Naphpyrones A-H, Antibacterial Aromatic Polyketides Isolated from the A3(2)/ ΔH3.

, a common foodborne pathogen, has a close association with agriculture and food. With the rapid emergence and widespread dissemination of antimicrobial resistance, efforts have been directed toward developing and studying new antimicrobial compounds to inhibit the growth of and other foodborne pathogens, thereby preventing contamination and ensuring food safety. Herein, we reported eight new aromatic polyketides, naphpyrones A-H (-), from the heterologous expression strain A3(2)/ ΔH3.

Novel antifungal talaroenamine L with unusual leptosphaeronyl moiety from marine-derived sp. HDN17-428 via HDACi elicitation.

Vorinostat elicitation of the deep-sea fungus sp. HDN17-428 resulted in the isolation of one new compound, talaroenamine L () with unusual leptosphaeronyl moiety and three known compounds (-). Structures of - were confirmed by extensive NMR, HRESIMS and OR calculations.

Polyketide Derivatives from the Mangrove-Derived Fungus sp. HDN15-312.

Four new polyketides, namely furantides A-B (-), talamin E () and arugosinacid A (), and two known polyketides were obtained from the mangrove-derived fungus sp. HDN15-312 using the One Strain Many Compounds (OSMAC) strategy. Their chemical structures, including configurations, were elucidated by detailed analysis of extensive NMR spectra, HRESIMS and ECD.

Biosynthesis of Atypical Angucyclines Unveils New Ring Rearrangement Reactions Catalyzed by Flavoprotein Monooxygenases.

Six new angucycline structures, including spirocyclione A (), which contains an unusual oxaspiro[5.5]undecane architecture, and its ring-A-cleaved product spirocyclione B (), were discovered by heterologous expression of a type II polyketide biosynthetic gene cluster captured from a marine actinomycete strain sp. HDN155000.

Combining the Elicitor Up-Regulated Production of Unusual Linear Diterpene-Derived Variants for an In-Depth Assessment of the Application Value and Risk of the Medicinal and Edible Basidiomycete .

To better assess the practical value and avoid potential risks of the traditionally medicinal and edible basidiomycete , which may arise from undescribed metabolites, a combination of elicitors was introduced for the first time to discover products from cryptic and low-expressed gene clusters under laboratory cultivation. Treating NJFU21 with the combination of five elicitors led to the upregulated production of a class of unusual linear diterpene-derived variants, including eleven new ones (-), along with three known ones (-). The structures and stereochemistry were determined by 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS, ECD, OR and VCD calculations.

Discovery, Total Synthesis, and Anti-Inflammatory Evaluation of Naturally Occurring Naphthopyrone-Macrolide Hybrids as Potent NLRP3 Inflammasome Inhibitors.

Numerous clinical disorders have been linked to the etiology of dysregulated NLRP3 (NACHT, LRR, and PYD domain-containing protein 3) inflammasome activation. Despite its potential as a pharmacological target, modulation of NLRP3 activity remains challenging. Only a sparse number of compounds have been reported that can modulate NLRP3 and none of them have been developed into a commercially available drug.

The Discovery of Acremochlorins O-R from an sp. through Integrated Genomic and Molecular Networking.

The fermentation of a soil-derived fungus sp. led to the isolation of thirteen ascochlorin congeners through integrated genomic and Global Natural Product Social (GNPS) molecular networking. Among the isolated compounds, we identified two unusual bicyclic types, acremochlorins O () and P (), as well as two linear types, acremochlorin Q () and R ().

Phenylhydrazone Alkaloids from the Deep-Sea Cold Seep Derived Fungus HDN21-0307.

Alkaloids with a phenylhydrazone architecture are rarely found in nature. Four unusual phenylhydrazone alkaloids named talarohydrazones A-D (-) were isolated from the deep-sea cold seep derived fungus HDN21-0307 using the one strain-many compounds (OSMAC) approach and MS/MS-based molecular networking (MN) combined with network annotation propagation (NAP) and the unsupervised substructure annotation method MS2LDA. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and quantum chemical calculations.

Antibacterial p-terphenyl and α‑pyrone derivates isolated from the marine-derived actinomycete Nocardiopsis sp. HDN154086.

Assisted by OSMAC strategy, one new p-terphenyl and two new α‑pyrone derivates, namely nocarterphenyl I (1) and nocardiopyrone D-E (2-3), were obtained and characterized from the marine sediment-derived actinomycete Nocardiopsis sp. HDN154086. The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of MS, NMR spectroscopic data and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

New cyclic dipeptide discovered from deep-sea derived sp. HDN20-1401.

A new alkaloid named aspergilalkaloid A () with pyridoindole hydroxymethyl piperazine dione structure along with six known compounds were isolated from deep-sea derived fungus sp. HDN20-1401. The structure including absolute configuration was elucidated by extensive NMR analyses, HRESIMS, ECD calculation, and theoretical NMR calculation with DP4+ analysis.

Filamentous Fungi-Derived Orsellinic Acid-Sesquiterpene Meroterpenoids: Fungal Sources, Chemical Structures, Bioactivities, and Biosynthesis.

Fungi-derived polyketide-terpenoid hybrids are important meroterpenoid natural products that possess diverse structure scaffolds with a broad spectrum of bioactivities. Herein, we focus on an ever-increasing group of meroterpenoids, orsellinic acid-sesquiterpene hybrids comprised of biosynthetic start unit orsellinic acid coupling to a farnesyl group or/and its modified cyclic products. The review entails the search of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and PubMed databases up to June 2022.

Overexpression of Global Regulator SCrp Leads to the Discovery of New Angucyclines in sp. XS-16.

Six angucyclines including three unreported compounds (-) were isolated from sp. XS-16 by overexpressing the native global regulator of SCrp (cyclic AMP receptor). The structures were characterized based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and spectrometry analysis and assisted by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations.

Microbial Dimerization and Chlorination of Isoflavones by a Takla Makan Desert-Derived sp. HDN154127.

Sixteen new biisoflavones, bisoflavolins A-N (-), were discovered from cultures of the Takla Makan desert-derived strain sp. HDN154127. The chemical structures, including axial chirality, were elucidated by NMR, MS, and ECD analyses.

Nonenzymatic Self-Assembly Access to Diverse -Quinone Methide-Based Pseudonatural Products.

A nonenzymatic self-assembly program was introduced to explore diverse clavatol-based pseudonatural products (PNPs) in a marine-derived fungus. Intermolecular couplings of the chemoreactive -quinone methide of clavatol with native acceptors led to 14 clavatol-based PNPs with five categories, and compounds , , -, and are new. In particular, and possessed an unprecedented oxa-angular tetracyclic scaffold with highly oxidized modification and exhibited cytotoxicity.

Enterotype-Specific Effect of Human Gut Microbiota on the Fermentation of Marine Algae Oligosaccharides: A Preliminary Proof-of-Concept In Vitro Study.

The human gut microbiota plays a critical role in the metabolism of dietary carbohydrates. Previous studies have illustrated that marine algae oligosaccharides could be utilized and readily fermented by human gut microbiota. However, the human gut microbiota is classified into three different enterotypes, and how this may affect the fermentation processes of marine algae oligosaccharides has not been studied.

Saliniquinone Derivatives, Saliniquinones G-I and Heraclemycin E, from the Marine Animal-Derived HDN19-252.

Four new anthraquinone derivatives, namely saliniquinones G-I (-) and heraclemycin E (), were obtained from the Antarctic marine-derived actinomycete HDN19-252, guided by the Global Natural Products Social (GNPS) molecular networking platform. Their structures, including absolute configurations, were elucidated by extensive NMR, MS, and ECD analyses. Compounds and showed promising inhibitory activity against six tested bacterial strains, including methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative (MRCNS), with MIC values ranging from 3.

New Glutamine-Containing Azaphilone Alkaloids from Deep-Sea-Derived Fungus HDN151398.

Three new azaphilone alkaloids containing glutamine residues, namely -glutarylchaetoviridins A-C (-), together with two related compounds ( and ) were isolated from the extract of HDN151398, a fungus isolated from a deep-sea sediment sample collected in South China Sea. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive 1D and 2D NMR as well as HRESIMS spectroscopic data and chemical analysis. -glutarylchaetoviridins A-C (-) represent the first class of chaetoviridins characterized by embedded glutamate residues.