Mobile air quality monitoring and comparison to fixed monitoring sites for instrument performance assessment.

Air pollution monitoring using mobile ground-based measurement platforms can provide high quality spatiotemporal air pollution information. As mobile air quality monitoring campaigns extend to entire fleets of vehicles and integrate smaller scale air quality sensors, it is important to address the need for assessing these measurements in a scalable manner. We explore collocation-based evaluation of air quality measurements in a mobile platform using fixed regulatory sites as a reference.

Incidence of stillbirth among women with different risk profiles in Stockholm 2001-2020: a repeated cross-sectional study.

Introduction: The incidence of stillbirth in Sweden has started to decline. However, some comparable high-income countries in Europe have an even lower incidence, indicating a potential for further reduction. The aim of our study was to investigate how the incidence of stillbirth for singleton pregnancies has changed over the past two decades in the Stockholm Region in different groups of women to detect the groups at highest risk.

Are COVID-Era General Surgery Interns Starting Residency Behind on Basic Surgical Skills?

Objective: To compare incoming general surgery interns' performance on a basic skills assessment before and after the COVID pandemic.

Design: A retrospective cohort study compared surgical skill performances of incoming general surgery interns. Each underwent an evidence-based standardized assessment (pretest) with 12-basic surgical knot tying and suturing tasks.

Radiography-An etymological and semantic concept analysis from the perspective of radiographic science.

Introduction: Concepts are cornerstones in science, and their determination is a prerequisite for understanding their substance and meaning. Radiography as a concept is not straightforward nor simple to understand, and there are different interpretations depending on the scientific perspective. To develop truthful knowledge of radiography from the perspective of the discipline, a determination of the subject and substance of radiography is required and thereby is a precursor for theory development.

Radiographers' perception of patient safety culture in radiology.

Introduction: Radiographers play a central role in patient safety because of their knowledge of and responsibilities in relation to the imaging process. To maintain safe care, the workplace must create a safety culture that enables sustainable safety work.

Aim: This study aims to describe radiographers' perceptions of the patient safety culture in radiology units in Sweden.

Discovery of associative patterns between workplace sound level and physiological wellbeing using wearable devices and empirical Bayes modeling.

We conducted a field study using multiple wearable devices on 231 federal office workers to assess the impact of the indoor environment on individual wellbeing. Past research has established that the workplace environment is closely tied to an individual's wellbeing. Since sound is the most-reported environmental factor causing stress and discomfort, we focus on quantifying its association with physiological wellbeing.

Radiographers' experience of preventing patient safety incidents in the context of radiological examinations.

Aim: To describe factors that prevent patient safety incidents in connection with the radiological examination from the radiographer's perspective.

Background: Radiology plays an important role in the care chain and involves diagnostic examinations and treatments using various radiation sources and different techniques. Risks for patient safety incidents exist in every phase of a radiological examination.

Local- and regional-scale racial and ethnic disparities in air pollution determined by long-term mobile monitoring.

Disparity in air pollution exposure arises from variation at multiple spatial scales: along urban-to-rural gradients, between individual cities within a metropolitan region, within individual neighborhoods, and between city blocks. Here, we improve on existing capabilities to systematically compare urban variation at several scales, from hyperlocal (<100 m) to regional (>10 km), and to assess consequences for outdoor air pollution experienced by residents of different races and ethnicities, by creating a set of uniquely extensive and high-resolution observations of spatially variable pollutants: NO, NO, black carbon (BC), and ultrafine particles (UFP). We conducted full-coverage monitoring of a wide sample of urban and suburban neighborhoods (93 km and 450,000 residents) in four counties of the San Francisco Bay Area using Google Street View cars equipped with the Aclima mobile platform.

Uncertainty in collocated mobile measurements of air quality.

Mobile mapping of air pollution has the potential to provide pollutant concentration data at unprecedented spatial scales. Characterizing instrument performance in the mobile context is challenging, but necessary to analyze and interpret the resulting data. We used robust statistical methods to assess mobile platform performance using data collected with the Aclima Inc.

Comparison of Mobile and Fixed-Site Black Carbon Measurements for High-Resolution Urban Pollution Mapping.

Urban concentrations of black carbon (BC) and other primary pollutants vary on small spatial scales (<100m). Mobile air pollution measurements can provide information on fine-scale spatial variation, thereby informing exposure assessment and mitigation efforts. However, the temporal sparsity of these measurements presents a challenge for estimating representative long-term concentrations.

Radiographers' academic development in Sweden: Towards and after a doctoral degree.

Introduction: Radiography is a young discipline and having radiographers with a doctoral degree is central for its development. Academic development of this field in Sweden has been evolving. This study explored the diagnostic radiographers' prerequisites for doctoral studies, post-doctoral employment and research activities.

Mobile-Platform Measurement of Air Pollutant Concentrations in California: Performance Assessment, Statistical Methods for Evaluating Spatial Variations, and Spatial Representativeness.

Mobile platform measurements provide new opportunities for characterizing spatial variations of air pollution within urban areas, identifying emission sources, and enhancing knowledge of atmospheric processes. The Aclima, Inc. mobile measurement and data acquisition platform was used to equip four Google Street View cars with research-grade instruments, two of which were available for the duration of this study.

Patients' lived experiences of waiting for and undergoing endovascular aortic repair in a hybrid operating room: A qualitative study.

Aims And Objectives: The overall aim of the study was to illuminate the patients' lived experiences of waiting for and undergoing an endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) in a hybrid operating room (OR).

Background: The hybrid OR is an example of the technological advancements within hospitals. The environmental impact on humans is well recognised but is rarely taken into account when hospitals are designed or rebuilt.

Radiographic research in Sweden - A review of dissertations.

Introduction: Radiographers have performed research since 1988 in Sweden. The amount of doctoral and licentiate dissertations written by registered diagnostic radiographers has increased considerably since 2000. How this new field of research was established and developed has facilitated understand of the boundaries that strengthen the professional evidence base.

Mapping Air Pollution with Google Street View Cars: Efficient Approaches with Mobile Monitoring and Land Use Regression.

Air pollution measurements collected through systematic mobile monitoring campaigns can provide outdoor concentration data at high spatial resolution. We explore approaches to minimize data requirements for mapping a city's air quality using mobile monitors with "data-only" versus predictive modeling approaches. We equipped two Google Street View cars with 1-Hz instruments to collect nitric oxide (NO) and black carbon (BC) measurements in Oakland, CA.

Radiographers' experience of risks for patient safety incidents in the radiology department.

Aims And Objectives: To describe potential risks for patient safety incidents in the radiology department from a radiographer's perspective.

Background: A radiology department is a high-tech environment with high communication activity between different healthcare systems in combination with a large patient flow. Risks for patient safety incidents exist in every phase of a radiological examination.

Effects of office workstation type on physical activity and stress.

Objective: Office environments have been causally linked to workplace-related illnesses and stress, yet little is known about how office workstation type is linked to objective metrics of physical activity and stress. We aimed to explore these associations among office workers in US federal office buildings.

Methods: We conducted a wearable, sensor-based, observational study of 231 workers in four office buildings.

Why do women refrain from mammography screening?

Introduction: Breast cancer is the leading cause of death for middle-aged women in Sweden. Approximately 600,000 women are surveyed annually within the national screening program. However, 20% of Swedish women do not participate in mammography screening.

Professional development for radiographers and post graduate nurses in radiological interventions: Building teamwork and collaboration through drama.

Introduction: The rapid development within Interventional Radiology presents new challenges. Hybrid operating rooms consist of interventional radiology, open surgery, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and other techniques. This means that several disciplines and professionals need to work in new constellations creating a multidisciplinary team around the patient.

Trends that have influenced the Swedish radiography profession over the last four decades.

Introduction: The expansion of the radiography profession in recent decades has widened the scope of radiographic practice. This has raised questions about which trends have had an impact on the profession over the years. The study aim was to explore trends that have influenced the radiography profession over the last four decades.

High-Resolution Air Pollution Mapping with Google Street View Cars: Exploiting Big Data.

Air pollution affects billions of people worldwide, yet ambient pollution measurements are limited for much of the world. Urban air pollution concentrations vary sharply over short distances (≪1 km) owing to unevenly distributed emission sources, dilution, and physicochemical transformations. Accordingly, even where present, conventional fixed-site pollution monitoring methods lack the spatial resolution needed to characterize heterogeneous human exposures and localized pollution hotspots.

Particle Deposition onto People in a Transit Venue.

Following the release of an aerosolized biological agent in a transit venue, material deposited on waiting passengers and subsequently shed from their clothing may significantly magnify the scope and consequences of such an attack. Published estimates of the relevant particle deposition and resuspension parameters for complex indoor environments such as a transit facility are nonexistent. In this study, measurements of particle deposition velocity onto cotton fabric samples affixed to stationary and walking people in a large multimodal transit facility were obtained for tracer particle releases carried out as part of a larger study of subway airflows and particulate transport.

Expanding the first link in the chain of survival - Experiences from dispatcher referral of callers to AED locations.

Introduction: Early use of automated external defibrillators (AED) increases survival in cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Dispatchers play important roles in identifying OHCA, dispatching ambulances and providing callers with telephone-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Guidelines recommend that AED registries be linked to dispatch centres as tools to refer callers to nearby AED.

Toward refined estimates of ambient PM exposure: Evaluation of a physical outdoor-to-indoor transport model.

Because people spend the majority of their time indoors, the variable efficiency with which ambient PM penetrates and persists indoors is a source of error in epidemiologic studies that use PM concentrations measured at central-site monitors as surrogates for ambient PM exposure. To reduce this error, practical methods to model indoor concentrations of ambient PM are needed. Toward this goal, we evaluated and refined an outdoor-to-indoor transport model using measured indoor and outdoor PM species concentrations and air exchange rates from the Relationships of Indoor, Outdoor, and Personal Air Study.