Assessing Itch Severity: Content Validity and Psychometric Properties of a Patient-Reported Pruritus Numeric Rating Scale in Atopic Dermatitis.

Background: Pruritus, or itch, is a key symptom of atopic dermatitis (AD); as such, mitigating itch is an important outcome of AD treatment. This study explored the content validity and measurement properties of the Pruritus Numeric Rating Scale (Pruritus NRS), a novel single-item scale for assessing itch severity in clinical trials of AD treatments.

Methods: In this mixed-methods study, qualitative interviews were conducted with 21 people with moderate-to-severe AD (n = 15 adult, n = 6 adolescent) to develop a conceptual model of the patient experience in AD and explore the content validity of the Pruritus NRS.

[Synergistic Benefits of Pollution and Carbon Reduction from Air Pollution Control in Hebei Province from 2013 to 2020].

Recently, China has been facing the dual challenges of air pollution control and carbon emission reduction. Pollution and carbon reduction have become a breakthrough point for green socio-economic transformation. Air pollutant and CO emission inventories provide a tool for monitoring pollution and carbon reduction; however, there have been some problems in previous studies, including incomplete species coverage, different source classifications, and narrow time scales.

Evaluating vehicular exhaust and evaporative emissions via VOC measurement in an underground parking garage.

Vehicular emissions, including both tailpipe exhaust and evaporative emissions, are major anthropogenic sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in urban cities. Current knowledge on vehicle tailpipe and evaporative emissions was mainly obtained via laboratory tests on very few vehicles under experimental conditions. Information on fleet gasoline vehicles emission features under real-world conditions is lacking.

COVID-19 pandemic-related depression and anxiety under lockdown: The chain mediating effect of self-efficacy and perceived stress.

Objective: In early March 2022, the highly contagious Omicron variant rapidly emerged in Shanghai. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and associated factors of depression and anxiety in isolated or quarantined populations under lockdown.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between May 12 and 25, 2022.

Robust analyses for radiographic progression in rheumatoid arthritis.

Demonstrating inhibition of the structural damage to joints as a statistically significant difference in radiographic progression as measured by the van der Heijde modified Total Sharp Score (mTSS) is a common objective in trials for rheumatoid arthritis treatments. The frequently used analysis of the covariance model with missing data imputed using linear extrapolation (analyses of covariance, ANCOVA+LE) may not be ideal for long-term extension studies or for paediatric studies. The random coefficient (RC) model may represent a better alternative.

One-quarter of COVID-19 patients developed PTSD symptoms: A one-year longitudinal study.

This study investigated the longitudinal development of PTSD symptoms and respiratory sequelae among COVID-19 patients one year after hospital discharge. The cumulative occurrence of probable PTSD in COVID-19 survivors (n = 329) was 26.7%, which significantly decreased over the 12-month period (23.

[Evolution and Characteristics of Full-process Vehicular VOCs Emissions in Tianjin from 2000 to 2020].

Vehicle emissions are an important source of anthropogenic volatile organic compound (VOCs) emissions in urban areas and are commonly quantified using vehicle emission inventories. However, most previous studies on vehicle emission inventories have incomplete emission factors and emission processes or insufficient consideration of meteorological parameters. Based on the localized full-process emission factors attained from tested data and previous studies, a method to develop a monthly vehicular VOC emission inventory of full process for the long-term was established, which covered exhaust and evaporative emissions (including running loss, diurnal breathing loss, hot soak loss, and refueling emission).

[Railway Emission Trends in China Based on Fuel Life Cycle Analysis].

Railway transportation is one of the main modes of modern transportation. Under the dual constraints of air quality improvement and carbon neutrality achievement, clarifying the emission trend of CO and pollutants in railway transportation is of great significance for pollution and carbon reduction in the transport sector. In this study, the CO and pollutant emission characteristics of Chinese railways from 2001 to 2018 were analyzed based on the fuel life cycle method.

Maintained improvement in physician- and patient-reported outcomes with baricitinib in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis who were treated for up to 104 weeks in a randomized trial.

Background: Patients who completed the originating studies, BREEZE-AD1 (NCT03334396), BREEZE-AD2(NCT03334422), and BREEZE-AD7 (NCT03733301), were eligible for enrollment in the multicenter,phase-3, long-term extension study BREEZE-AD3 (NCT03334435).

Methods: At week 52, responders and partial responders to baricitinib 4 mg were re-randomized (1:1) into the sub-study to dose continuation (4 mg, N = 84), or dose down-titration (2 mg, N = 84). Maintenance of response was assessed from week 52 to 104 of BREEZE-AD3.

Efficacy of downtitration or treatment withdrawal compared with continuous dosing after successful treatment with baricitinib in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in a randomized substudy from the long-term extension study BREEZE-AD3.

Background: Baricitinib, an oral, selective Janus kinase 1/2 inhibitor, demonstrated long-term efficacy in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in an ongoing double-blind, phase III, long-term extension study, BREEZE-AD3 (NCT03334435).

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of downtitration and treatment withdrawal in a substudy of BREEZE-AD3.

Methods: The substudy included patients (N = 526) treated with baricitinib 4 mg or 2 mg at entry into BREEZE-AD3 who achieved a validated Investigator Global Assessment for Atopic Dermatitis (vIGA-AD®) scale score of 0 (clear), 1 (almost clear) or 2 (mild) at week 52.

Patient Disease Trajectories in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Treated with Baricitinib 4-mg in Four Phase 3 Clinical Studies.

Introduction: We sought to identify and compare treatment response groups based on individual patient responses (rather than group mean response) over time on the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), in patients treated with baricitinib 4-mg in 4 phase 3 studies.

Methods: Trajectory subgroups were identified within each study using growth mixture modeling. Following grouping, baseline characteristics and disease measures were summarized and compared.

Improvements in itch and sleep following treatment with baricitinib in combination with topical corticosteroids are associated with better quality of life and productivity in adult patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a post hoc analysis from BREEZE-AD7.

Background: Treatment with baricitinib in combination with topical corticosteroids previously showed greater improvements in itch and sleep versus placebo in adults with moderate-to-severe AD.

Objectives: To assess whether improvements in itch and sleep translate to greater quality of life (QoL), productivity and treatment benefit in AD.

Materials & Methods: In this post hoc analysis with data from BREEZE-AD7 (NCT03733301), itch and sleep improvements at Week 16 were defined by ≥4-point improvements in the Itch Numeric Rating Scale and ≥1.

The Validated Investigator Global Assessment for Atopic Dermatitis (vIGA-AD™): a clinical outcome measure for the severity of atopic dermatitis.

Background: The validated Investigator Global Assessment for Atopic Dermatitis (vIGA-AD™) is a standardized severity assessment for use in clinical trials and registries for atopic dermatitis (AD).

Objectives: To investigate the reliability, validity, responsiveness and within-patient meaningful change of the vIGA-AD.

Methods: Data were analysed from adult patients with moderate-to-severe AD in the BREEZE-AD1 (N = 624 patients; NCT03334396), BREEZE-AD2 (N = 615; NCT03334422) and BREEZE-AD5 (N = 440; NCT03435081) phase III baricitinib clinical studies.

PTSD Among Shidu Parents in China: The Roles of Personality Types and Social Support.

: The psychological problems of Shidu Parents (SDP) under the China's One-Child Policy have been documented. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among personality types, social support, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in SDP. : The PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C), The Big Five Personality Traits (NEO), and Social Support Revalued Scale (SSRS) were administered to the sample of 149 SDP who were over 50 years old and had lost their only child more than one year ago.

A fusion learning method to subgroup analysis of Alzheimer's disease.

Uncovering the heterogeneity in the disease progression of Alzheimer's is a key factor to disease understanding and treatment development, so that interventions can be tailored to target the subgroups that will benefit most from the treatment, which is an important goal of precision medicine. However, in practice, one top methodological challenge hindering the heterogeneity investigation is that the true subgroup membership of each individual is often unknown. In this article, we aim to identify latent subgroups of individuals who share a common disorder progress over time, to predict latent subgroup memberships, and to estimate and infer the heterogeneous trajectories among the subgroups.

The Hidden Factors Affecting Academic Performance Among Chinese Middle School Students: Traumatic Experience and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms.

Background And Purpose: The role of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the path from traumatic exposure (TE) to academic performance (AP) is still not explicitly illustrated. The current study aimed to examine the moderator role of PTSD on the relationship between TE and AP, and then to investigate whether this moderator role is influenced by gender.

Participants And Methods: A sample of Chinese students (=235) who had experienced the major earthquake of Wenchuan was chosen.