Fetal Hemoglobin Decrease During Voxelotor Treatment.

Voxelotor modifies hemoglobin-oxygen affinity improving anemia and reducing hemolysis in sickle cell patients. However, the impact of Voxelotor on fetal hemoglobin (HbF) levels is unknown. We describe here variations of percentage of HbF measured by high performance liquid chromatography and mean corpuscular fetal Hb in a cohort of sickle cell patients treated with Voxelotor at Henri Mondor Sickle Cell Referral Center.

An Evaluation of Amoxicillin/Clavulanate Stability in Aqueous Systems, Including Its Suitability for Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy (OPAT).

Purpose: Amoxicillin/clavulanate antibiotic combination is suitable for treating a range of infections, including some suited for Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy (OPAT). The aim of the study was to evaluate shelf-life values of amoxicillin at clinical concentrations in the presence of clavulanate for use in OPAT.

Methods: A stability-indicating HPLC assay was developed and validated.

Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationship Analysis of 2-Substituted-1,2,4-Triazolo[1,5-a]Pyrimidin-7-Ones and their 6-Carboxylate Derivatives as Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors.

Hyperuricemia is characterised by high blood levels of uric acid, and it can degenerate into gout when monosodium urate crystals precipitate in joints and other tissues. Uric acid is produced during the catabolism of xanthine by the enzyme xanthine oxidase (XO), which is the primary therapeutic target in gout treatment. Current XO inhibitors approved to treat gout, such as allopurinol and febuxostat, suffer from serious adverse effects, creating the need for new drug molecules.

Age and environment are the main drivers shaping the wild common sole (Solea solea) microbiota.

Microbiota plays an essential role in fish growth and health and may be influenced by the changing environmental conditions. Here, we explored the microbiota of wild common sole, one of the most important fishery resources in the Mediterranean Sea, collected from different areas in the North Adriatic Sea. Our results show that the sole microbiota differs from that of the surrounding environment and among the different body sites (gill, skin and gut).

Fentanyl harm reduction strategies among Latinx communities in the United States: a scoping review.

Purpose: Fueled by the prescription opioid overdose crisis and increased influx of illicitly manufactured fentanyl, fentanyl overdoses continue to be a public health crisis that has cost the US economy over $1 trillion in reduced productivity, health care, family assistance, criminal justice, and accounted for over 74,000 deaths in 2023. A recent demographic shift in the opioid crisis has led to a rise in overdose deaths among the Latinx population. Harm reduction interventions, including the use of naloxone and fentanyl test strips, have been shown to be effective measures at reducing the number of opioid overdose deaths.

Amelioration of Photoreceptor Degeneration by Intravitreal Transplantation of Retinal Progenitor Cells in Rats.

Photoreceptor degeneration is a major cause of untreatable blindness worldwide and has recently been targeted by emerging technologies, including cell- and gene-based therapies. Cell types of neural lineage have shown promise for replacing either photoreceptors or retinal pigment epithelial cells following delivery to the subretinal space, while cells of bone marrow lineage have been tested for retinal trophic effects following delivery to the vitreous cavity. Here we explore an alternate approach in which cells from the immature neural retinal are delivered to the vitreous cavity with the goal of providing trophic support for degenerating photoreceptors.

Atrial arrhythmia in adults with sickle cell anemia: a missing link toward understanding and preventing strokes.

Although patients with homozygous sickle cell anemia (SCA) carry both significant left atrial (LA) remodeling and an increased risk of stroke, the prevalence of atrial arrhythmia (AA) has never been prospectively evaluated. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence and predictors of atrial arrhythmia in SCA. From 2018 to 2022, consecutive adult patients with SCA were included in the DREPACOEUR prospective registry and referred to the physiology department for cardiac evaluation, including a 24-hour electrocardiogram monitoring (ECG-Holter).

Increasing trends in faecal pollution revealed over a decade in the central Adriatic Sea (Italy).

Faecal contamination of the coastal sea poses widespread hazard to human and environmental health and is predicted to rise in response to global change and human pressure. For better management and risk reduction it is thus imperative to clarify and predict trends of faecal pollution over spatial and temporal scales, and to assess links with climate and other variables. Here, we investigated the spatio-temporal variation in the Faecal Indicator Bacteria (FIB) Escherichia coli and enterococci, over a time frame spanning 11 years (2011-2021) along a coastal area covering approximately 40 km and 59 bathing sites in the Marche region (Adriatic Sea, Italy), characterized by intense beach tourism, high riverine inputs, resident population, maritime traffic and industrial activities.

Real-World Use and Treatment Outcomes of Ceftaroline Fosamil in Patients with Complicated Skin and Soft Tissue Infection: A Multinational Retrospective Study.

Background: Ceftaroline fosamil is approved for the treatment of complicated skin and soft tissue infections (cSSTI) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP); however, data on its real-world use and effectiveness in Europe and Latin America are currently limited. This retrospective observational study assessed ceftaroline fosamil use and treatment outcomes in adults hospitalized with cSSTI or CAP treated with ceftaroline fosamil in a usual care setting in Europe and Latin America. Results for patients with cSSTI are reported.

Clinical Outcomes of a Toric Enhanced Depth-of-Focus Intraocular Lens Based on the Combination of 4th- and 6th-Order Spherical Aberration.

Purpose: To assess the visual and refractive outcomes of patients implanted with a toric extended depth-of-focus (EDOF) intraocular lens (IOL) following cataract surgery.

Methods: A total of 44 eyes implanted with the EDOF LuxSmart toric IOL were evaluated 4 to 6 months postoperatively. The main outcomes measurements evaluated were refractive error, rotational stability, distance, intermediate, and near visual acuities, defocus curve, photopic and mesopic contrast sensitivity, wavefront aberrations, and modulation transfer function, and the Catquest-9SF-questionnaire.

Ceftaroline fosamil treatment patterns and outcomes in adults with community-acquired pneumonia: a real-world multinational, retrospective study.

Background: This multicentre, observational, retrospective chart review study assessed ceftaroline fosamil treatment patterns and outcomes in adults hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in usual care settings.

Methods: Anonymized patient data were extracted from hospital records of adults with CAP who received ≥4 consecutive IV ceftaroline fosamil doses at sites in Brazil, Colombia, France, Greece, Italy, Russia and Spain.

Results: The dataset included 185 patients (58.

Cardiac diastolic maladaptation is associated with the severity of exercise intolerance in sickle cell anemia patients.

This pilot study focusing on Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA) patients offers a comprehensive and integrative evaluation of respiratory, cardiovascular, hemodynamic, and metabolic variables during exercise. Knowing that diastolic dysfunction is frequent in this population, we hypothesize that a lack of cardiac adaptation through exercise might lead to premature increase in blood lactate concentrations in SCA patients, a potential trigger for acute disease complication. SCA patients were prospectively included in PHYSIO-EXDRE study and underwent a comprehensive stress test with a standardized incremental exercise protocol up to 4 mmol L blood lactate concentration (BL4).

The therapeutic potential of probucol and probucol analogues in neurodegenerative diseases.

Neurodegenerative disorders present complex pathologies characterized by various interconnected factors, including the aggregation of misfolded proteins, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and compromised blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. Addressing such multifaceted pathways necessitates the development of multi-target therapeutic strategies. Emerging research indicates that probucol, a historic lipid-lowering medication, offers substantial potential in the realm of neurodegenerative disease prevention and treatment.

Towards the Future of Public Health: Roadmapping Trends and Scenarios in the Post-COVID Healthcare Era.

The COVID-19 pandemic, a transformative event in modern society, has disrupted routine, work, behavior, and human relationships. Organizations, amidst the chaos, have innovatively adapted to the evolving situation. However, many countries were unprepared for the magnitude of the challenge, revealing the fragility of health responses due to inadequate leadership, insufficient resources, and poor information system integration.

Interprofessional relationships and their impact on resident hospitalizations in nursing homes: A qualitative study.

Aim: The aim of this study is to explore experiences and perspectives of nurses and providers (e.g., physicians, medical directors, fellows, and nurse practitioners) on reducing preventable hospitalizations of nursing home (NH) residents in relation to interprofessional relationship and hospitalization decision-making process.

Systemic and local inflammatory response after implantation of biomaterial in critical bone injuries.

Purpose: To evaluate inflammatory response in critical bone injuries after implantation of the biomaterial composed of hydroxyapatite (HA)/poly (lactic-coglycolic acid) (PLGA)/BLEED.

Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar rats (280 ± 20 grams) were divided into two groups: control group (CG), in which the animals do not receive any type of treatment; and biomaterial group (BG), in which the animals received the HA/PLGA/BLEED scaffold. Critical bone injury was induced in the medial region of the skull calotte with the aid of a trephine drill 8 mm in diameter.

Evaluation of a prophylactic transfusion program on obstetric outcomes in pregnant women with sickle cell disease: A single centre retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of a prophylactic transfusion program (TP) on obstetric and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with sickle cell disease (SCD).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included all singleton pregnancies among women with SCD in a French university tertiary care center between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2017. The TP group included patients selected according to the French guidelines who received regular red blood cell transfusions during pregnancy until delivery.

Identification of Marine Biotechnology Value Chains with High Potential in the Northern Mediterranean Region.

Marine (blue) biotechnology is an emerging field enabling the valorization of new products and processes with massive potential for innovation and economic growth. In the Mediterranean region, this innovation potential is not exploited as well as in other European regions due to a lack of a clear identification of the different value chains and the high fragmentation of business innovation initiatives. As a result, several opportunities to create an innovative society are being missed.

[Impact of voxelotor on hemoglobin electrophoretic and chromatographic profiles].

Voxelotor (GBT440, OXBRYTA®) appeared recently as one of the possible treatments for sickle cell disease. This molecule, by binding the alpha globin of hemoglobin, causes hyperaffinity of the latter for oxygen and reduces its polymerization properties. Several therapeutic trials have been able to show its effectiveness on certain aspects of sickle cell disease; thus, the french HAS (High Authority of Health) college issued an early access authorization and, since 2021, this treatment can be offered to patients under a temporary authorization for use.

Three-Dimensional Ultrastructure of the Normal Rod Photoreceptor Synapse and Degenerative Changes Induced by Retinal Detachment.

The rod photoreceptor synapse is the first synapse of dim-light vision and one of the most complex in the mammalian CNS. The components of its unique structure, a presynaptic ribbon and a single synaptic invagination enclosing several postsynaptic processes, have been identified, but disagreements about their organization remain. Here, we have used EM tomography to generate high-resolution images of 3-D volumes of the rod synapse from the female domestic cat.

Integrating culture-based and molecular methods provides an improved assessment of microbial quality in a coastal lagoon.

Faecal pollution in aquatic environments is a worldwide public health concern, yet the reliability and comprehensiveness of the methods used to assess faecal contamination are still debated. We compared three approaches, namely a culture-based method to enumerate Faecal Indicator Bacteria (FIB), a FIB-targeting qPCR assay, and High-Throughput Sequencing (HTS) to detect faeces- and sewage-associated taxa in water and sediment samples of an impacted model lagoon and its adjacent sea across one year. Despite at different levels, all approaches agreed in showing a higher contamination in the lagoon than in the sea, and higher in sediments than water.

BinBench: a benchmark for x64 portable operating system interface binary function representations.

In this article we propose the first multi-task benchmark for evaluating the performances of machine learning models that work on low level assembly functions. While the use of multi-task benchmark is a standard in the natural language processing (NLP) field, such practice is unknown in the field of assembly language processing. However, in the latest years there has been a strong push in the use of deep neural networks architectures borrowed from NLP to solve problems on assembly code.