Change in parental knowledge and beliefs about early childhood dental caries following a pragmatic community-based trial.

Objectives: To evaluate parent knowledge and belief changes following the MySmileBuddy (MSB) early childhood caries (ECC) intervention.

Methods: Pre- and post-intervention surveys were completed by 669 parents of children with visually-evident ECC from among 977 participants in a 6-12-month pragmatic community-based caries management trial administered by community health workers (CHWs). Six domains of knowledge about caries and motivating and facilitating determinants were assessed via 26 survey items.

Behavioral Outcomes of a Pragmatic Early Childhood Caries Management Trial.

Objectives: To evaluate a preventative behavioral intervention for managing early childhood caries (ECC) in a cohort of high-risk children.

Methods: This pragmatic trial of the MySmileBuddy Program (MSB) evaluated preventive behavioral outcomes in a 1-y community health worker-delivered intervention to prevent ECC progression. Pre-/postintervention surveys assessed parent-reported child engagement in therapeutic toothbrushing (i.

Emergency dental treatment among patients waitlisted for the operating room.

This restrospective chart review examined dental emergencies among patients waitlisted for the operating room at an outpatient community dental clinic in a large academic medical center. Dental records of ASA I or II patients, who had dental restorations and/or extractions in the operating room between July 2015 to May 2019 were reviewed. Length of time the patient was waitlisted and number of emergency dental treatments (, therapeutic pulpotomy or a dental extraction due to acute dental pain or infection) completed in the outpatient dental clinic during the wait period were collected.

Mallampati and Brodsky Classification and Children's Risk for Sleep Related Breathing Disorder.

Objective: To evaluate associations between Mallampati and Brodsky classification and children's risk for sleep related breathing disorder (SRBD).

Study Design: This study recruited well-children 2-11 years old and legal guardians over 18 years from a community dental clinic. Modified Mallampati classification (IIV) and Brodsky grade (0-4) were classified by a single dentist.

Protocol for a family-centered behavioral intervention to reduce early childhood caries: the MySmileBuddy program efficacy trial.

Background: Although largely preventable through diet management and topical fluoride use, early childhood caries (ECC) often progresses to severity that necessitates surgical repair. Yet repair often fails to mitigate caries progression. Needed is an effective behavioral intervention to address underlying behavioral causes.

Flipping a biochemistry class within a medical curriculum: Impacts on perception, engagement, and attainment.

The flipped classroom has gained prominence in higher education, but little has been written about its application in the Middle East. This study aimed to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and impact of flipping biochemistry classes in comparison to the traditional didactic program. The study was conducted on first-year medical students taking biochemistry at a private University in Saudi Arabia.

Medicaid Dental Provider Enrollment Processes: National Assessment and Policy Recommendations.

This study assessed state Medicaid dentist enrollment processes and identified best practices for state authorities. A 2018 search of state government websites identified entities involved in enrolling and credentialing dentists. States were classified according to their administrative approach.

Assessment of New York Primary Care Physicians' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Fluoride Varnish in an Urban Medical-Setting.

Objective: To determine changes in knowledge, attitudes, and practices of primary care physicians (PCPs) regarding fluoride varnish (FV).

Study Design: Fifty-four PCPs at an urban medical center in New York completed a pre-intervention survey. A pediatric dental resident provided an hour-long educational lecture and a hands-on demonstration regarding FV application.

Occupational therapy consensus recommendations for functional neurological disorder.

Background: People with functional neurological disorder (FND) are commonly seen by occupational therapists; however, there are limited descriptions in the literature about the type of interventions that are likely to be helpful. This document aims to address this issue by providing consensus recommendations for occupational therapy assessment and intervention.

Methods: The recommendations were developed in four stages.

COVID-19 - the ultimate disruptor?

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has influenced undergraduate medical education in various ways already.

Feasibility, Acceptability, and Short-term Behavioral Impact of the MySmileBuddy Intervention for Early Childhood Caries.

Objectives: To evaluate acceptability, feasibility, and short-term behavioral impact of an early childhood caries (ECC) intervention.

Methods: Predominantly low-income Hispanic parent/child (2-6 years) dyads attending a busy pediatric dental clinic in New York City completed a single administration of the iPad-based technology-assisted education, goal-setting, and behavior change MySmileBuddy program. Self-reported behavior change was assessed via telephone survey one month post-intervention.

Changes in knowledge and beliefs of community health workers following an oral health intervention training program.

Greater acknowledgement of the ways in which social determinants influence health has led to increased engagement of Community Health Workers (CHWs) in health promotion activities. This study sought to evaluate changes in CHW knowledge and beliefs via pre-/post-training surveys immediately following a four-day (∼20 hour) oral health intervention training and to gather CHW feedback on training. Significant increases in summary scores for 19 knowledge (t(9) = -6.

Severity and threshold of peanut reactivity during hospital-based open oral food challenges: An international multicenter survey.

Background: Peanut allergy is classically managed by food avoidance. Immunotherapy programs are available at some academic centers for selected patients reacting to small amounts of peanut during food challenge. We aimed to determine and compare reaction thresholds and prevalence of anaphylaxis during peanut oral challenges at multiple specialist allergy centers.

Characteristics and Associated Comorbidities of Pediatric Dental Patients Treated under General Anesthesia.

Objective: To describe characteristics and identify common comorbidities of children receiving dental treatment under general anesthesia at Children's Hospital of New York-Presbyterian.

Study Design: Electronic medical records of all children that received dental treatment under general anesthesia through the Division of Pediatric Dentistry from 2012-2014 were reviewed. Data describing patient characteristics (age, sex, race/ethnicity, insurance carrier, and American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification system), medical history, and justification for treatment were collected.

Building a Pediatric Oral Health Training Curriculum for Community Health Workers.

Objectives: Community health workers (CHWs) are a promising approach to oral health promotion in high-risk populations. This article describes the process of creating a pediatric oral health CHW training curriculum.

Design: Existing curricula were identified through outreach efforts to experts in the oral health and CHW fields, as well as PubMed and Google searches.

Physiotherapy for functional motor disorders: a consensus recommendation.

Background: Patients with functional motor disorder (FMD) including weakness and paralysis are commonly referred to physiotherapists. There is growing evidence that physiotherapy is an effective treatment, but the existing literature has limited explanations of what physiotherapy should consist of and there are insufficient data to produce evidence-based guidelines. We aim to address this issue by presenting recommendations for physiotherapy treatment.

How we developed eForms: an electronic form and data capture tool to support assessment in mobile medical education.

Mobile learning technologies are being introduced and adopted by an increasing number of medical schools. Following the implementation of these devices, institutions are tasked with the challenge of their integration into curriculum delivery and presented with the opportunity to facilitate data collection from large student cohorts. Since 2011, Manchester Medical School (MMS) has undertaken the largest deployment of iPads within UK Higher Education.

Attitudes to pre-employment competency screening.

Background: Pre-employment competency screening (PECS) has been introduced in some regions in the UK for foundation applicants. There is no consensus on how the process should be run, and this has led to a variety of methods used between and within deaneries. This study aims to look at the acceptability and, in part, the educational impact of PECS in the North Western Foundation School.

Foundation observation of teaching project--a developmental model of peer observation of teaching.

Introduction: Peer observation of teaching is important in the development of educators. The foundation curriculum specifies teaching competencies that must be attained. We created a developmental model of peer observation of teaching to help our foundation doctors achieve these competencies and develop as educators.

Mood assessment via animated characters: a novel instrument to evaluate feelings in young children with anxiety disorders.

We evaluated a novel, computerized feelings assessment instrument (MAAC) in 54 children with anxiety disorders and 35 nonanxious children ages 5 to 11. They rated their feelings relative to 16 feeling animations. Ratings of feelings, order of feeling selection, and correlations with standardized anxiety measures were examined.

One-hit stochastic decline in a mechanochemical model of cytoskeleton-induced neuron death III: diffusion pulse death zones.

This is the third of three papers in which we study a mathematical model of cytoskeleton-induced neuron death. In the first two papers of this suite [Lomasko, T., Clarke, G.

One-hit stochastic decline in a mechanochemical model of cytoskeleton-induced neuron death II: transition state metastability.

This is the second of two papers in which we study a mathematical model of cytoskeleton-induced neuron death. Recent evidence indicates that aggravated assembly or destruction of the cytoskeleton can trigger programmed death in neurons, by mechanisms as yet poorly understood. In our model, assembly control of the neuronal cytoskeleton interacts with both cellular stress levels and cytosolic free radical concentrations to trigger neurodegeneration.

One-hit stochastic decline in a mechanochemical model of cytoskeleton-induced neuron death I: cell-fate arrival times.

Much experimental evidence shows that the cytoskeleton is a downstream target and effector during cell death in numerous neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's, Huntington's, and Alzheimer's diseases. However, recent evidence indicates that cytoskeletal dysfunction can also trigger neuronal death, by mechanisms as yet poorly understood. This is the first of two papers in which we study a mathematical model of cytoskeleton-induced neuron death.