Immunohistochemical study of cutaneous nerves in the emu.

The distribution and chemical content of cutaneous nerves in 3- to 13-day-old emu chicks (Dromaius novaehollandiae) were examined by using double-labelling immunohistochemistry. Seven different subpopulations of cutaneous nerves were identified based on their neurochemistry. No intraepidermal nerve fibres were found.

Substance P immunoreactive nerve fibres in the domestic chick ankle joint before and after acute urate arthritis.

Substance P immunoreactive (SP-IR) nerve fibres were identified using fluorescence immunohistochemistry and the length of the labelled individual nerve fibres was measured using confocal microscopy of whole mounts of the lateral wall of the ankle joint in 2-week-old domestic chicks. In the normal ankle there was an extensive network of SP-IR fibres in the synovial and subsynovial tissue of the joint capsule. Fours hours after injection of sodium urate into the joint space the joint was inflamed and there was a significant reduction in the labelled nerve fibres.

Effect of pre-incubation storage conditions on hatchability, chick weight at hatch and hatching time in broiler breeders.

1. Eggs were stored for two different times at varying temperatures. The effects on hatchability, chick weight at hatch and hatching time were examined in two broiler breeder lines from 33 to 58 weeks of age.

Ultrastructural analysis of the eggshell: contribution of the individual calcified layers and the cuticle to hatchability and egg viability in broiler breeders.

1. Scanning electron microscopy was used to assess the relationship between the layers of the eggshell and egg viability. The relative thickness (absolute and %) of the mammillary, palisade, vertical crystal and cuticle layers relative to the total eggshell were measured over a 30-week laying period in 2 broiler breeder lines having different hatchability rates.

Electrical characteristics and responses to jejunal distension of neurons in Remak's juxta-jejunal ganglia of the domestic fowl.

1. Remak's nerve is a ganglionated nerve trunk found only in birds that runs parallel to the gut from the duodenal-jejunal junction to the cloaca. We report the first electrophysiological characterization of these neurons and their responses to gut distension.

The absence of neuromas in beaks of adult hens after conservative trimming at hatch.

Objective: To determine the effects of the amount of break removed and cauterisation time on neuroma formation in hens.

Design: A pathology study with controls.

Animals: Twenty domestic fowl were beak-trimmed.

Morphology and projections of neurons in Remak's nerve of the domestic fowl revealed by intracellular injection of biocytin.

Micro-injections of biocytin were made into neurons in whole-mount preparations of Remak's nerve of the domestic fowl to visualise the morphology and projections of Remak's neurons. Remak's neurons were classified into four distinct morphological types. Remak type-I and -II neurons had a morphology resembling that of mammalian sympathetic neurons.

Calbindin, tyrosine hydroxylase and opioid-like immunoreactivity in the intestinal nerve of Remak of the domestic fowl.

Four classes of neurons were identified in both juxta-jejunal and juxta-rectal ganglia of Remak's nerve of the domestic fowl using double-labeling immunohistochemistry. Neurons immunoreactive (IR) for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) formed a mutually exclusive subpopulation from neurons displaying calbindin (CaBP)-IR. Between 48-72% of juxta-jejunal neurons labeled for TH whereas 36-57% of juxta-rectal neurons displayed TH-IR.

The pathology of halothane hepatotoxicity in a guinea-pig model: a comparison with human halothane hepatitis.

The pathology of halothane hepatotoxicity is described in detail in a guinea-pig model. Twenty-two of 40 guinea-pigs developed liver damage after exposure to 1% halothane in 21% O2 for 4 h. The other 18 animals showed no evidence of hepatic injury.

Calbindin immunoreactivity in the neurons of the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion of the domestic fowl.

The distribution of the vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein, calbindin, was mapped in the brachial spinal cord and in the 15th dorsal root ganglion of the domestic fowl, using fluorescence immunohistochemistry. Cell somata of the dorsal root ganglion ranged in area from 200 microns 2 to 2000 microns 2. Sixteen percent of cell bodies displayed calbindin immunoreactivity.

A randomized prospective controlled study of the metabolism and hepatotoxicity of halothane in humans.

In a randomized prospective controlled study in humans, the metabolism and hepatic effects of a single administration of halothane were compared with enflurane and meperidine. Pre- and postoperative antipyrine pharmacokinetics, intraoperative indocyanine green clearance, liver histology, and postoperative liver function tests were determined in 24 patients undergoing abdominal surgery who were randomly allocated to receive either halothane (0.5%, group I), enflurane (0.

Genetic predisposition to liver damage after halothane anesthesia in guinea pigs.

Three 4-hr normoxic (21% oxygen) exposures to 1% halothane administered 3 days apart were associated with elevations in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity in four of 20 guinea pigs after the initial and third exposures. Serum alanine aminotransferase values were not measured after the second anesthetic. Susceptibility was defined as an ALT level greater than 300 IU/L after halothane.

Guinea-pig model of halothane-associated hepatotoxicity in the absence of enzyme induction and hypoxia.

Halothane anesthesia (1%) administered in 21% oxygen for 4 hr to an outbred strain of guinea pig in the absence of enzyme induction resulted in liver damage in 40 of the 65 animals studied. Necrosis was either confluent around the central veins or in scattered foci throughout the lobules. Damage was present on the second and third days after anesthesia.

Alterations in microvilli of uterine epithelial cells after colchicine treatment.

Colchicine has been injected intra-peritoneally to pregnant rats to determine the effect of this drug on the microvilli of uterine luminal epithelial cells. Microvilli in control animals (saline injected) were 0.51 +/- 0.

Pericytes in the stroma of the rat uterus.

After ovariectomy and 3 daily injections of progesterone plus one of oestradiol-17 beta, 69% of stromal capillaries of the rat uterus became sheathed with pericytes. On Day 5 of pregnancy the value was 74% but at other times (Days 4 and 6) and with progesterone-only or not treatment less than 15% of capillaries were associated with pericytes. This period of pericyte presence coincides with the time when implantation is possible.