Assembly-free single-molecule sequencing recovers complete virus genomes from natural microbial communities.

Viruses are the most abundant biological entities on Earth and play key roles in host ecology, evolution, and horizontal gene transfer. Despite recent progress in viral metagenomics, the inherent genetic complexity of virus populations still poses technical difficulties for recovering complete virus genomes from natural assemblages. To address these challenges, we developed an assembly-free, single-molecule nanopore sequencing approach, enabling direct recovery of complete virus genome sequences from environmental samples.

Double-stranded DNA virioplankton dynamics and reproductive strategies in the oligotrophic open ocean water column.

Microbial communities are critical to ecosystem dynamics and biogeochemical cycling in the open oceans. Viruses are essential elements of these communities, influencing the productivity, diversity, and evolution of cellular hosts. To further explore the natural history and ecology of open-ocean viruses, we surveyed the spatiotemporal dynamics of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses in both virioplankton and bacterioplankton size fractions in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, one of the largest biomes on the planet.

Pulsed electromagnetic fields modify the adverse effects of glucocorticoids on bone architecture, bone strength and porous implant osseointegration by rescuing bone-anabolic actions.

Long-term glucocorticoid therapy is known to induce increased bone fragility and impaired skeletal regeneration potential. Growing evidence suggests that pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) can accelerate fracture healing and increase bone mass both experimentally and clinically. However, how glucocorticoid-treated bone and bone cells respond to PEMF stimulation remains poorly understood.

[Treatment of dentofacial deformities secondary to condylar resorption].

Treating dentofacial deformities secondary to condylar resorption is a remarkable clinical challenge. Combined orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery is currently the main treatment scheme and is often integrated with temporomandibular joint surgery or conservative treatment according to the severity of condylar resorption. This paper discussed the etiology, clinical features, imaging features, treatment options, and prophylaxis of condylar resorption.

Diel cycling of the cosmopolitan abundant Pelagibacter virus 37-F6: one of the most abundant viruses on earth.

The spatiotemporal dynamics for marine viral populations has only recently been explored. However, nothing is known about temporal activities of the uncultured Pelagibacter virus vSAG 37-F6, which was discovered by single-virus genomics as potentially the most abundant marine virus. Here, we investigate the diel cycling of 37-F6 virus and the putative SAR11 host using coastal and oceanic transcriptomic and viromic time-series data from Osaka Bay and North Pacific Subtropical Gyre.

Differential skeletal response in adult and aged rats to independent and combinatorial stimulation with pulsed electromagnetic fields and mechanical vibration.

Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) and whole-body vibration (WBV) are proved to partially preserve bone mass/strength in hindlimb-unloaded and ovariectomized animals. However, the potential age-dependent skeletal response to either PEMF or WBV has not been fully investigated. Moreover, whether the coupled "mechano-electro-magnetic" signals can induce greater osteogenic potential than single stimulation remains unknown.

Spatiotemporal characterization of microdamage accumulation and its targeted remodeling mechanisms in diabetic fatigued bone.

The skeleton of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has deteriorated mechanical integrity and increased fragility, whereas the mechanisms are not fully understood. Load-induced microdamage naturally occurs in bone matrix and can be removed by initiating endogenous targeted bone remodeling. However, the microdamage accumulation in diabetic skeleton and the corresponding bone remodeling mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Treatment of hemimandibular hyperplasia by computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing cutting and drilling guides accompanied with pre-bent titanium plates.

Purpose: The treatment of hemimandibular hyperplasia (HH) is difficult by performing condylectomy and orthognathic surgery in one stage. This study investigated the clinical feasibility of treating HH with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) cutting and drilling guides and the pre-bent titanium plates to improve the accuracy of operation to avoid condyle reconstruction.

Methods: 12 patients diagnosed with HH were included in this study from 2014 to 2018.

Development and Local Contextualization of Mobile Health Messages for Enhancing Disease Management Among Community-Dwelling Stroke Patients in Rural China: Multimethod Study.

Background: Rural China has experienced an increasing health burden because of stroke. Stroke patients in rural communities have relatively poor awareness of and adherence to evidence-based secondary prevention and self-management of stroke. Mobile technology represents an innovative way to influence patient behaviors and improve their self-management.

Accelerating Bone Healing by Decorating BMP-2 on Porous Composite Scaffolds.

Although artificial polymeric scaffolds act as vital characters in bone repair, their application is limited due to their inferior bioactivity. Herein, osteoinductive poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) composite scaffolds were prepared by synchronously enlisting bioactive nanohydroxyapatite (nHA), bioglass (BG), and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), which was bound up with polydopamine (pDA). It was found that pDA deposition not only significantly enhanced hydrophilicity and cell affinity of composite scaffolds but also endowed steady immobilization of BMP-2 with long-term yet sustained release.

Partial duplication of the jaw: case reports and review of relevant publications.

Craniofacial duplication is a rare congenital malformation with a wide phenotypic range. The signs and symptoms range from partial craniofacial duplication to bicephalus. We describe two cases of partial duplication of jaw: a girl with a duplication of the maxilla, and a boy with duplication of the mandible.

High triglyceride-glucose index is associated with poor prognosis in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is considered a pivotal risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases, and the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index) has emerged as a reliable surrogate marker of IR. Although several recent studies have shown the association of the TyG index with vascular disease, no studies have further investigated the role of the TyG index in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The objective of the present study was to evaluate the potential role of the TyG index as a predictor of prognosis in STEMI patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

[Current status of international discourse of China aid project of schistosomiasis control in Zanzibar].

Since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has constantly innovated and developed its diplomatic concept, and proposed the important idea of the Community of Shared Future for Mankind (CSFM), which contributes a discourse system with Chinese characteristics to the world. It is indicated that discourse builds its subject and governs the subject's discourse practices, and the discourse subject strengthens and reiterates discourse rules in discourse practices. China aid project of schistosomiasis control in Zanzibar is a discourse subject of the CSFM discourse system.

The NF-κB/miR-425-5p/MCT4 axis: A novel insight into diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction.

Endothelial cells (ECs) primarily rely on glycolysis for their energy metabolism, and the final product of glycolysis-lactate-is transferred out of cells via monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4). We previously showed that MCT4 downregulation is involved in diabetic endothelial injury. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms of MCT4 in diabetes remain unclear.

Correction: Casein kinase 2 inhibition sensitizes medulloblastoma to temozolomide.

The original version of this Article contained an error in the spelling of the author David Solow-Cordero, which was incorrectly given as David Solow-Codero. This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.

Predicting the Impact of Transforming the Medicaid Program on Health Centers' Revenues and Capacity to Serve Medically Underserved Communities.

Unlabelled: Policy Points Recent federal proposals to use block grants or per capita caps to fund Medicaid would likely lead to cuts in Medicaid funding for health centers, which are an important source of care for Medicaid enrollees. Recent Medicaid §1115 waivers are seeking to change state-level enrollment and eligibility requirements in ways that are expected to adversely affect health center revenues. Proposed Medicaid funding cuts are expected to lead to reductions in service capacity across all health centers over the long term.

FZD2 regulates cell proliferation and invasion in tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Many studies have shown that FZD2 is significantly associated with tumor development and tumor metastasis. The purpose of the present study was to gain insight into the role of FZD2 in the cell proliferation and invasion of tongue squamous cell carcinoma. According to TCGA-HNSC dataset, among the 10 Frizzled receptors, FZD2 exhibited the highest degree of differential expression between cancer tissues and normal tissues, and the overall survival of patients with higher FZD2 levels was shown to be significantly shorter compared with those with lower FZD2 levels.

The RNA Helicase DDX6 Controls Cellular Plasticity by Modulating P-Body Homeostasis.

Post-transcriptional mechanisms have the potential to influence complex changes in gene expression, yet their role in cell fate transitions remains largely unexplored. Here, we show that suppression of the RNA helicase DDX6 endows human and mouse primed embryonic stem cells (ESCs) with a differentiation-resistant, "hyper-pluripotent" state, which readily reprograms to a naive state resembling the preimplantation embryo. We further demonstrate that DDX6 plays a key role in adult progenitors where it controls the balance between self-renewal and differentiation in a context-dependent manner.

Targeted genomic CRISPR-Cas9 screen identifies MAP4K4 as essential for glioblastoma invasion.

Among high-grade brain tumors, glioblastoma is particularly difficult to treat, in part due to its highly infiltrative nature which contributes to the malignant phenotype and high mortality in patients. In order to better understand the signaling pathways underlying glioblastoma invasion, we performed the first large-scale CRISPR-Cas9 loss of function screen specifically designed to identify genes that facilitate cell invasion. We tested 4,574 genes predicted to be involved in trafficking and motility.

Fak silencing impairs osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells induced by uniaxial mechanical stretch.

Background/purpose: Mechanical stretch plays a key role in promoting proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in distraction osteogenesis (DO). A better understanding of how the extracellular biomechanical stimulation is transferred to intracellular signal expression will benefit DO. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a key factor in integrin signaling pathway.

Robotic compared with open operations for cancers of the head and neck: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

To compare the effectiveness and safety of robotic surgery with that of open operations for patients with cancers of the head and neck we made an electronic search of the CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CNKI, CBM, Opengray and Sciencepaper Online databases, and then made a manual search of specific online databases and the reference lists of relevant papers. Our most recent searches were made on 18 July 2018, and we included randomised controlled trials (RCT), case-control studies, cohort studies, and cross-sectional surveys in which robotic was compared with open surgery for cancer of the head and neck. Data from all the studies included were extracted by two independent workers.

Iduna protects HT22 cells by inhibiting parthanatos: The role of the p53-MDM2 pathway.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common and often fatal in current times. The role of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-induced cell death (parthanatos) in TBI has not been well studied. Our past study showed that oxidative stress-induced cell death includes parthanatos by confirming the occurrence of PARP activation and nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF).

Virtual Surgical Planning Assisted Management for Cleft-Related Maxillary Hypoplasia.

Maxillary hypoplasia is a common developmental deformity affecting patients with cleft lip and palate. Various surgical techniques including conventional orthognathic surgery, total maxillary distraction osteogenesis, and anterior maxillary segmental distraction have been applied to address the deformity. With the evolution of 3D computed tomography imaging, the visualization of skeletal complexities in different perspectives is greatly enhanced and comprehensive surgical planning is achieved.