Comparison of clinical outcomes in patients with advanced pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma treated with immunotherapy-based regimens or chemotherapy: A study based on the SEER database and multicentric real-world settings.

Background: Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is a rare lung cancer characterized by early metastasis and invasion. It is predominantly diagnosed at a locally advanced or metastatic stage, hindering the possibility of surgical intervention. However, a standard treatment for advanced PSC remains unestablished.

Associations Between the Social Determinants of Health and Risk of Interpersonal Violence Among Black Americans in Rural Alabama.

Prior research has linked the social determinants of health, such as food insecurity and housing instability, to experiences of interpersonal violence. However, little is known about how the social determinants of health are related to the risk for interpersonal violence among Black Americans living in rural, high-poverty communities in the Deep South. The intersection of rurality, racialized identity, and economic hardship makes this population particularly vulnerable to interpersonal violence, yet this population is underrepresented in the literature.

PSMA and SSTR2 Dual-Targeting Theranostic Agents for Neuroendocrine-Differentiated Prostate Cancer (NEPC).

Radioactive prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting agents are clinically useful for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with PSMA-positive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Neuroendocrine-differentiated prostate cancer (NEPC), a highly aggressive subtype that is strongly associated with a poor clinical prognosis, may present with reduced PSMA expression and evade detection with PSMA-targeted agents. Several studies have shown elevated uptake of somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) ligands in PSMA-negative NEPC.

The formation, maintenance, and loss of island biodiversity.

Due to the unique geographical features of large numbers, isolated by water and diverse formation histories, islands have become natural laboratories for ecological and evolutionary research. Islands have a high proportion of endemic species and disharmony in representing the species compared with that in the continent, which provides a good opportunity to explore the formation of island biodiversity. In this review, we focuse on island ecosystems and describes the progress of research in island biogeography in recent years from three aspects: formation, maintenance, and loss of island biodiversity.

Effects of graded levels Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi) on growth performance, serum biochemical indices, meat quality, and caecal microbiota and metabolite in yellow-feathered broilers.

The Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CRP), is the aged peel of Citrus fruit, which contains phenols, flavonoids, and polysaccharides. This study aims to investigate dietary CRP supplementation on the growth performance, serum biochemical indices, meat quality, intestinal morphology, microbiota, and metabolite of yellow-feathered broilers. A total of 240 yellow-feathered broilers (1.

Mapping the chromothripsis landscape in urothelial carcinoma unravels great intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity.

Chromothripsis, a hallmark of cancer, is characterized by extensive and localized DNA rearrangements involving one or a few chromosomes. However, its genome-wide frequency and characteristics in urothelial carcinoma (UC) remain largely unknown. Here, by analyzing single-regional and multi-regional whole-genome sequencing (WGS), we present the chromothripsis blueprint in 488 UC patients.

A multivariate soil temperature interval forecasting method for precision regulation of plant growth environment.

Foliage plants have strict requirements for their growing environment, and timely and accurate soil temperature forecasts are crucial for their growth and health. Soil temperature exhibits by its non-linear variations, time lags, and coupling with multiple variables, making precise short-term multi-step forecasts challenging. To address this issue, this study proposes a multivariate forecasting method suitable for soil temperature forecasting.

Complete chloroplast genome of eight Phaius (Orchidaceae) species from China: comparative analysis and phylogenetic relationship.

Background: Phaius Lour. (Collabieae, Orchidaceae) is a small genus consisting of about 45 species, with highly ornamental and medicinal values. However, the phylogenetic relationship of Phaius among Calanthe s.

The influencing factors of cognitive impairment in elderly individuals in Chengdu city: a cross-sectional study based on AD8.

Background: With the aging of society, cognitive impairment in elderly people is becoming increasingly common and has caused major public health problems. The screening of cognitive impairment in elderly people and its related influencing factors can aid in the development of relevant intervention and improvement strategies.

Methods: In this study, stratified random cluster sampling was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey of elderly individuals aged 65 years in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, through an electronic questionnaire from November 2022 to November 2023.

DNAzyme assisted single amplification for FEN1 activity detection using a personal glucose meter.

Flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) plays a vital role in cancer by modulating DNA repair mechanisms, inducing genomic instability, and serving as a promising biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. In this work, we present the development of a novel DNAzyme signal amplification-directed point-of-care sensing system (Dz-PGM) for the sensitive and specific detection of FEN1. The Dz-PGM system utilizes DNAzyme signal amplification in conjunction with a personal glucose meter (PGM) for reporting, capitalizing on a biochemical cascade initiated by FEN1 recognition.

Diterpenoid alkaloids from the roots of Aconitum bulbilliferum.

The phytochemistry study of Aconitum bulbilliferum Hand.-Mazz. is firstly reported.

Discovery and solution for microplastics: New risk carriers in food.

Microplastics (MPs), as a kind of plastic particles with an equal volume size of less than 5 mm, similar to PM2.5 in the air, are causing severe contamination issues in food. Along with the food chain accumulation, they have been confirmed to appear in daily foods and cause serious health risks to the organisms.

Site-Specific Molecular Engineering of Nanobody-Glucoside Conjugates for Enhanced Brain Tumor Targeting.

Nanobodies play an increasingly prominent role in cancer imaging and therapy. However, their efficacy is often constrained by inadequate tumor penetration and rapid clearance from the bloodstream, particularly in brain tumors due to the intractable blood-brain barrier (BBB). Glycosylation is a favorable strategy for modulating the biological functions of nanobodies, including permeability and pharmacokinetics, but it also leads to heterogeneous glycan structures, which affect the targeting ability, stability, and quality of nanobodies.

The role of the microbiota and metabolites in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis with UC-MSCs: Integrating fecal metabolomics and 16S rDNA analysis.

Introduction: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic and irreversible interstitial lung disease characterized by a lack of effective therapies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have garnered significant interest in the realm of lung regeneration due to their abundant availability, ease of isolation, and capacity for expansion. The objective of our study was to investigate the potential therapeutic role of umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) in the management of PF, with a focus on the alterations in the gut microbiota and its metabolites during the use of UC-MSCs for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, as well as the possible mechanisms involved.

Effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on patients with chronic ankle instability: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study conducts a rigorous meta-analysis of existing literature to rigorously examine the efficacy of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) in ameliorating functional deficits associated with Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI).

Methods: Literature searches were conducted in multiple databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP, Wanfang, China Biology Medicine disc (CBM), PubMed, EBSCO (Medline, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Source), Embase, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials assessing the effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation interventions on patients with Chronic Ankle Instability. The publication timeframe spanned from the inception of each database until April 10, 2024.

A randomized trial of virtual reality eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy for major depressive disorder with childhood trauma: A 3-month follow-up study.

Objective: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy (EMDR) is effective in treating major depressive disorder (MDD) with childhood trauma, and virtual reality (VR) can further extend its application form. However, the utilization of VR-EMDR in treating MDD with childhood trauma is still in its infancy, and whether it can improve depressive symptoms and traumatic experience remains unknown.

Method: Seventy-two MDD patients were randomly allocated to the intervention group and the wait-list control group on a 1:1 basis.

Association Between Cesarean Scar and Pelvic Floor Muscle Tone at 6-8 Weeks Postpartum.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The relationship between cesarean section scars and active pelvic floor muscle tone lacks sufficient evidence. This study is aimed at investigating the relationship between the severity of cesarean section scars and active pelvic floor muscle tone in postpartum women.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study of 604 women at 6-8 weeks postpartum.

Single-Cell RNA-seq Reveals Increased and Activated Post-Capillary Venule Endothelial Cells in Erythrodermic Psoriasis.

Erythrodermic psoriasis (EP) is a life-threatening variant of psoriasis. In this study, we contrasted the vascular endothelial cells (ECs) in EP lesions against those in psoriasis vulgaris and healthy controls. Utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry on human and mouse samples, we observed a marked increase and activation of EP ECs, which upregulated genes relative to angiogenesis, leukocyte adhesion and antigen presentation.

Biomarkers.

Background: The development of reliable blood biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) has been hindered by the lack of tools with sufficient sensitivity to detect low concentrations of brain-derived proteins in plasma or serum in a highly multiplexed manner. NULISA™ (NUcleic acid-Linked Immuno-Sandwich Assay) has emerged as a promising solution, with attomolar sensitivity and capable of high multiplexing in a fully automated system. In this study, we introduce NULISA CNS Disease Panel 120, a 120-plex NULISAseq assay for profiling key hallmarks of NDDs in both blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Biomarkers.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) resemblance atrophy index (AD-RAI) is a novel MRI-based machine-learning derived biomarker for AD that is valid in the detection of early AD. We aimed to investigate the association between the serial change of AD-RAI and cognitive progression overtime among cognitively unimpaired (CU) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects with and without A+T+ (i.e.

Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) resemblance atrophy index (AD-RAI) is a novel MRI-based machine-learning derived biomarker for AD that is valid in the detection of early AD. We aimed to investigate the association between the serial change of AD-RAI and cognitive progression overtime among cognitively unimpaired (CU) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects with and without A+T+ (i.e.

Involvement of Tim-3 in Maternal-fetal Tolerance: A Review of Current Understanding.

As the first T cell immunoglobulin mucin (Tim) family member to be identified, Tim-3 is a powerful immune checkpoint that functions in immunoregulation and induction of tolerance. Conventionally, Tim-3 is considered to play a role in adaptive immunity, especially in helper T cell-mediated immune responses. As researches progress, Tim-3 has been detected in a wider range of cell types, modulating cell function through ligand-receptor interactions and other pathways.

Longikaurin A, a natural ent-kaurane, suppresses proliferation, invasion and tumorigenicity in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell by via inhibiting PI3K/Akt pathway and .

Longikaurin A (LK-A), a naturally occurring ent-kaurane diterpenoid, has been identified as a promising anti-cancer agent. This study aims to elucidate the anti-tumorigenic effects of LK-A on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells and to unravel its underlying mechanisms. assays, including CCK-8 and EdU, were performed to assess cell viability and proliferation.

A Novel Oncolytic Virus Formulation Based on Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Vesicles for Tumor Therapy.

Developing new drug delivery systems is crucial for enhancing the efficacy of oncolytic virus (OV) therapies in cancer treatment. In this study, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived vesicles and oncolytic viruses are exploited to construct a novel formulation. It has been hypothesized that vesicle-coated OVs could amplify cytotoxic effects through superior internalization by tumor cells.