Cooperative Anion-π Catalysis with Chiral Molecular Cages toward Enantioselective Desymmetrization of Anhydrides.

Exploiting novel noncovalent interactions for catalysis design represents a fascinating direction. For the flexible and relatively weak anion-π interactions, manipulation of two or more π-acidic surfaces for cooperative activation is highly desirable. Here, we demonstrate the strategy of cooperative anion-π catalysis based on chiral molecular cages with V-shaped electron-deficient cavities for synergic binding and activation of dicarbonyl electrophiles toward highly enantioselective desymmetrization transformation.

Tumor Metabolic Reprogramming and Ferroptosis: The Impact of Glucose, Protein, and Lipid Metabolism.

Ferroptosis, a novel form of cell death discovered in recent years, is typically accompanied by significant iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation during the process. This article systematically elucidates how tumor metabolic reprogramming affects the ferroptosis process in tumor cells. The paper outlines the basic concepts and physiological significance of tumor metabolic reprogramming and ferroptosis, and delves into the specific regulatory mechanisms of glucose metabolism, protein metabolism, and lipid metabolism on ferroptosis.

Genome-wide identification and analysis of autophagy-related (ATG) genes in Lycium ruthenicum Murray reveals their crucial roles in salt stress tolerance.

Autophagy is a highly conserved intracellular degradation system that is crucial for nutrient recycling, thus regulating plant growth and development as well as in response to various stresses. Halophytic plant Lycium ruthenicum Murray (L. ruthenicum) is considered as a potential model plant for studying the physiological mechanisms of salt stress tolerance in plants.

MtNAD1 associates with the autophagy complex to contribute to the degradation of immunity-related proteins in Medicago truncatula nodules.

Plant immunity is suppressed in the symbiotic nodule cells, thereby facilitating rhizobial infection. Medicago truncatula NODULES WITH ACTIVATED DEFENSE1 (MtNAD1) is crucial for suppressing immunity in nodules; however, its molecular function is unclear. We explored the molecular basis of the role of MtNAD1 in suppressing innate immunity in M.

All-trans retinoic acid inhibits glioblastoma progression and attenuates radiation-induced brain injury.

Radiotherapy (RT) remains a primary treatment modality for glioblastoma (GBM), but it induces cellular senescence and is strongly implicated in GBM progression and RT-related injury. Recently, eliminating senescent cells has emerged as a promising strategy for treating cancer and for mitigating radiation-induced brain injury (RBI). Here, we investigated the impact of all-trans retinoic acid (RA) on radiation-induced senescence.

1-Nitropyrene Metabolism and Health Risk: Identification of Key Enzymes, Pathways, and Metabolites Using a Multimethod Approach.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) derivatives have a widespread presence in the environment and even the human body, but their metabolism and potential risk remain unclear. In this study, we used molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory to calculate the metabolic mechanism of 1-nitropyrene (1-NP), an important PAH derivative. The results showed that cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) can metabolize 1-NP, with CYP 2A13 and CYP 2E1 being important enzyme isoforms, because they had lower binding affinities (-16.

Integrating GWAS and transcriptomics to identify candidate genes conferring relative growth rate trait in white-feathered broiler.

Broilers are a globally significant resource for food production, and their relative growth rate (RGR) has attracted increasing attention for improving broiler monitoring, feed management and feed conversion. The main objectives of this study were to identify key candidate genes affecting the RGR in white-feathered broiler by integrating genomic and transcriptomic datasets. This study reports a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using 3 purebred lines (n = 3,727) and 5,841,467 input SNPs to understand the genetic control of the RGR.

Melatonin receptor 1A variants as genetic cause of idiopathic osteoporosis.

Idiopathic osteoporosis (IOP) is a rare form of early-onset osteoporosis diagnosed in patients with no known metabolic or hormonal cause of bone loss and unknown pathogenesis. Patients with IOP commonly report both childhood fractures and family history of osteoporosis, raising the possibility of genetic etiologies of IOP. Whole-exome sequencing analyses of different IOP cohorts identified multiple variants in melatonin receptor 1A () with a potential pathogenic outcome.

Amino acid metabolism-related genes as potential biomarkers and the role of MATN3 in stomach adenocarcinoma: A bioinformatics, mendelian randomization and experimental validation study.

Background: Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is a major contributor to cancer-related mortality worldwide. Alterations in amino acid metabolism, which is integral to protein synthesis, have been observed across various tumor types. However, the prognostic significance of amino acid metabolism-related genes in STAD remains underexplored.

Explainable machine learning framework to predict the risk of work-related neck and shoulder musculoskeletal disorders among healthcare professionals.

Objective: This study aims to develop risk prediction models for neck and shoulder musculoskeletal disorders among healthcare professionals.

Methods: A stratified sampling method was employed to select employees from medical institutions in Nanning City, yielding 617 samples. The Boruta algorithm was used for feature selection, and various models, including Tree-Based Models, Single Hidden-Layer Neural Network Models (MLP), Elastic Net Models (ENet), and Support Vector Machines (SVM), were applied to predict the selected variables, utilizing SHAP algorithms for individual-level local explanations.

Blockchain-based proxy re-encryption access control method for biological risk privacy protection of agricultural products.

In today's globalized agricultural system, information leakage of agricultural biological risk factors can lead to business risks and public panic, jeopardizing corporate reputation. To solve the above problems, this study constructs a blockchain network for agricultural product biological risk traceability based on agricultural product biological risk factor data to achieve traceability of biological risk traceability data of agricultural product supply chain to meet the sustainability challenges. To guarantee the secure and flexible sharing of agricultural product biological risk privacy information and limit the scope of privacy information dissemination, the blockchain-based proxy re-encryption access control method (BBPR-AC) is designed.

Mining Candidate Genes and Identifying Risk Factors for Leg Disease in Broilers: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Clinical investigations have highlighted disruptions in bone metabolic processes and abnormal fluctuations in serum indicator levels during the onset of leg disease (LD) in broilers. However, the presence of a genetic causal relationship for this association remains undetermined. Therefore, the aim of this study is to discern the risk factors underlying LD development using 1235 sequenced white-feathered broilers.

Toxicity evolution of triclosan during environmental transformation and human metabolism: Misgivings in the post-pandemic era.

In the context of pandemic viruses and pathogenic bacteria, triclosan (TCS), as a typical antibacterial agent, is widely used around the world. However, the health risks from TCS increase with exposure, and it is widespread in environmental and human samples. Notably, environmental transformation and human metabolism could induce potentially undesirable risks to humans, rather than simple decontamination or detoxification.

Defective autophagy of pericytes enhances radiation-induced senescence promoting radiation brain injury.

Background: Radiation-induced brain injury (RBI) represents a major challenge for cancer patients undergoing cranial radiotherapy. However, the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of RBI remain inconclusive. With the continuous exploration of the mechanisms of RBI, an increasing number of studies have implicated cerebrovascular dysfunction as a key factor in RBI-related cognitive impairment.

The catalytic asymmetric polyene cyclization of homofarnesol to ambrox.

Polyene cyclizations are among the most complex and challenging transformations in biology. In a single reaction step, multiple carbon-carbon bonds, ring systems and stereogenic centres are constituted from simple, acyclic precursors. Simultaneously achieving this kind of precise control over product distribution and stereochemistry poses a formidable task for chemists.

Current trends and perspectives on salty and salt taste-enhancing peptides: A focus on preparation, evaluation and perception mechanisms of salt taste.

Long-term excessive intake of sodium negatively impacts human health. Effective strategies to reduce sodium content in foods include the use of salty and salt taste-enhancing peptides, which can reduce sodium intake without compromising the flavor or salt taste. Salty and salt taste-enhancing peptides naturally exist in various foods and predominantly manifest as short-chain peptides consisting of < 10 amino acids.

Genome-wide association analysis identify candidate genes for feed efficiency and growth traits in Wenchang chickens.

Background: Wenchang chickens are one of the most popular local chicken breeds in the Chinese chicken industry. However, the low feed efficiency is the main shortcoming of this breed. Therefore, there is a need to find a more precise breeding method to improve the feed efficiency of Wenchang chickens.

Baseline neurological deficit and argatroban plus alteplase in acute ischemic stroke: A post hoc analysis of ARAIS trial.

Background: The ARAIS trial didn't demonstrate argatroban significantly improve functional outcome at 90 days in acute ischemic stroke. We conducted post hoc analysis of ARAIS to investigate whether baseline neurological deficit was associated with outcomes.

Methods: Patients without endovascular therapy who met screening criteria as protocol and completed argatroban treatment were enrolled and classified into two subgroups according to NIHSS score at admission.

Measurement invariance of the Coparenting Relationship Scale (CRS) across 10 countries.

The purpose of this study was to assess the factor structure and the measurement invariance of the Coparenting Relationship Scale (CRS) across 10 countries based on the seven-factor coparenting model (i.e., Coparenting Agreement, Coparenting Closeness, Exposure to Conflict, Coparenting Support, Endorsement of Partner's Parenting; Division of Labor) proposed by Feinberg (2003).

Nomograms for Predicting Risk and Survival of Esophageal Cancer Lung Metastases: a SEER Analysis.

The overall survival rate is notably low for esophageal cancer patients with lung metastases (LM), presenting significant challenges in their treatment. Through the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program, individuals diagnosed with esophageal cancer between 2010 and 2015 were enrolled. Based on whether esophageal cancer metastasized to the lungs, we used propensity score matching (PSM) to balance correlated variables.

Tanshinone IIA destabilizes SLC7A11 by regulating PIAS4-mediated SUMOylation of SLC7A11 through KDM1A, and promotes ferroptosis in breast cancer.

Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women with unfavorite prognosis.

Objectives: Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) inhibits BC progression, however, the underlying mechanism remains largely undefined.

Methods: The cytotoxicity of Tan IIA was assessed by CCK-8 and LDH assays.

Lanosterol synthase deficiency promotes tumor progression by orchestrating PDL1-dependent tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment.

Lipid metabolic reprogramming is closely related to tumor progression with the mechanism not fully elucidated. Here, we report the immune-regulated role of lanosterol synthase (LSS), an essential enzyme in cholesterol synthesis. Database analysis and clinical sample experiments suggest that LSS was lowly expressed in colon and breast cancer tissues, which indicates poor prognosis.