established in all the cases by ultrasound, intravenous urography (IVU), cystoscope, CT, magnetic resonance urography (MRU) and radionuclide imaging before the surgery.

Renal cavernous hemangioma in a child: case report and review of the literature.

Renal cavernous hemangioma is rare, and most cases of renal hemangioma tend to be small, with a peak incidence between 30 and 40 years of age. We report a case of a large renal hemangioma in a 12-year-old child, which is extremely rare. The diagnosis and treatment of renal cavernous hemangiomas are discussed.

Down-regulation of annexin II in prostate cancer is associated with Gleason score, recurrence, metastasis and poor prognosis.

The aim of this study was to compare the expression of annexin II (ANXA2) in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with that of prostate cancer (PC), and to correlate the expression levels with pathologic grade and stage. Immunohistochemistry was performed on samples from 85 patients with PC and 40 patients with BPH. The correlation between ANXA2 expression and clinicopathologic features and clinical outcome was evaluated.

[Effect of PI3K/AKT inhibitor on benign prostate hyperplasia and its mechanism: an experimental study].

Objective: To explore the effect of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/PKB or PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway inhibitor on benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and its mechanism.

Methods: Forty-eight SD male adult rats aged 12 weeks were equally randomized to 4 groups: sham operation control, BPH model, 50 mg LY294002 and 100 mg LY294002. The BPH models were made by muscular injection of testosterone propionate at 10 mg/kg/d for 30 days following castration.

Clinical utility of fluorescence in situ hybridization for prediction of residual tumor after transurethral resection of bladder urothelial carcinoma.

Objectives: To evaluate the use of a multiprobe fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay for predicting the residual tumor load after transurethral resection (TUR) of bladder urothelial carcinoma (UC).

Methods: Voided urine specimens were collected from 125 consecutive patients with suspected UC who had been admitted for TUR. Of the 125 patients, 89 with UC diagnosed underwent a second procedure (repeated TUR or cystectomy) 4-6 weeks after the initial TUR and were included in the present study.

[Phloroglucinol: safe and effective for the prevention of bladder spasm after TURP].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of phloroglucinol in preventing bladder spasm after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).

Methods: Using the random sampling method, we assigned 74 cases of TURP into a treatment group (n = 39), given 80 mg phloroglucinol every day for 3 days, and a control group (n = 35), left untreated. Then we observed the frequency, duration and pain of bladder spasm within the 3 days and compared them between the two groups.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for recovery of erectile function after posterior urethral reconstruction.

Objective: To prospectively study the effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on the recovery of erectile function (EF) after posterior urethral reconstruction.

Methods: Between August 2006 and March 2010, a total of 24 male patients with posterior urethral reconstruction and without erectile dysfunction (ED) before urethral stricture were involved in the study. Twelve of them were assigned to HBOT group that received HBOT, and the others comprised the control group.

[Diagnosis and treatment of rare mixed prostatic carcinoma].

Objective: To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of rare mixed prostatic carcinoma.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 6 cases of mixed prostatic tumor confirmed by surgery or transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy, and reviewed the related literature.

Results: Three of the patients (2 with mixed small cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma and 1 with adenosquamous carcinoma of the prostate) underwent palliative transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate (TUVP) and endocrine therapy, but all died within 7 - 10 months.