Molecular mechanism of GSH metabolism and autophagy in NAC-promoted recombinant human serum albumin and follicle stimulating hormone beta fusion protein secretion in Pichia pastoris.

The Pichia pastoris expression system is a favorable platform for production of pharmaceutical proteins. Treatment of strains with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) has been shown to enhance the yield of recombinant proteins, thereby contributing to a reduction in production costs. However, the specific mechanism of action of NAC remains unclear.

Potential Biomarkers in Myocardial Fibrosis: A Bioinformatic Analysis.

Background: Myocardial fibrosis (MF) occurs throughout the onset and progression of cardiovascular disease, and early diagnosis of MF is beneficial for improving cardiac function, but there is a lack of research on early biomarkers of MF.

Objectives: Utilizing bioinformatics techniques, we identified potential biomarkers for MF.

Methods: Datasets related to MF were sourced from the GEO database.

Metal mixtures exposure with risk of elevated serum neurofilament light chain concentrations in U.S. general adults, NHANES 2013-2014.

Background: A relatively well-established link was observed between metal mixtures exposure and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the relationship between metal mixtures exposure and serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) concentrations, a valuable non-invasive biomarker of neurodegenerative diseases, in general adult populations remains understudied and unclear.

Objective: This study seeks to elucidate the potential impact of metal mixtures exposure on sNfL concentrations in a representative sample of U.

Ginsenoside RK3 inhibits glioblastoma by modulating macrophage M2 polarization via the PPARG/CCL2 axis.

Background: Glioblastoma is recognized as the most aggressive form of intracranial tumor, presenting significant challenges in treatment. Recent emphasis has been placed on the potential of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as an adjuvant treatment for cancer.

Methods: We employed a series of assays-including CCK8, EdU, Transwell, and neurosphere formation-to evaluate the impact of ginsenoside RK3 on the phenotype of GBM.

Effects of different monochromatic light on growth performance and liver circadian rhythm of Yangzhou geese.

The objective of this study is to examine the impact of monochromatic light on the circadian rhythms of blood melatonin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels, liver clock genes, and melatonin receptors. A total of 144 male Yangzhou geese were randomly assigned to four groups based on light color, with each group consisting of 36 geese. The geese were provided with ad libitum access to food and water, and were raised for 70 days under a photoperiod of 16 hours of light and 8 hours of darkness.

Flavonoids from Rhododendron nivale Hook. f ameliorate alcohol-associated liver disease via activating the PPARα signaling pathway.

Background: Flavonoids are increasingly recognized for their potent antioxidant properties and potential therapeutic roles in the management of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). Extracts derived from Rhododendron nivale Hook. f.

Macrophages after myocardial infarction: Mechanisms for repairing and potential as therapeutic approaches.

Macrophages - one of the crucial immune cells, are recruited to the cardiac tissue by chemokines, cytokines and upregulated endothelial adhesion molecules after myocardial infarction (MI). During the course of inflammation in the cardiac tissue, necrotic cells and matrix debris is phagocytosed by M1 macrophages. During the resolution phase of cardiac inflammation, M2 macrophages promote cardiac recovery.

An explainable deep learning model to predict partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection for patients with atrial septal defect.

Background: Patients with partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) usually present asymptomatic and accompanied by intricate anatomical types, which results in missed diagnosis from atrial septal defect (ASD). The present study aimed to explore the predictive variables of PAPVC from patients with ASD and constructed an explainable prediction model based on deep learning.

Methods: The retrospective study included 834 inpatients with ASD in Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University from January 2018 to January 2023.

[Fibulin-3 Regulates Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases 3 to Inhibit Senescence in Intervertebral Disc Nucleus Pulposus Cells].

Objective: To investigate the effect of fibulin-3 on the senescence of intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) through the regulation of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3 (TIMP-3) expression and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved.

Methods: 1). The nucleus pulposus tissues and imaging data of 37 patients who had undergone intervertebral disc surgery were collected.

The role of post-traumatic antifibrinolysis in the perioperative blood management of elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures treated with PFNA: A randomised controlled trial.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of posttraumatic antifibrinolytic therapy with repeated doses of intravenous tranexamic acid (IV-TXA) in reducing perioperative hidden blood loss (HBL) in elderly intertrochanteric femur fracture (IFF) patients.

Method: 112 elderly IFF patients who were admitted to our department from March 2020 to May 2021 were randomized to receive 100 ml of normal saline (Control group) or 1.5 g of TXA (TXA group) intravenously q12 h from postadmission day 1 (PAD1) to PAD3.

Association and causal mediation between marital status and depression in seven countries.

Depression represents a significant global public health challenge, and marital status has been recognized as a potential risk factor. However, previous investigations of this association have primarily focused on Western samples with substantial heterogeneity. Our study aimed to examine the association between marital status and depressive symptoms across countries with diverse cultural backgrounds using a large-scale, two-stage, cross-country analysis.

Subjective Refraction Test Using a Smartphone for Vision Screening.

To improve access to vision care and to enable mass vision screening, a smartphone app has been developed to measure refractive errors. Without needing any external attachment, the app running on a standalone phone can be used by lay personnel to measure subjective refraction. Its validity has been pilot-tested in clinical settings and underserved communities.

Circadian rhythm genes contribute to the prognosis prediction and potential therapeutic target in gastric cancer.

The role of circadian rhythm genes (CRGs) in gastric cancer (GC) is poorly understood. This study aimed to develop a CRG signature to improve understanding of prognosis and immunotherapy responses in GC patients. We integrated the The Cancer Genome Atlas-Stomach adenocarcinoma (TCGA-STAD) dataset with CRGs to develop a prognostic signature for GC.

Effective prism diopter for strabismus measurement: Conversion from anterior Prentice position to posterior parallel position and from glass prism to acrylic prism.

Purpose: In clinical ophthalmology, prisms, commonly made of glass, are labeled based on the prism diopter (PD) value measured in the anterior Prentice position. However, they are often used in the posterior parallel position for practicality, causing a discrepancy between labeled and effective PD. This study proposes a conversion tool to address this issue.

Machine learning identification of NK cell immune characteristics in hepatocellular carcinoma based on single-cell sequencing and bulk RNA sequencing.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly malignant tumor; however, its immune microenvironment and mechanisms remain elusive. Single-cell sequencing allows for the exploration of immune characteristics within tumor at the cellular level. However, current knowledge regarding the roles of different immune cell populations in liver cancer progression is limited.

Sustainable bioenergy potential of peat-moss derived hydrothermal aqueous phase: Insights into methane production and organic transformation.

Achieving Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG-7) by exploring bioenergy production from peat-moss derived hydrothermal aqueous phase (HAPs) through anaerobic digestion (AD). This study investigated six combinations of hydrothermal conversion temperature (HCT) and residence time (HCRT). Methane yields varied significantly, with the highest (256 mL/g COD) achieved at 200 °C:4h, while the lowest (97 mL/g COD) was at 320 °C:4h due to formation of toxic and refractory organics.

Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) Ameliorates Free Fatty Acid-Induced Pancreatic β-Cell Dysfunction via the NAD/AMPK/SIRT1/HIF-1α Pathway.

As the sole producers of insulin under physiological conditions, the normal functioning of pancreatic β cells is crucial for maintaining glucose homeostasis in the body. Due to the high oxygen and energy demands required for insulin secretion, hypoxia has been shown to play a critical role in pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Lipid metabolism abnormalities, a common metabolic feature in type 2 diabetic patients, are often accompanied by tissue hypoxia caused by metabolic overload and lead to increased free fatty acid (FFA) levels.

Oxidative Catalytic Depolymerization of Lignin into Value-Added Monophenols by Carbon Nanotube-Supported Cu-Based Catalysts.

Lignin valorisation into chemicals and fuels is of great importance in addressing energy challenges and advancing biorefining in a sustainable manner. In this study, on the basis of the high microwave absorption performance of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), a series of copper-oxide-loaded CNT catalysts (CuO/CNT) were developed to facilitate the oxidative depolymerization of lignin under microwave heating. This catalyst can promote the activation of hydrogen peroxide and air, effectively generating a range of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Generation and characterization of a novel ovariole cell line derived from Spodoptera frugiperda in China with sensitivity to both SfMNPV and AcMNPV.

Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (SfMNPV), belonging to the species Alphabaculovirus spofrugiperdae, has been recently registered as an insecticide in China. This virus has a specific effect on the global major agricultural pest Spodoptera frugiperda. To gain insights into viral infection, replication processes, and the complex formation of viral particles, in vitro studies using cell lines are essential tools.

Stable construction and analysis of MDD modular networks based on multi-center EEG data.

Background: The modular structure can reflect the activity pattern of the brain, and exploring it may help us understand the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, little is known about how to build a stable modular structure in MDD patients and how modules are separated and integrated.

Method: We used four independent resting state Electroencephalography (EEG) datasets.

Quercetin Mitigates Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC)-Induced Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) Formation through Inhibiting the P2X7R/P38MAPK/NOX2 Pathway.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are three-dimensional reticular structures that release chromatin and cellular contents extracellularly upon neutrophil activation. As a novel effector mechanism of neutrophils, NETs possess the capacity to amplify localized inflammation and have been demonstrated to contribute to the exacerbation of various inflammatory diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and tumors. It is suggested that lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), as the primary active component of oxidized low-density lipoprotein, represents a significant risk factor for various inflammatory diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative diseases.

Subject-level spinal osteoporotic fracture prediction combining deep learning vertebral outputs and limited demographic data.

Unlabelled: Automated screening for vertebral fractures could improve outcomes. We achieved an AUC-ROC = 0.968 for the prediction of moderate to severe fracture using a GAM with age and three maximal vertebral body scores of fracture from a convolutional neural network.