Dissecting current rectification through asymmetric nanopores.

Rectification, the tendency of bidirectional ionic conductors to favor ion flow in a specific direction, is an intrinsic property of many ion channels and synthetic nanopores. Despite its frequent occurrence in ion channels and its phenomenological explanation using Eyring's rate theory, a quantitative relationship between the rectified current and the underlying ion-specific and voltage-dependent free energy profile has been lacking. In this study, we designed nanopores in which potassium and chloride current rectification can be manipulated by altering the electrostatic pore polarity.

Effect of magnetic field treatment on the softening of green chilies (Capsicum annuum L.) during storage.

In this study, effects of magnetic field treatment on the softening of green chilies during storage (0-30 d at 10 °C) were investigated, and the cell wall polysaccharide content, modifying enzyme activities, water distribution, and cell wall structure were determined. After 30 d of storage, the weight loss of the green chilies in conventional refrigeration (CR) group reached 35.40 %, whereas it was 20.

Clinicopathological Features of Epstein-Barr Virus-Positive Neuroendocrine Carcinoma: Analysis of Twenty-Two Cases.

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-positive neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is a rare neoplasm with limited histopathological and therapeutic data. This report presents 22 cases of EBV-positive NEC, analyzing age distribution, morphology, and immunophenotype. The median patient age was 47 years (range: 27-67 years), with a male-to-female ratio of 17:5.

Paired analysis of host and pathogen genomes identifies determinants of human tuberculosis.

Infectious disease is the result of interactions between host and pathogen and can depend on genetic variations in both. We conduct a genome-to-genome study of paired human and Mycobacterium tuberculosis genomes from a cohort of 1556 tuberculosis patients in Lima, Peru. We identify an association between a human intronic variant (rs3130660, OR = 10.

Multi-habitat utilization and diverse life history of the endangered Sea Carp (Cyprinus acutidorsalis) in the Wanquan Estuary, Hainan island, China: Evidence from otolith microchemistry.

The Sea Carp Cyprinus acutidorsalis (Wang) is an endemic species limited to a few estuaries in China, uniquely adapted to long-term residence in brackish water environments. This species is endangered due to anthropogenic disturbances, and its life history and habitat use remain poorly understood. This study is the first to investigate the life history and habitat utilization of Sea Carp in the Wanquan Estuary, Hainan Province, China, using otolith microchemistry.

Semi-interpenetrating polybenzimidazole membrane containing polymeric ionic liquid with high power density and enhanced proton conductivity for fuel cells.

In phosphoric acid (PA)-doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes designed for high-temperature proton exchange membranes (HT-PEMs), increasing the PA doping is essential. Yet, excessive PA doping causes a decline in mechanical strength, which in turn affects the cell performance. We utilize a strategy that integrates elevated PA absorption, increased mechanical strength, and enhanced PA retention.

Au nanoflower/Au island hybrid substrate as high-performance SERS platforms.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) offers significant enhancements to weak Raman signals, which has been widely used for the detection of ultra-low concentrations of molecules. Obtaining repeatable SERS substrates with high density "hot spots" is one of the main challenges for quantitative analysis using SERS. Herein, a SERS substrate based on Au nanoflower/nanoisland (NF/NI) hybrid substrate is constructed.

The redox sensor KEAP1 facilitates adaptation of T cells to chronic antigen stimulation by preventing hyperactivation.

During persistent antigen stimulation, exhausted CD8 T cells are continuously replenished by self-renewing stem-like T cells. However, how CD8 T cells adapt to chronic stimulation remains unclear. Here, we show that persistent antigen stimulation primes chromatin for regulation by the redox-sensing KEAP1-NRF2 pathway.

Thinkings on the reform of medical education system in China.

Different clinical medicine programs exist in China, which are mainly the 3-year junior college medical program, the 5-year medical bachelor's degree program, the 5 + 3 medical master's degree program, and the 8-year medical doctoral degree program. Medical graduates obtain different degrees from various medical programs, leading to inequality and polarization of the cultivation. The extended length of schooling discourages talented students from pursuing clinical medicine.

CBL1/CIPK23 phosphorylates tonoplast sugar transporter TST2 to enhance sugar accumulation in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis).

Fruit taste quality is greatly influenced by the content of soluble sugars, which are predominantly stored in the vacuolar lumen. However, the accumulation and regulation mechanisms of sugars in most fruits remain unclear. Recently, we established the citrus fruit vacuole proteome and discovered the major transporters localized in the vacuole membrane.

Corrigendum: Multilevel Factors Influencing the Requirement for Geriatric Nursing by Older Adults Living With HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2024.

Efficacy, safety, and prognostic factors of capecitabine plus temozolomide regimen in patients with atypical thymic carcinoids.

Background And Objectives: Atypical thymic carcinoids (ATCs) are rare mediastinal malignancies that lack established treatment guidelines. Capecitabine and temozolomide (CapTem) has demonstrated significant efficacy in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), while its applicability and effectiveness in ATCs remain underexplored. This study seeks to investigate the efficacy, safety, and prognostic factors associated with CapTem in ATC patients.

CMTM7 shapes the chronic inflammatory and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma as an M2 macrophage biomarker.

Transmembrane domain-containing 7 (CMTM7) is a protein located at the plasma membrane. It plays a role in regulating the development and immune microenvironment of tumor cells. However, the impact of CMTM7 on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not well understood.